Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Treatment of dental fluorosis Level: microabrasion with 6% hydrochloric acid. Case report
Get PDFDental fluorosis is a malformation of the dental enamel, which is characterized by an increase in its porosity and permeability, and variations in the clinical presentation in relation to the time and amount of fluoride consumed by the patient. The case of a male patient, 22 years old, with no pathological history or allergy to medications or chemical substances, goes to the dental office reporting dissatisfaction with his dental appearance. After clinical radiographic study, the diagnosis of mild fluorosis was established according to the Dean Index, and microabrasion with 6% hydrochloric acid was chosen as treatment. The procedure followed is described and the different management options for dental fluorosis are discussed. Dental fluorosis is widely present both worldwide and in Ecuador. However, many patients are unaware of their condition and do not receive adequate treatment. Microabrasion was the technique of choice for this case, due to the effectiveness and stability of its results already reported. The management of the patient with dental fluorosis must be individualized, the use of a minimally invasive technique, such as microabrasion with 6% hydrochloric acid, turned out to be a safe and effective method of treatment, which provides the patient with adequate dental aesthetics, and improves your quality of lif
Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on university professors at a University Institution in North Lima
Get PDFIntroduction: psychological distress is one of the events that compromise the mental health of University professors in a situation that puts their physical and mental well-being at risk, therefore, the objective of the research is to determine psychological distress in University professors that are of a University Institution in North Lima.Methods: it is a quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental cross-sectional study, with a total population of 147 participating health professionals, who responded to a questionnaire of sociodemographic data and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21).Results: the results show that in health professionals, 61 (41,5 %) present high psychological distress, 44 (29,9 %) medium psychological distress and 42 (28,6 %) low psychological distress.Conclusions: it is concluded that strategies should be sought to improve the mental health of health professionals, who are in the first line of care for COVID-19 patients and this should be increased in mental health services that allow attending to professionals who are at a higher risk of psychological distres
Loss of sensation and trophic lesions in the feet of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Get PDFIntroduction: diabetic foot is one of the most common complications in patients with diabetes, and early diagnosis is crucial to carry out therapeutic interventions that prevent its progression to advanced or irreversible stages that generate changes in people\u27s quality of life.Objective: identify the loss of protective sensitivity and trophic lesions in the feet of people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at a health center in the Tuxtlas region, Veracruz.Methods: descriptive and cross-sectional study. The sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience in which 91 people participated. Information was collected on personal data, clinical data on podiatric characteristics, loss of foot protective sensitivity and presence of trophic lesions. Descriptive analysis was used in the SPSS statistical package.Results: the average age was 52,59 years with a greater predominance in the group of 50 to 59 years. The foot disorders that occurred were calluses (65,9 %), onychomycosis (65,9 %) and pain (56 %). Regarding the quantification of trophic lesions, 13,2 % presented some degree of injury and 60,5 % presented loss of protective sensitivity in at least one of the six points evaluated in the lower limbs.Conclusions: In the present study, a low prevalence of trophic lesions was identified according to the Wagner scale, but a high prevalence of neuropathy defined by monofilament; in addition, there are podiatric characteristics that can favor the presence of ulcers such as dermal and morphological alterations of the participant
Technological innovations in cardiac rehabilitation: effectiveness and impact on patient\u27s quality of life
Get PDFIntroduction: today, the issue of effective rehabilitation of patients after ischemic damage to the heart muscle is relevant in connection with the annual increase in the number of patients with chronic cardiovascular pathology. Objective: to establish modern effective methods of cardiorehabilitation through a literature search. Methods: a review of the literature on the topic of innovations in cardiorehabilitation using databases: GoogleScholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus was carried out using the survey and system analysis method. These methods provide the possibility of remote monitoring of patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases using telemonitoring, which encourages patients to monitor the state of the cardiovascular system based on ECG, blood pressure, and oximetry. Telecardiorehabilitation is a modern method that has been widely implemented in the last 10 years, and especially during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Taking into account that after discharge from the hospital, elderly people sometimes find it difficult to get to rehabilitation centers or work in groups. Development: as an alternative, specialists found the possibility of physical rehabilitation with a set of exercises at home and constant monitoring with the help of smart technologies. The introduction of modern techniques increased the percentage of patients who were involved in cardiorehabilitation, which reduced mortality rates and positively affected the quality of life of patients. Conclusions: the implementation of telemonitoring and telecardiorehabilitation in the conditions of aging population and increasing share of patients with chronic course is a very promising direction of modern rehabilitatio
Patients\u27 and caregivers\u27 perception of satisfaction with palliative care
No full textIntroduction: palliative care has emerged as a crucial element of contemporary health care, according to the World Health Organization, establishing a holistic approach dedicated to improving the quality of life of patients and their families when facing the difficulties associated with terminal illnesses. Therefore, assessing patients\u27 and caregivers\u27 satisfaction with care is a fundamental aspect that requires a thorough analysis, since the disease impacts not only on physical health but also on personal relationships. Method: qualitative-hermeneutic, narrative-interpretative and documentary study based on literature review during the first semester of 2024 in the databases: Dialnet, Scielo, Scopus, Elsevier, Sciencie Direct, PudMed, BMJ open and Google academic. Objective: to describe the perception of patients and caregivers on satisfaction with the care they receive in palliative care. Development: one of the fundamental bases of palliative care is empathic communication between health professionals and patients/caregivers, as well as ensuring effective symptom control and beyond the physical dimension, it also focuses on attending to emotional and psychosocial needs, and finally, it seeks to respect patients\u27 dignity and autonomy. Conclusion: the perception of patient and caregiver satisfaction with palliative care is influenced by a variety of elements, including quality of communication, symptom management, emotional support, and respect for dignity and autonom
Working memory performance and quality of life in people with disabilities
Get PDFWorking memory is a mental process that allows the human being to store and elaborate in a transitory way the information received by the senses, so it is important to complement this with the quality of life, the latter considered as the welfare present in a person with their achievements, health and healthy eating; this superior function in conjunction with the quality of life can be affected by various factors such as any disability. The purpose of this research is to evaluate executive functioning from the perspective of working memory and quality of life in people with disabilities institutionalized in the city of Ambato. The methodology was quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional with descriptive characteristics in a correlational analysis. It was worked with two assessment instruments, the INECO, which assesses executive functions including working memory, and the INICO for the evaluation of quality of life, with 46 participants between 18 and 60 years of age. The results show a low performance in working memory, as well as a low quality of life in the self-report, from the caregiver\u27s perspective a high quality of life is perceived. It has also been recorded that the working memory variable is not related to quality of life scores. It is concluded that there could be a possible affectation in the prefrontal cortex of the participants, which affects the performance of the quality of life of those evaluate
Food supply and nutritional status of preschool and basic education schoolchildren in the commune of Pedro Aguirre Cerda, Santiago, Chile
Get PDFIntroduction: dietary habits acquired during childhood mark a very important milestone in the prevention or development of chronic non-communicable diseases. The food education that preschool and school-age students receive are determining factors in the development of healthy lifestyles. However, the growing supply of unhealthy foods that are available to school students puts this condition at risk and contributes to the development of school overweight and obesity. The objective of the study is to determine if there is an association between the nutritional status of students and the supply of unhealthy foods near schools. Method: descriptive cross-sectional study developed during the year 2023. A georeferencing of the sales premises of different types of food was carried out in the surroundings of 4 schools in the commune of Pedro Aguirre Cerda, Santiago, Chile. The educational establishments are part of a private initiative that seeks to promote healthy living and eating habits. The nutritional status of pre-kindergarten, kindergarten and first grade students was evaluated and the association between nutritional status and the availability of unhealthy foods was determined. Results: most of the students evaluated maintain a good nutritional status. There is no association between the offer of unhealthy foods and an increase in the rate of overweight and obesity (determined by BMI) in schools. Conclusions: despite the availability of unhealthy foods in the educational establishment environment, low rates of overweight and obesity are observed
Use of clinical simulators and development of professional skills in dental students: systematic review
Get PDFWith the advancement of new technologies and teaching methods, dental schools face significant challenges in reorganizing their educational processes. This requires the incorporation of pedagogical systems that enhance the intellectual abilities of students, allowing them to respond effectively to the demands of society. The objective of this review was to analyze the impact of the use of clinical simulators on the development of professional skills in dental students. A systematic review was carried out using the Scielo, Lilacs and Redalyc databases. The search focused on studies related to the variables: simulators, learning, skills, students and dentistry. From the analysis of the content of the selected articles, three main themes were identified: the importance of the use of dental simulators, the development of skills in simulated environments, and the types of clinical simulators used in the training of dental students. The use of simulators in dental training is essential to improve clinical practice safely. These devices allow students to fine-tune their motor skills and develop a high level of confidence, which is crucial for performing procedures on real patients in their future professional practic
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor. Presentation of a clinical case
Get PDFAdenomatoid odontogenic tumor (ATO) is a rare benign tumor that represents 3% of odontogenic tumors. Originated from remains of the dental lamina or odontogenic epithelium, it occurs in three variants: follicular (73%), extracystic (24%) and intraosseous (3%). The follicular variant is the most common and is usually associated with the crown of an unerupted tooth, typically a maxillary canine. It mainly affects young people in their second decade of life and presents as a painless and slow-growing increase in volume in the anterior maxillary region. In this study, the case of a 16-year-old patient with a follicular variant unicystic TOA in the right mandibular region is presented. A complete enucleation of the lesion, which measured 4 cm, was performed, observing expansion of the external cortex, a close relationship with the included tooth 4.3 and root resorption in adjacent teeth. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology, and one year later, the patient showed a favorable evolution, with bone repair and no significant complications. Despite its low incidence, it is crucial to report clinical cases of TOA to improve the understanding of its clinical characteristics, surgical management, and postoperative evolution. In addition, they provide information on the prognosis and possible long-term complications of this odontogenic neoplas
Psycho-prophylaxis of sexual health disorders
Get PDFIntroduction: The relevance of the researched topic is driven by the fact that in the modern world, sexuality has ceased to be a taboo concept, making the prevention, particularly psychological prevention, of various disorders increasingly important. Objective: Analyse and assess the effectiveness of modern methods of psycho-prophylaxis of sexual disorders worldwide.Methods: This review article employed methods of analysis, synthesis, abstraction, deduction, and generalization for the systematic study, processing, and summarization of data, along with a systematic search of literature sources in databases.Results: The results of this study reveal that people have limited access to medical services for treating sexual dysfunctions, and educational programs on psychosocial hygiene are absent for a large percentage of the population. The percentage of misconceptions about sexual rights (including sexual health) and preventive measures remains critically low. Additionally, notable aspects of the results include analysing factors affecting sexual health, assessing psycho-prophylactic strategies, examining sexual education needs, formulating recommendations for improvement, and developing strategies like counselling centres and psychotherapeutic sessions.Conclusions: This study has practical significance for professionals in the fields of medicine, psychology, psychotherapy, sociology, as well as for gender researchers and scientists dealing with issues of sexuality, sexual education, and upbringin