Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Implementation of an interdisciplinary hospital simulation center: launch of a simulated clinical service
Get PDFIntroduction: clinical simulation as a teaching-learning tool has experienced a significant evolution in recent years in terms of the methodologies it has implemented to achieve learning results in different areas of health professions. Interdisciplinary clinical simulation is the recommendation of the experts. Objectives: implement a simulated clinical service for the learning of intermediate cycle students of Health careers at the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of a private university in Santiago de Chile in the year 2022.Method: 408 students a private university in Santiago de Chile, a student satisfaction survey was applied regarding the learning experience in the interdisciplinary simulation center.Conclusions: the students who participated in the activity valued the experience positively and considered it valuable for their professional trainin
The impact of child malnutrition on the teaching-learning process of schoolchildren
Get PDFIntroduction: malnutrition is a state of nutritional imbalance that results from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological needs. The causes, inadequate food intake in quantity and quality required to meet the needs of the body during growth and psychomotor development, childhood malnutrition, which affects children under 5 years of age worldwide, associated with social and economic determinants in the most countries in the region. In Ecuador it affects 27,2 % of children under 2 years of age, this is the result of inadequate or insufficient nutrition. Objectives: determine the number of infants who are suffering from child malnutrition under 3 to 5 years of age E.G.B. Republic of Colombia, from the Saquisilí canton. Methods: a cross-sectional, quantitative design study with descriptive scope was carried out. Three instruments were used, the first instrument was the WHO growth curve, structured by percentiles, the second was the survey directed at parents, and the third instrument was a questionnaire to assess development-learning. Results: the results obtained in this research describe that 90 % exclusively maintained breast milk during the first six months of life, being a protective factor for the children\u27s immune system. In the final results obtained from the research, mild malnutrition is reflected. In 36,7 % of children, and a significant 20 % of these children suffer from moderate malnutrition, which can indirectly affect their learning development. Conclusions: in this sense, child malnutrition can be reduced by improving levels of maternal education and government policies to promote income redistribution, since the highest percentage of malnourished children belongs to the lowest poverty quintil
Homologation of results of manual and automated urine microscopic analysis: a review of the bibliography
Get PDFIntroduction: urinalysis represents one of the most requested laboratory tests for the diagnosis and follow-up of urinary and renal system diseases. Although manual microscopy has been the traditional method, its process is characterized by being laborious and time-consuming. For this reason, automated systems have been introduced with the aim of improving the accuracy of the results. Objective: to establish the relevance of the homologation of manual and automated urine microscopic analysis results through a literature review.Methods: this study is based on descriptive research of bibliographic documents with a retrospective analysis. For the collection of information, various databases such as PudMED, Scielo, Google Scholar, Scopus, Elsevier were consulted. During the bibliographic search, 25 articles related to the subject of the study were found, for which the PRISMA methodology was used.Results: by analyzing the different investigations, it was found that the automated analyzers showed an adequate concordance with manual microscopy for red blood cells, white blood cells and epithelial cells. However, in the case of bacteria and casts, a lower concordance was evidenced. Conclusion: urine microscopic analysis is crucial in medical diagnosis. The transition from manual methods to automated equipment has improved the efficiency and accuracy of the results. The comparison between both methods is fundamental to ensure the reliability of the results, which contributes to provide safe and appropriate treatments for patient
Importance of total testosterone in subjects who perform exercises that require great physical effort
Get PDFIntroduction: physical activity, especially high-impact activity, generates an increase in total testosterone levels in the athletes\u27 bodies, this increase provides a gain in strength and muscle growth in a short period of time. Methods: a narrative review was carried out with different search strategies in PubMed, Elsevier, Academic Google, Scielo, 22 research articles and reviews published in Spanish and English were included, from 2019 to 2023. Results: of the studies reviewed, the majority provided key information on the association between elevated levels of total testosterone and physical growth in athletes. Conclusion: sport is essential to improve the quality of life of the individual, however, the obsession with developing spectacular muscles and increasing their strength has led athletes to consume anabolic androgenic steroids that dangerously raise testosterone levels, consequently, causing the damage to organs and systems, which could become a public health problem; therefore, consumption must be controlled medically. Low testosterone levels in men are associated with erectile dysfunction, in women with infections and vaginal dryness. Testosterone levels in trans women, despite wanting to suppress them through hormone therapy, remain high, giving them an additional advantage over the rest of the female gende
The Novel Meta-Heuristic Optimization-Based Deep Learning Framework for Predicting Diagnoses with COVID-19 in Patients Undergoing Emergency Treatment
Get PDFThe global medical system has faced enormous challenges as a result of the COVID-19 epidemic. Since emergency facilities are frequently the first places individuals with COVID-19 indications go, they are often in the center of the matter. Finding patients with COVID-19 and treating them appropriately while applying precautions to stop the virus from spreading among other individuals and medical personnel is one of the primary challenges EDs face. This work develops a Covid-19 forecasting system using deep learning via four essential steps. The incoming initial information is initially placed via the pre-processing phase to improve the information accuracy and efficacy evaluation of the suggested model. Data cleansing and normalization are done during the pre-processing phase. The best characteristics are chosen using meta-heuristic-based Belief Net Particle Swarm optimization (MH-Belief Net + PSO). Next, the covid-19 forecasting step is replicated using the newly improved Deep Learning (DL) approach, the optimizing deep belief network (DBN). The parameter modification enhances the system\u27s capacity to forecast disease. An improved DBN\u27s output shows if COVID-19 is present or nonexistent. Because of this, the effectiveness assessment significance of the suggested approaches was greater compared to each of existing approaches, including SVM, RF, CNN, and NB.
Novel Machine Learning Approach for Forecasting the Possibility of Recurrence in Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Get PDFAntipsychotic drug usage is known to increase the risk of pneumonia, despite the fact that medications are commonly used to treat schizophrenia. By utilize machine learning (ML) to assemble a model for predicting community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in schizophrenia patient. The beginning of pneumonia was predicted by eleven factors including gender, age, clozapine usage, drug-drug interactions, dose, length treatment, coughing, and changes in neutrophil and leukocyte counts, blood sugar levels, and body weight. To create the prediction models employed in this work, seven ML techniques were utilized in the study. To assess the overall performance of the model, we employed accuracy, sensitivity, specificity. In comparison to other seven ML methods, RF and DT have results the improved forecasting efficiency. Six other key risk variables were also found, including dose, clozapine usage, medication duration, change in neutrophil or leukocyte count, and drug-drug interaction. Our prediction model could be a helpful device for doctors caring for schizophrenic patients, even though these individuals still run the risk of pneumonia while using anti-psychotic medications
Clinical experience of TAKOTSUBO cardiomyopathy´s case
Get PDFAt a cardiological level there are several similar pathologies, and among them those that have a high percentage of similarity in terms of clinical features are Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and Acute Myocardial Infarction. Presentation with dyspnea, chest pain and a history of a stressful situation, as well as electrocardiographic signs such as ST segment elevation, allow us to suspect both pathologies. Coronary angiography with coronary arteries without obstruction and the echocardiographic image where alterations in the contractility of the left ventricle and the shape of an octopus fishing trap are observed are the main bases for the definitive diagnosis of broken heart syndrome, as in the present case. The clinical part manifests itself as an acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation, but when performing the invasive approach, no occlusion is found in the coronary arteries, which is why it is classified as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Regarding treatment, follow-up, continuous monitoring and elimination of the triggering factor are essential to shorten recovery time and reduce the recurrence rat
Impact of Drug Use on University Students in Ecuador: Challenges for the health system
Get PDFThe objective of the study was to analyze the impact of drug trafficking and drug consumption on the university student population in Ecuador, and the challenges faced by the health system in the prevention and mitigation of these problems. An integrative review of the literature was carried out, complemented with surveys applied to university students to evaluate their knowledge about drugs and their perception of the preventive measures implemented in their institutions. The results revealed insufficient knowledge about the effects of drugs among students and a general dissatisfaction with current preventive measures, particularly in non-health-related careers. Additionally, the analysis highlights Ecuador\u27s growing relevance as a key route in international drug trafficking, exacerbating challenges for the health system. The conclusions suggest the need to strengthen educational and public health policies focused on prevention, improve teacher training, and promote a multisectoral approach that includes parents, students, and local and international authorities to effectively address the proble
Comparison of enteral and parenteral nutrition in the management of acute pancreatitis
Get PDFThis study investigated the efficacy of enteral nutrition compared with parenteral nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis, with the aim of determining which of these modalities provides better clinical outcomes. A qualitative analysis was performed based on the review of meta-analyses and literature reviews, using a search of recognised medical databases. Inclusion criteria included clinical trials, systematic reviews and relevant observational studies, and the methodological quality of the selected studies was assessed. The results highlighted that enteral nutrition was associated with a significant reduction in mortality, systemic infections, need for surgical interventions and length of hospital stay compared with parenteral nutrition. Meta-analyses indicated that enteral nutrition not only decreased serious complications, but also showed a trend towards an improvement in overall clinical outcomes. These results suggest that enteral nutrition is a preferred strategy for the management of acute pancreatitis, given its superiority in terms of reduced complications and hospital costs. This study highlights the importance of reconsidering parenteral nutrition in favor of options that optimize recovery and clinical resource
Soft tissue management with ovoid pontics. Clinical case report
Get PDFDentists daily face various clinical situations that complicate treatments in areas with missing teeth, particularly due to defects in the alveolar ridge. These defects in the anterior region are of special relevance, not only because of their aesthetic impact, as they involve teeth to be replaced, but also because of the need to maintain a gingival shape that resembles the natural anatomy as closely as possible and that facilitates hygiene. patient\u27s mouth. For the treatment of edentulous ridges, multiple surgical techniques have been used. This article presents a clinical case report of a 64-year-old male patient, who attended the San Gregorio University of Portoviejo reporting dissatisfaction with his aesthetic appearance. The objective of the treatment was to describe the protocol for soft tissue management through the use of ovoid pontics. The rehabilitation included the complete restoration of the anterior-superior area, in order to restore the affected architecture, function and aesthetics. Treatment planning included endodontic procedures, tooth preparation and increasing the patient\u27s vertical dimension to ensure correct adaptation of the final bridge. The application of these techniques allowed us to achieve aesthetic and functional success both in the short and long ter