Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Mental health and academic performance in university students: Systematic review
Get PDFIntroduction: Mental health is an important part of public health, as its lack leads to a variety of mental disorders that are health problems in societies around the world. Mental health can be affected by biological, psychological, social and economic factors. In the university environment, these factors constitute an aspect that requires special attention, given the negative influence they could exert on the academic performance of students.Objective: Analyze the relationship between mental health and academic performance in university students.Methods: The systematic review of available scientific literature was carried out, using a systematic procedure based on the search, selection, review, interpretation and synthesis of the proven evidence from the years 2006 – 2023. The search was based on the study of the variables: mental health and academic performance.Results: After the analysis of the different articles, three main themes were identified: mental health: generalities; importance of mental health in academic performance and professional support: guarantee of good academic performance in university students.Conclusions: It is concluded that mental health in the university environment affects the student\u27s academic performance. Work must be done on the development of skills to manage emotions and address imbalances that affect the mental health of students, otherwise it will be reflected in the learning process, in the family environment and the social environment, resulting in possible dropouts and the occurrence of psychosomatic diseases in the medium and long term
Systemic review of studies of cyberbullying in Hispanic American adolescents
Get PDFBullying, cyberbullying and virtual intimidation in adolescents is a problem with relevant aspects to be investigated, since in recent years it has been increasing, taking into account that during adolescence acceptance among peers is essential for their social development, that is why this population is prone to suffer rejection, harassment and all kinds of cyber violence. The purpose of this work is to know research on the variables associated with bullying, cyberbullying and virtual intimidation in adolescents. For this, the articles that have been published between 2011 and 2021 in Spanish, English in the following bases have been reviewed: Pro Quest, EBSCO Host, Scopus and Eri
Rehabilitation Nursing Care for a patient undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis: case report
Get PDFIntroduction: scoliosis is characterized by three-dimensional changes in the spine, mainly in the thoracic and/or lumbar region, leading to musculoskeletal and pulmonary changes and changes in the person\u27s functionality. After corrective spinal surgical intervention, the intervention of a rehabilitation nurse becomes essential, in order to guide and optimize the person\u27s training and empowerment, in this phase of health-disease transition.Clinical Case Report: clinical case study, inherent to the situation of a person undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis. The nursing process was carried out, through data collection, evaluation, diagnosis survey, rehabilitation nursing interventions, and the respective results assessment. The numerical pain scale, the body balance assessment, the Barthel Index, the Functional Independence Measure and the Timed Up and Go test were used as assessment instruments. Based on the International Classification for Nursing Practice and the Rehabilitation Nurse Specialist standard of care document.Discussion: the rehabilitation nursing plan implemented for the person undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis contributed beneficially to the improvement of the ventilation pattern, muscle strength, mobility, gait, independence in carrying out self-care and increased functionality. There was an increase in knowledge and training in techniques to adapt to their situation, favoring a safe transition to home after hospital discharge.Conclusion: in view of musculoskeletal and ventilatory changes, a Motor Functional Reeducation and Respiratory Functional Reeducation plan is extremely important, in association with the person\u27s teaching and training pla
Lipidomics: A comprehensive view of the lipid profile and its relationship to cardiovascular risk
Get PDFIntroduction: the World Health Organization stated that cardiovascular diseases cause the death of 17,9 million people annually. The Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis recommended complete lipid analysis including total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) for cardiovascular risk. Objective: to conduct a review article on lipidomics and its integral approach in the analysis of the lipid profile, with emphasis on its relationship with cardiovascular risk, by searching and synthesizing relevant and updated scientific literatura. Methods: the search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and in the Google Schoolar search engine, following the PRISMA guidelines, the PICO question was posed, studies from the last 5 years and in English language were included. Results: A total of 5827 documents were obtained and 11 articles were included in the analysis of results. Six articles were used to determine the relationship between non-HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and remaining cholesterol with cardiovascular risk, three for the relationship between lipoprotein (a) and cardiovascular risk and two were used in relation to ethnicity and formulas to determine lipoproteins. Conclusions: apolipoprotein B over non-HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol is the best lipid biomarker, lipoprotein (a) is recommended to be measured once in life and it is advisable to measure LDL cholesterol directl
Perception of the level of adherence to hypertensive treatment in adults
Get PDFIntroduction: the perception of the level of adherence to hypertensive treatment in adults refers to the extent to which patients follow medical indications and take their medications as prescribed by health professionals. Objective: to analyze adherence to antihypertensive treatment in adults by means of a quali-quantitative study during the months of May and June in order to create strategies aimed at preventing short-term complications in primary health care. Methods: the study carried out adopted a mixed quali-quantitative, phenomenological, cross-sectional, cross-sectional approach during the months of May and June of the present year, with a population of 26 people with census sampling using semi-structured interviews, informed consent and the Morisky-Green questionnaire. Results: according to the study carried out, most of the people suffering from arterial hypertension are female, married, between 30 and 60 years of age, and most of them are engaged in domestic chores. Both men and women with this pathology, according to the surveys, do not adapt to follow the pharmacological treatment; however, they do not abandon it because they know the importance of having a better quality of life. Conclusion: the analysis of the present study was based on adherence to antihypertensive treatment in adults at the Martínez Health Center in which the suggested strategy is to educate the population more about the importance of adherence to antihypertensive treatmen
Knowledge about arterial hypertension in students of the nursing professional career at a public university: A cross-sectional study
Get PDFIntroduction: knowledge about arterial hypertension in future nursing professionals is essential since these future healthcare professionals will play a crucial role in promoting health and caring for hypertensive patients in the future.Objective: to assess the level of knowledge about arterial hypertension in students of the nursing program at a public university.Method: the research was quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional. A total of 188 students participated, to whom the Hypertension Knowledge Questionnaire was administered, an instrument with adequate metric properties.Results: 38,8 % of students had a moderate level of knowledge about hypertension, 31,4 % had a high level, and 29,8 % had a low level. Similarly, knowledge about general aspects and risk factors was at a moderate level, but knowledge about preventive measures was low. Additionally, the year of study was significantly associated with the level of knowledge about hypertension (p <0,05).Conclusions: the overall level of knowledge among students about hypertension is moderate. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening education and awareness about hypertension prevention among nursing student
Physical activity and dietary habits in university students: A correlational study
Get PDFIntroduction: in university life, students often undergo significant changes in their daily routines, which can lead to sedentary behavior patterns such as long study hours and excessive use of electronic devices. At the same time, independence and the availability of diverse food options can influence their dietary habits.Objective: to determine if physical activity is significantly related to the dietary habits of students in the nursing program at a public university.Methods: a quantitative approach was employed, using a non-experimental research design of a descriptive and cross-sectional correlational nature. The sample consisted of 192 students who were administered the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Dietary Habits Questionnaire, both of which exhibited appropriate metric properties.Results: preliminarily, it was found that the students were characterized by having a sedentary behavior and by exhibiting less than suitable dietary habits. Additionally, it was determined that the Spearman\u27s rho correlation coefficient between physical activity and dietary habits was 0,626, and the p-value was lower than the significance level (p<0,05).Conclusions: there is a significant direct relationship between physical activity and dietary habits among students in the nursing program at a public university. Therefore, it is suggested that the university should implement programs to promote physical activity on campus, provide healthy food options in university facilities, and include topics related to nutritional education in the curriculu
Cesarean Section: Medical, Social and Moral and Ethical Factors
Get PDFIntroduction: a cesarean section (C-section) is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus. It is a common procedure, but it carries various medical, social, moral, and ethical considerations.Objective: to evaluate medical, social, moral, and ethical factors related to cesarean sections.Method: conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study on 100 pregnant women undergoing cesarean sections using nonrandom purposive sampling. Data (quantitative and qualitative) collected through a pretested questionnaire, analyzed with SPSS 26 and Atlas.ti.Results: significant associations were found in age (p=0,033), education (p=0,043), socioeconomic status (p=0,046), and BMI (p=0,048). Obstetric factors, including parity (p=0,033), delivery place (p=0,035), child weight at birth (p=0,000), and major indications for CS (p=0,048), demonstrated substantial impact. Ethical considerations showed significant associations with maternal autonomy (P=0,040), medical necessity (P=0,038), resource allocation (P=0,038), bonding impact (P=0,037), unnecessary interventions (P=0,033), reproductive autonomy (P=0,046), cultural sensitivity (P=0,028), and provider accountability (P=0,042).Conclusions: study emphasizes tailored maternal care, reveals sociodemographic, obstetric influences, intricate ethical dimension
Trends in research on nature tourism-induced diseases in the SCOPUS database
Get PDFTourism is a multidimensional activity that involves various economic, social, cultural and environmental aspects, and among the types of tourism, nature tourism can be a risk factor for health, as travellers can be exposed to various diseases. The aim of the research is to analyse research trends on diseases caused by nature tourism in the SCOPUS database. The research paradigm is quantitative, based on a bibliometric study, using a descriptive and retrospective approach. Only review and research articles were considered, without language restriction. The behaviour of the research was positive and increasing, with a maximum peak of 30 research papers, predominantly research articles in the area of environmental sciences. The most productive country with 25 papers was the United States, while the most prominent affiliation was Griffith University with four research papers from Australia. Three lines of scientific research and the most productive authors in the subject were identified, as well as an analysis of the citation levels in the period. Nature tourism, also referred to in the literature as ecotourism or green tourism, is a type of travel that focuses on the exploration and enjoyment of nature\u27s diversity, allowing travellers to connect with the land and biodiversit
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Family Functionality, and Severity of Psychoactive Substance Dependence
Get PDFIntroduction: adverse childhood experiences are related to mental health problems and substance use in adulthood and are defined as a series of events and experiences perceived as harmful by children and adolescents. Objective: to establish the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Family Functionality and Severity of Psychoactive Substance Dependence in adults. Method: quantitative, correlational-exploratory, non-experimental and cross-sectional study, in a population of 152 people in treatment for substance use during the year 2023, between 18 and 65 years of age, with a focus on 5 public treatment centers in Chile, with a purposive sample of 64 cases. An instrument composed of 3 scales was applied, and descriptive analysis, correlations and linear regression were carried out. Results: there is a high correlation in the 5 subscales of the CTQ-SF of Early Adverse Experiences. The lower the Family Functionality, the higher the levels of Early Adverse Experiences. The detached/separated type of families predominate, but Family Functionality does not correlate significantly with Severity of Psychoactive Substance Dependence. Discussion: psychoactive substance severity does correlate significantly positively with living Early Adverse Experiences. Likewise, the study positively signifies the joint relationship of predictor variables. Conclusions: early adverse experience is related to problematic substance use in adulthood, the traumatic event arises within the family, systemically affecting mental health in adulthood, independent of its structure and compositio