Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Advanced Mechanical Gear Design Optimization through Multivariate Statistical Modeling: Strength Analysis and Wear Mitigation Strategies
Get PDFIntroduction: Mechanical gears are essential components in power transmission in industrial, automotive and aerospace systems. Objective: Advanced optimization of mechanical gear design is explored using multivariate statistical modeling, with a focus on structural strength and wear mitigation. Methodology: The NSGA-II algorithm was applied to identify optimal solutions on the Pareto front, balancing wear minimization and mechanical strength maximization. Results: The results indicate that a modulus close to 5.0 and a pressure angle of 24°-25° optimize durability and gear efficiency. In addition, linear regression showed a high predictive ability (R²=0.882 for wear and R²=0.963 for strength), although limited to a single-objective approach. Conclusion: It is concluded that the combination of NSGA-II with statistical models and numerical simulation can improve the accuracy and applicability of solutions in industrial environments.
Analysis of Memory and Alzheimer\u27s Disease in the Contemporary Context
Get PDFIntroduction: In modern times, it is increasingly common to encounter people suffering from the well-known Alzheimer\u27s disease. Specialists mention that this progressive and degenerative disease is becoming more visible due to the increase in life expectancy rather than something specifically attributable to contemporary times. This paper aims to analyze memory as a cognitive process and its importance, linking it to Alzheimer\u27s as the most well-known disease associated with memory. Attention is focused primarily on the memory impairment it causes, seeking to enhance understanding among readers and professionals in training. Understanding symptoms, processes, and support alternatives are key to successfully addressing Alzheimer\u27s disease, which is currently on the rise, particularly among older adults. Methods: The methodology used is videographic analysis and theoretical and documentary analysis, supported by the comprehension through a clinical case analysis using a commonly employed and easily accessible technique. This technique involves analyzing a relevant-themed film. Results: The results and discussion demonstrate the common symptomatology in Alzheimer\u27s, the progressive deterioration of memory and cognitive functions, as well as the importance of social and emotional support in achieving adaptability and coping with the different stages of this complex disease for the patients, within clinical possibilities. Conclusions: This knowledge is useful for psychology professionals to assist both the patients and their families
Effectiveness of Project-Based Cooperative Learning Model in Electrical Installation Practical Courses
Get PDFThis study evaluates the effectiveness of the Project-Based Cooperative Learning (PBCL) model in enhancing student learning outcomes in practical Electrical Installation courses, focusing on its impact on technical competence, problem-solving ability, teamwork, and engagement in vocational education. Conducted during the 2024/2025 academic year at Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Pekanbaru, Indonesia, the research employed a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design involving 47 Electrical Engineering students—25 in the experimental group receiving PBCL treatment and 22 in the control group following traditional instruction. The intervention lasted seven sessions, with data collected through pre- and post-tests, surveys, and interviews. Quantitative analysis revealed statistically significant improvements in the experimental group’s post-test scores, while qualitative data indicated higher levels of engagement, motivation, and perceived skill development among PBCL participants. Data normality and homogeneity tests confirmed the validity of parametric analysis, and independent sample t-tests supported the statistical significance of the findings. The study concludes that PBCL is a pedagogically effective approach for improving learning outcomes in vocational education, particularly in technical fields requiring both practical and soft skills. The results advocate for broader implementation of PBCL in technical curricula and highlight the potential for future integration of technology-enhanced strategies to further support student learning
Assessment of anemia prevalence, predictors, contributing factors, and knowledge among Indigenous tribes in Tamil Nadu, India
Get PDFIntroduction:anemia is a significant public health issue worldwide, particularly among Indigenous populations, because of numerous nutritional, genetic, and socio-cultural reasons. Among the Malayali tribes of Tamil Nadu, India—a Scheduled Tribe with a history of consanguineous marriage and limited access to healthcare—there is a high burden of anemia, but little has been established about the issue. Method: community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 516 respondents. Hematological profiling and Semi-structured questionnaire was utilized to collect socio-demographic indicators, morbidity history and anemia specific knowledge. Binary logistic regression analysis and Chi-square tests were utilized to study associations between demographic factors and anemia. Results: the overall prevalence of anemia in the current study was 38%, and the prevalence proportion of severe anemia was 2.3%, moderate anemia was 22.5%, and mild anemia was 13.2%.Logistic regression analysis revealed significant odds of anemia in men (aOR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.32–0.71), unmarried persons (aOR=0.33, 95% CI: 0.12–0.88), students (aOR=3.46, 95% CI: 1.23–9.76), and household members (aOR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.27–0.80). Conclusion: compared to the other Indian tribal communities, the anemia prevalence in the Malayali tribe is lower but still a public health problem for the latter and others. Hematological profiling can aid in the diagnosis of conditions in tribal, remote environments where laboratory-based diagnostic capacity could be limited. Aside from education and participant age, socioeconomic and gendered work factors seemed to have the most influence on risk factors for anemia.
Digital divides and youth cultural participation in rural contexts in Ecuador
Get PDFThis article examined digital gaps and their impact on the cultural exclusion of Ecuadorian youth aged 20 to 24 in Zone 5, composed of the provinces of Guayas, Los Ríos, Bolívar, Santa Elena, and Galápagos. Using a quasi-experimental design and a quantitative approach, data were collected and compared between two groups differentiated by their level of connectivity and pedagogical mediation. The sample consisted of 400 young people, equally distributed between both groups. A structured questionnaire was applied to assess dimensions such as digital cultural capital, participation in online cultural practices, use of platforms, and barriers to cultural digital appropriation. The results showed that the group with stable connectivity and training in digital skills presented higher levels of technological self-efficacy, participation in digital cultural communities, and production of symbolic content. In contrast, the other group exhibited limitations in both access (unstable mobile connections and basic devices) and the ability to leverage cultural opportunities in the digital environment. Statistical tests revealed significant differences between the groups in all measured dimensions (p < 0.01), with moderate to high effect sizes. It was concluded that digital exclusion among youth is not only technical but also symbolic, cultural, and educational. Furthermore, it was proposed that public policies should incorporate critical training, territorial support, and cultural inclusion, moving beyond a merely infrastructural paradigm
Palliative treatment in cancer patients from a physiotherapeutic perspective: systematic review
Get PDFIntroduction: Cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, generating a profound impact on those who suffer from it, especially in advanced stages. In this context, physical therapy, as an integral part of palliative care, gains relevance by mitigating physical and emotional symptoms that significantly affect patients\u27 quality of life.Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, consulting recognized databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. Studies from 2015 to 2025 that specifically addressed physical therapy interventions in palliative cancer patients were selected, assessing their methodological quality using validated tools such as RoB 2, NOS, and AMSTAR-2. Results: Of 130 initially identified articles, 14 publications were ultimately included, demonstrating that active physical therapy interventions, combined with manual therapy and nutritional support, significantly improve patient functionality, autonomy, and overall well-being. Conclusions: Physiotherapy is positioned as an essential intervention in palliative care for cancer patients, demonstrating positive effects in reducing fatigue, pain, and dyspnea, as well as promoting emotional and social well-being. Its interdisciplinary integration, adapted to the clinical context and local resources, is key to maximizing the patient\u27s quality of life in their final stages of life
The Effects of Lighting, Lactic Acid Levels, and Occupational Factors on Performance of Nurses, With Work Fatigue at Latemmamala Regional Hospital
Get PDFIntroduction: Nurse performance can decline due to complaints of work fatigue. Fatigue can occur due to both internal and external factors.
Methods: This study used a quantitative cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used probability sampling resulted in 160 respondents.
Results: Lighting (p = 0.002 < 0.05), Lactic Acid (p = 0.000 < 0.05), physical workload (p = 0.000 < 0.05), length of work (p = 0.020 < 0.05), subjective work fatigue (p = 0.000 < 0.05), and objective work fatigue (p = 0.000 < 0.05) had a significant effect on nurse performance, while work shift (p = 0.082 > 0.05) had no effect. In multivariate analysis, the indirect impact of physical workload on nurses\u27 performance through objective work fatigue showed a significant influence.(p = 0.001 < 0.05) and length of work on nurse performance through objective work fatigue had a significant effect (p = 0.011 < 0.05).
Conclusions: Physical workload and length of work have an indirect effect on nurse performance through work fatigue.
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VocScholar: An AI-Powered Vocational Research Discovery Engine with Semantic Relevance Scoring and Dynamic Taxonomy Mapping
Get PDFAccessing relevant and context-specific scientific literature in vocational education remains a challenge. Generic academic search engines such as Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar often lack domain-sensitive filters aligned with Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) needs. This study introduces VocScholar, an AI-driven platform tailored to improve the discoverability and relevance of vocational research literature, supporting evidence-based practice and policy in TVET.VocScholar integrates transformer-based semantic search (Sentence-BERT), automated summarization, and a novel Vocational Relevance Score (VRS) to enhance search precision. The platform also includes a dynamic taxonomy mapping engine based on national and ASEAN TVET frameworks, enabling contextual classification across domains such as culinary, automotive, animation, and renewable energy. In comparative testing with 50 vocational educators, VocScholar improved research relevance by 43% compared to Google Scholar. The system achieved a System Usability Scale (SUS) score of 87.2, indicating high usability. A real-time research dashboard enabled users to explore geospatial and thematic trends in Indonesian and Southeast Asian vocational research. VocScholar narrows the gap between research and vocational practice through intelligent retrieval and domain-aware indexing. It supports curriculum alignment, cross-institutional collaboration, and national innovation agendas. Future work includes multilingual expansion and deeper integration with policy frameworks such as MBKM and UNESCO-UNEVOC’s digital transformation strategy
Are they ready? A scoping review of early childhood school readiness with a focus on parental involvement and home environment
Get PDFIntroduction: studies identify parental involvement as one of the most influential factors shaping school readiness in young children. This study aimed to describe scientific findings related to school readiness in early childhood, with a particular focus on the role of parental involvement and the home environment.
Methods: this study employed a scoping review from April to May 2025. The database searches included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Education Resources Information Center (ERIC). Eligible studies were published between 2015 and 2025, written in English, and examined preschool children’s school readiness in relation to parental involvement and/or the home environment. Data were extracted based on authors, titles, samples, levels of evidence, locations, and key findings.
Results: the electronic searches yielded 309 articles, of which 40 met the inclusion criteria. This review identified that school readiness encompasses cognitive, socio-emotional, physical, and behavioral aspects, with parental involvement and the quality of the home environment serving as crucial determinants. Parental engagement practices, both at home and in school, have a positive impact on children’s literacy skills and self-regulation. A home environment rich in cognitive stimulation and emotional support further enhances early academic readiness. Variations in the effectiveness of interventions highlight the importance of contextually and culturally responsive approaches.
Conclusions: this study offers implications for the design of more evidence-based and responsive early childhood education programs. Recommend for future research on the specific mechanisms linking parental roles, the home environment, and school readiness across diverse social contexts
Integrated Project-Based Learning (PIL) with STEM and Ethnomathematics “Sipak Rago” and “Lari dan Beku” in Junior High Schools with bibliometric and experiments in Junior High Schools
Get PDFThe PIL model was chosen because it offers the potential to encourage student engagement in constructing Knowledge through investigation and real-world project completion. The real-world projects were embodied in traditional games from Minangkabau and Malay cultures. Sipak rago was chosen as a traditional Minangkabau (Indonesia) game to explore the concept of the surface area of a sphere. Meanwhile, the lari and beku game from the Malay (Malaysia) tradition provided a context for students to understand the relationships between complementary, supplementary, and reflex angles. This study aims to design learning tools using the Project-based Inquiry Learning (PIL) model integrated with STEM and ethnomathematics. A validation study was chosen as it is the appropriate method for this research. The subjects of the study were nine students selected from three different schools in Padang city. The data were collected using interview guidelines, journals, and observation sheets. Data analysis was conducted by transcribing the interviews, reducing the data, presenting it, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that regardless of whether the culture used matches the students’ own culture, they are still able to solve the given mathematical problems. The implication of this research highlights the potential of STEM-based PIL integrated with ethnomathematics as an innovative approach that can be adopted into the national curriculum to enhance students\u27 STEM literacy and cultural identity