Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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The profile of the high school graduate towards the era of education 5.0: A case study
Get PDFIntroduction: The present study aimed to examine characteristics of high school graduates in a context of education 5.0 in Pedernales, Manabí, Ecuador, to promote the integration of technologies in the academic learning process. Methods: The research used a quantitative, descriptive methodology, combining literature review, surveys of high school graduates (n=480) and interviews with education experts.Results: 42% of high school graduates have difficulties with economic resources to access university education, while only 4% consider technology and digital tools a relevant factor in their decision to enter university. These difficulties suggest a critical analysis between the demands of the digital labor market and the perception of graduates on the importance of technological skills.Conclusions: High school graduates face complex decisions ranging from academic program selection to financing options, followed by the low prioritization of technology in educational decisions. Strategies should be implemented to increase awareness of the criticality of Education 5.0 in the context of the global digital economy. The research thus contributes to the literature on preparing the workforce of the future in emerging economies and provides educational policy design adapted to the digital age, highlighting the need to align high school students\u27 perceptions with the technological demands of the labor market
Advances in serological and molecular methods for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis
Get PDFIntroduction: tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious pathology of bacterial origin that is transmitted mainly by air. This disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and its main area of involvement is the lungs. Clinically, tuberculosis can manifest itself from a non-communicable and asymptomatic latent infection (LTBI) to a highly transmissible active disease. An essential aspect to obtain adequate control of the disease is the detection and diagnosis of both infectious and active cases, in order to interrupt the chain of TB transmission.Objectives: to evaluate the usefulness, efficacy and clinical accuracy of the serological and molecular methods currently used to detect latent tuberculosis.Methods: a bibliographic review was carried out using the PRISMA method. Clinical studies and systematic reviews were included, highlighting those with relevant information on the diagnostic advances used in laboratories for the detection of TB.Results: currently, the interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and the tuberculin skin test (TST) are used to establish the diagnosis of TB. However, molecular tests such as GeneXpert MTB/RIF, LAMP, PCR have revolutionized the diagnosis of active tuberculosis by offering significant advances in terms of speed, accuracy and accessibility.Conclusions: tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis include different traditional techniques such as microscopy and culture, as well as innovative molecular and immunodiagnostic tests. However, each of these strategies has its strengths and limitations, so this topic remains a necessary area of research to achieve the eradication of the diseas
Contribution of Reading Comprehension to Cognitive Reserve in Aging: a Scoping Review
Get PDFIntroduction: with the increase in the population within the category of older adults, it is necessary to search for new strategies that ensure healthy aging. This study aims to analyze the relationship between reading comprehension and cognitive reserve in older people, and the degree of cognitive decline.Methods: the PRISMA-ScR criteria were applied to the articles available in the PubMed and Scopus databases, resulting from the use of the search algorithm ["Reserve Cognitive" AND “Language” AND “Reading”] published between 2019 and 2024.Results: from the 8 selected articles, evidence was found that indicated that there is a positive association between cognitive reserve and reading comprehension in older adults.Conclusions: reading comprehension plays a fundamental role in the cognitive reserve of older adults, which allows them to solve complex tasks and acts as a protective factor against deterioration due to aging
Unusual Pathology Presentation, Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma of the Right Calcaneal Bone.
Get PDFIntroduction: tumors that form in the bones of the foot are considered an uncommon or unusual finding in the medical setting. In most cases, the tumors are identified incidentally through imaging studies, and are generally classified as benign, meaning that they are not cancerous and do not pose a significant health risk. However, it is important to exercise appropriate caution, as these malignant bone tumors, which can form in the calcaneus, are particularly aggressive in nature and require specialized care. Lesions that are considered malignant tend to manifest themselves with increased frequency and, when they do, are often accompanied by symptoms such as pain and marked swelling in the affected area. Osteosarcoma is the most common primary non-hematopoietic malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. However, it rarely occurs in the calcaneus and there are only a few case reports in the literature. The aim of the present case report is to learn about the clinical presentation of this unusual clinical and surgical pathology. Case Report: 13-year-old patient presented with mild pain in the right heel for approximately 6 months, which intensified during sports activities. Three hours ago, the patient was playing soccer and the symptomatology was exacerbated. Conclusion: the relevance of a preliminary diagnosis and the early administration of adequate treatment for osteosarcoma in people who experience chronic pain in the heel area is of utmost importance. Furthermore, it underscores the need to consider osteosarcoma as a diagnostic possibility to be considered in adolescents suffering from chronic heel pain, even though this disease is relatively uncommon
The effect of obesity and body composition on cancer risk: a nutritional perspective
Get PDFIntroduction: Obesity is an important risk factor for several types of cancer due to mechanisms such as chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunctions. In Latin America and Ecuador, obesity affects a large sector of the population, including children, which increases the relevance of preventive measures that promote adequate body composition and healthy eating habits. Objective: To analyze the relationship between obesity, body composition and the risk of cancer, in addition to analyzing how nutritional and physical activity strategies can influence its prevention. Materials and Methods: A narrative review was carried out based on 20 scientific articles extracted from databases such as Scielo, PubMed and Google Scholar, published between 2020 and 2024. Studies on obesity and cancer risk were included, excluding those that did not address this relationship. directly. Results: Excess weight increases the risk of cancer in organs such as the esophagus, liver and breast. Diets such as the Mediterranean diet, rich in antioxidants, reduce this risk, while the consumption of processed meats and alcohol increases it. Discussion: Structured physical activity and personalized nutritional interventions are effective in improving body composition and reducing the incidence of cancer. Conclusion: It is crucial to promote healthy lifestyle habits, combining a balanced diet with physical exercise, to prevent cancer and improve quality of life
Psychosocial Rehabilitation of Military Personnel with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: The Example of Ukraine
Get PDFIntroduction: Given the current events of the Russian-Ukrainian war, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common psychological problems among military personnel, which requires the introduction and use of new techniques of psychological rehabilitation.Objectives: The study aims to develop and test a comprehensive programme for psychological rehabilitation of military personnel and determine its effectiveness.Methods: The study was conducted among 30 military respondents diagnosed with PTSD. The experiment used pre-test and post-test data from participants at three different time points: pre-intervention, two weeks post-intervention, and four months post-intervention—main instruments: Military PTSD Checklist and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). For mental health assessment, 3 scientifically validated indicators were used for data analysis: PCL-M, PHQ-9, and GAD-7.Results: The results demonstrate the need to implement a comprehensive psychological rehabilitation programme for military personnel. If, at the beginning of the test, they were diagnosed with PTSD, acute depression and anxiety, then after two weeks of implementing the comprehensive programme, the indicators decreased significantly. After 4 months, the scores rose slightly but not significantly. This demonstrates the relevance and importance of using various activities to support the psychological state of military personnel who have experienced difficult and traumatic periods. Conclusions: The conclusions summarise that recovery from PTSD requires a comprehensive approach that should consider the internal and external characteristics of each patien
Technology and innovative pedagogical strategies in foreign language teaching: e xperience at unesum
Get PDFThis study evaluates the impact of technological tools such as Duolingo and Kahoot on the development of linguistic competencies in foreign language students at the State University of South Manabí. Introduction: the integration of digital technologies in education has transformed traditional methodologies, yet challenges remain in their implementation across educational contexts. Objective: to determine how these platforms enhance grammar, listening comprehension, and oral expression skills compared to traditional methods. Methods: an experimental design was used with 120 students divided into three groups: a control group with traditional methodology and two experimental groups using Duolingo and Kahoot, respectively. Kruskal-Wallis tests and post hoc analyses were applied to identify significant differences. Results: Duolingo proved effective in grammar and listening comprehension, while Kahoot excelled in improving oral expression. The experimental groups significantly outperformed the control group in all evaluated competencies. Conclusions: the use of educational technologies like Duolingo and Kahoot significantly improves linguistic competencies and represents a replicable strategy for challenging educational contexts
The role of soluble CD137 in development of liver cirrhosis among hepatitis B virus infected individuals
Get PDFIntroduction: Viral and tumor management are mediated by the production of CD137 as a co-receptor for T cells. Objective: The purpose of the research is to examine the link between soluble CD137 and the development of liver cirrhosis in HBV-infected people. Methods: Ninety individuals were recruited. A questionnaire was used to collect age and gender information. The serum quantities of soluble CD137, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 in the patients were measured using the ELISA technique. Real-Time-PCR was used to calculate the number of HBV DNA copies (viral load). HBV genotypes were determined using PCR, AST, and ALT levels were determined using a Mindary BS 120TM chemical auto-analyzer. Result: The study found significant positive associations between CD137 levels and TNF-γ (P=0.014/R=0.258) and IFN- (P=0.019/R=0.246), but not with IL-6 (P=0.579/R=0.059). There were no significant negative correlations between soluble CD137 levels and viral load (P=0.495/R=-0.073), IL-10 (P=0.474/R=-0.076), AST (P=0.140/R=-0.157), or ALT (P=0.140/R=-0.111). The highest mean of CD137 was detected in patients with pure genotype D, and the concentration of CD137 dropped as viral load increased. Conclusion: The considerable positive correlations of soluble CD137 with (TNFα- and IFN-γ) and the positive correlation with (IL-6) along with the negative correlations with viral load, AST, ALT, and IL-10 may indicate that CD137 has a beneficial effect on the prognosis of HBV infection. There was significant influence of a specific HBV genotype on CD137 expression.
The Mediation Role of Social Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Performance Between E-CRM Antecedents and Customer Loyalty: A Study of Internet Users in Jordan
Get PDFIntroduction: Electronic Customer Relationship Management (e-CRM) refers to a business strategy that facilitates interaction with customers for enhanced customer satisfacción, customer loyalty of potential customers to the business website .Methods: Aim of this study was to clarify the impact of e-CRM Antecedents with its dimensions (enjoyment, usefulness and usability) on customer loyalty through social CRM was identified and social CRM performance with customer loyalty. The researcher’s development model based on underpinning model, method adopted to achieve the study objectives. the data collection process and the outcome of data analysis. A convenience sample was taken from 500 internet users in Jordan, with valid responses being 448. The study adopted a quantitative method involving statistical analysis, primarily using Smart PLS software. Both statistical and empirical evidences were used to predict actual e-CRM practice and towards end of study.Results: Based on the findings, the study found an impact of E-CRM Antecedents with its dimensions (enjoyment, usefulness and usability) on customer loyalty of the online environment in Jordan, with the results indicating that users have made use of E-CRM relationship management in line with peeling abreast of modern developments in Jordan. Conclusions: The study provides insight into the perceptions of managers concerning the the impact of e-CRM antecedents and customer loyalty of internet users in Jordan, the Jordanian context and identification of additional factors influencing e-CRM is crucial to provide insight into how Social CRM and e-CRM can be enhanced.
Smile-Powered Fitness: Integrating innovative dental care and prosthetics into sports and physical health education programs
Get PDFIntroduction: The role of dental health in enhancing athletic performance and overall well-being remains underexplored, despite its significant impact on systemic health.This study aims to examine how innovative dental care and prosthetics can be integrated into sports and physical health education programs to optimize physical performance and promote lifelong wellness.Methods: We conducted a systematic review using PRISMA methodology on 58 articles; 20 peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2024 were utilized. The selected literature explored interdisciplinary approaches to oral health care in sports, emphasizing preventive care, injury management, and interprofessional collaboration.Results: Findings highlight a growing recognition of the correlation between oral health and athletic outcomes. Poor oral conditions, such as caries and periodontal disease, were linked to reduced stamina, slower recovery, and heightened injury risks. Innovative programs incorporating regular dental check-ups, customized mouthguards, and oral health education showed measurable benefits, including a 65% improvement in athletic performance and a 30% reduction in sports-related injuries. Educational initiatives enhanced participants’ knowledge retention by 85% and improved oral hygiene practices by 70%. The study also looked at different ways to integrate dental care, like mobile dental clinics and partnerships between dentists and coaches.Conclusions: This research underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative strategies to embed oral health into sports and education curricula. By fostering a culture of proactive dental care, institutions can enhance athletic performance and contribute to public health advancements. Future research should address gaps in empirical evidence and provide solutions for diverse populations