Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Managing Resistance for Sustainable Green School Transformation through Green Growth Education
Get PDFThe realization of a sustainable lifestyle has become a global development priority, making environmental issues a primary concern. Schools play a strategic role in achieving this goal through the development of green schools. This study aims to analyze the influence of green growth and school development on resistance management in the implementation of green school initiatives.Method:this study employed a quantitative research design. Data were collected through a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The population consisted of vocational high school development teams across 11 sub-districts, covering a total of 14 schools. A proportionate random sampling technique was applied, resulting in a sample of 168 school planning team members. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS), with all variables passing validity tests.Results:the findings reveal that the development of green schools using Lewin\u27s change theory (unfreezing, changing, and refreezing) proved effective (M=77,658). There is a significant relationship between school development based on Lewin\u27s model and the implementation of green schools (program and learning) on Resistance (p<0.005). However, the changes and developments also generated resistance, largely due to entrenched old habits and concerns over the ability to compete. Another result indicates that green school development can directly lead to resistance.Conclusions:the study concludes that while green school development contributes positively to sustainable education, it also faces challenges of resistance rooted in cultural and behavioral patterns. To ensure effectiveness, the development process requires mediation through comprehensive green school programs involving all school members, particularly teachers and students
Variation in haplotype frequencies of the TAS2R38 gene, associated with the perception of bitter taste
Get PDFIntroduction: Bitter taste perception is a genetic trait that influences food preferences and alcohol consumption behavior. This study investigates the variation in haplotype frequencies of the TAS2R38 gene, associated with sensitivity to bitter compounds, in 26 populations from diverse geographic regions. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are analyzed: rs713598, rs1726866 and rs10246939, which determine haplotypes such as PAV and AVI. Objectives: The objective is to analyze the variation in haplotype frequencies of the TAS2R38 gene, which is associated with bitter taste perception, in 26 populations.Methods: Data from the 1000 Genomes Project were used, analyzing 5,008 genotyped chromosomes from 26 populations grouped into five macro-populations: African, American, East Asian, European and South Asian. Haplotype and diplotype frequencies were calculated, assessing Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by Chi-square test (p<0.05) using R software.Results: The results showed that the overall frequency of TAS2R38 diplotypes is 32% for PAV/PAV, 44% for PAV/AVI and 24% for AVI/AVI. African populations presented a high frequency of PAV/AVI (46.4%), while European populations showed a higher prevalence of AVI/AVI (31.5%). Significant deviations in observed versus expected frequencies were identified.Conclusions: The variation in haplotype frequencies of the TAS2R38 gene reflects evolutionary adaptation to different dietary environments. These findings suggest that bitter taste genetics may influence food preferences and consumption behavio
Genetic and Molecular Tools for the Clinical Diagnosis of Down Syndrome
Get PDFIntroduction: Down Syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, resulting in intellectual disability and an increased risk of congenital malformations. Advances in genetic and molecular diagnostics have improved the accuracy and speed of DS diagnosis, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) and whole exome sequencing (WES).Methods: A systematic narrative review was applied to analyze the most recent genetic and molecular tools applied to DS diagnosis as well as the clinical conceptualization of the disease. The review included sources from the last five years, extracted from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. After critical analysis, 40 articles were selected from an initial total of 72 primary sources.Results: NGS and WES technologies have shown diagnostic sensitivity greater than 99% for DS, with false-positive rates below 0.5%. In prenatal diagnosis, non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) using cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal plasma has achieved detection rates above 98%, reducing the need for invasive methods such as amniocentesis. Postnatally, molecular techniques such as real-time PCR (qPCR) and comparative genomic hybridization arrays (CGH-array) have reduced diagnostic times to less than 72 hours.Conclusions: Genetic and molecular tools, especially NGS, WES, and NIPD, have revolutionized the diagnosis of DS, offering greater precision and speed while minimizing risks. Future research should focus on validating these methods for widespread use, especially in low-risk populations, and exploring the potential of WES to detect comorbidities associated with DS
Probable role of chromosomal polymorphisms in reproductive failure. Findings in the Panamanian population
Get PDFIntroduction: Chromosomal polymorphisms are variations in chromosomes in normal populations, generally affecting heterochromatic regions, which are poor in protein-coding genes. Several international studies associate the influence of chromosomal polymorphisms with pregnancy loss.Objective: To analyze and characterize the frequency and types of chromosomal polymorphisms found in these patients, as well as to explore possible correlations between these variations and the different reproductive disorders observed.Methods: Patients with reproductive disorders who had a polymorphic variant of chromosomes 1, 9, 16, or Y and acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, or 22 were selected. They were analyzed in different groups: recurrent pregnancy loss (I) and infertility (II). Results: Of 549 patients with reproductive disorders, chromosomal polymorphisms were detected in 61 (11%). The most frequent polymorphisms were 1qh-, 9qh+, 21pstk+, inv 9, and 16qh+. The group with recurrent miscarriages presented 45.4% of the most frequently found polymorphisms. Cases of infertility alone accounted for only 24.2%. In both groups analyzed, female patients predominated over males.Conclusions: The percentage of chromosomal polymorphisms found in the study sample is consistent with international reports on this topic. An unusual chromosomal polymorphism of chromosome 1 was found with relative frequency, which could constitute an inherent characteristic of the population studied. Chromosomal polymorphisms of chromosome 9 are the most recurrent finding involved in reproductive disorders
Coping strategies in pregnancy and perinatal period in times of COVID-19
Get PDFThe present study explored the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of pregnant and postpartum women in Quito, Ecuador. A cross-sectional observational study that evaluated the level of perceived stress, the impact on quality of life, and the relationship of these variables with mindfulness practice and sleep habits was conducted with a sample of 447 pregnant women and/or mothers of children under 2 years of age residing in the city of Quito. The results indicated that the regular practice of mindfulness and the maintenance of adequate sleep habits were significantly associated with a lower negative impact of COVID-19 on the psychological well-being of the participants. These findings suggest that promoting these practices could be an effective strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of stressful events such as a pandemic on women\u27s mental health during pregnancy and puerperium
Transformation of Intelligence Technology Learning through the Inquiry-Scientific Problem Based Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Skills
Get PDFThis study examines the effectiveness of the Inquiry-Based Scientific Problem Learning (PBL) model in enhancing cadets’ critical thinking and learning outcomes at the Sekolah Tinggi Intelijen Negara (STIN). Addressing the evolving needs of the intelligence sector, which demands technical expertise and higher-order thinking, the research combines scientific inquiry with PBL to create a comprehensive instructional approach. A quasi-experimental design involved 50 fourth-semester cadets divided into experimental and control groups. Learning outcomes were evaluated through pre-test and post-test assessments, focusing on cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Results showed that using the Inquiry-Based Scientific Problem Learning model, the experimental group achieved significant gains in all areas. Cadets in the experimental group demonstrated enhanced critical thinking and analytical skills in the cognitive domain, increased motivation, communication, and collaboration in the affective domain, and superior practical skills in the psychomotor domain. Statistical analyses, including N-gain, validated the model’s impact. These findings suggest that the Inquiry-Based Scientific Problem Learning model effectively develops intelligent professionals, bridging theory and practice while fostering technical and soft skills crucial in the field. This research supports the need for innovative and adaptive educational methods in specialized and dynamic environments like intelligence education
The Potential of Andean Foods in the Dietary Management of Celiac Disease: Nutritional Benefits and Practical Applications
Get PDFThe study addressed the potential of Andean foods in the dietary management of celiac disease (CD), considering their nutritional benefits and practical applications. A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method, selecting relevant studies published between 2019 and 2024. The research included foods such as quinoa, amaranth, kiwicha, tarwi, purple corn, native potato, sweet potato, and oca, which were analyzed regarding their nutritional composition and viability for a gluten-free diet.
The results showed that these foods exhibited high levels of proteins, fiber, essential minerals, and bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Quinoa and amaranth were highlighted for offering a superior protein profile compared to conventional cereals. At the same time, purple corn and tarwi provided additional benefits due to their anthocyanin and essential fatty acid content.
The study concluded that Andean foods represented a viable and nutritious alternative for individuals with CD, promoting a more balanced and healthier diet. Furthermore, their incorporation into the food industry was recommended through the development of innovative gluten-free products. It was also suggested to continue studies evaluating the bioavailability of these foods and their long-term impact on the intestinal health of celiac patients.singular
Perception of the use of evidence in nursing, primary health care, peñaflor, chile. mixed study
Get PDFIntroduction: Evidence-Based Nursing is essential in Primary Health Care, but its implementation in Chile remains limited. Objective: To identify attitudes, knowledge, skills and perceptions of Primary Health Care nurses regarding the use of this tool in their professional practice. Method: Concurrent mixed study, with nursing professionals from the Doctor Fernando Monckeberg Family Health Center, a universe of fifteen nurses. The Clinical Effectiveness and Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire was applied, an ad-hoc instrument with variables such as age, gender, years of professional practice, internet use, training, and English proficiency. Semi-structured interviews were used for qualitative analysis, with prior signing of informed consent. Results: The fourteen participants (93.3%) were women, mean age 34.5 years, 20% declared training in Evidence-Based Nursing in the last 2 years, 47% applied it in their work environment. In the analysis of the Instrument, the total mean was 5.6. The “Attitude” dimension had the highest score, 6.6. The qualitative analysis established four categories, three meta-inferences: Attitudes towards Evidence-Based Nursing and its impact on Practice, Training and Knowledge, Related Skills and Professional Practice. Conclusion: Attitudes towards Evidence-Based Nursing are favorable, nurses face practical obstacles that limit its application. Adequate training and nursing leadership are essential to overcome these barriers
Fertility Outcomes and Embryo Development in Assisted Reproductive Technology: Conventional vs. Mechanical ICSI
Get PDFBackground: Assisted Reproductive Technology has transformed fertility treatment with new methods such as Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), coming up with innovative ways to improve male fertility. The following paper compares the two ICSI techniques, which are mechanical and conventional, on matters of efficiency in terms of fertilization. To check for fertilization, an established morphological criterion was used. Methods: This study was conducted at a fertility clinic in Bocah, Indonesia, and utilizes a cross-sectional retrospective methodology. The study analyzes four hundred and fifty-eight oocytes from twenty-four patients while focusing on days one, three, and five of fertilization to check for their success. Results: Results reveal that mechanical ICSI does better than conventional ICSI in producing high-quality embryos after fertilization. Mechanical ICSI demonstrated higher precision, reduced oocyte trauma, and improved fertilization rates (68.8% vs. 59.3% on Day 1). The short span of this study means that the success of these methods in facilitating the carrying of long-term pregnancy is not evaluated. It is, however, valuable to note that the study found that despite the efficiency of mechanical ICSI, there are qualms about moving towards large-scale application in fertility clinics due to the high costs involved. Conclusions: This study examined conventional and mechanical ICSI in assisted reproduction including 30 individuals (mean age: 33.37 years). Mechanical ICSI yielded markedly superior-quality embryos on Days 1, 3, and 5. It enhanced embryo preservation and fertilization results, underscoring its potential as a superior strategy for improving embryo quality and fertility success
Enhancing Creative Mathematical Thinking with GeoGebra : A Comparative Study of Secondary School Students
Get PDFDeveloping students\u27 creative mathematical thinking skills is essential for problem-solving and innovation in mathematics education. GeoGebra, as a dynamic geometry software, has been widely used to support conceptual understanding and visualization. However, limited studies have explored its impact on creative mathematical thinking in schools with different characteristics. This study aims to analyze and provide an overview of the improvement in students’ creative mathematical thinking skills using GeoGebra software in schools with different characteristics. This research uses a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design without a control group. The sample consists of 90 eleventh-grade students from three high schools in Padang City. Data were collected through tests of creative mathematical thinking skills and classroom observations. Statistical analyses, including Wilcoxon and t-tests, were conducted to measure the significance of changes in students\u27 creative thinking skills. The results indicate that most aspects of creative thinking skills showed significant improvement, particularly in originality and flexibility, although there was a decline in some aspects, namely fluency and elaboration, in these schools. The Wilcoxon and t-test analyses showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between students\u27 pre-test and post-test creative mathematical thinking scores. Therefore, there is an improvement in students’ creative mathematical thinking skills after learning using GeoGebra. This study demonstrates that integrating GeoGebra into mathematics instruction enhances students’ creative mathematical thinking. The results suggest that GeoGebra can be an effective tool for fostering creativity in mathematics education. Future research should focus on addressing the decline in fluency and elaboration to optimize its implementation