Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Cross-Sector Collaboration Assessment Instrument for Handling Stunting in Gorontalo Province: Indicators, Validity, and Reliability
Get PDFCross-sector collaboration plays a crucial role in addressing stunting by fostering partnerships among organizations from various sectors. This study aimed to develop and validate reliable indicators to evaluate cross-sector collaboration within the stunting reduction program in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. A questionnaire was formulated following an initial qualitative study and administered to 32 members of the stunting reduction acceleration team. The instrument consisted of 10 domains encompassing 95 items. Validity testing confirmed 93 items as valid, while two were excluded. Reliability analysis using Cronbach’s Alpha demonstrated exceptional reliability for the domains of cross-sector role and structure, and cross-sector performance. Six additional domains—including vision and mission, partner profile, resource availability, leadership, communication, and partnership function—showed very good reliability. One domain exhibited good reliability (cross-sector context), and another moderate reliability (need for cross-sector collaboration). The findings offer a comprehensive and validated set of indicators to assess the effectiveness of cross-sector collaboration in stunting management. These indicators serve as a foundation for systematic evaluation, contributing to improved coordination and program outcomes in Gorontalo Province
Effect of Cultural Communication Strategy in Preventing Child Marriage in a Region with Strong Cultural Resistance A Quasi-Experimental Study
Get PDFBackground: Child marriage persists due to strong cultural values, social norms, and ethnic influences, compounded by inadequate strategic cultural communication. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of cultural communication strategies in enhancing knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy in preventing child marriage in a region characterized by strong cultural resistance.Methods: This quasi-experimental study involved 200 Bugis residents in Parepare, South Sulawesi, Indonesia (December 2023-January 2024), using a purposive sampling. Participants were divided into treatment (KP) and control (KK) groups based on previous exposure to child marriage prevention assistance. Inclusion criteria: families with adolescents, living for ≥ 10 years, and willing to participate. KP received educational modules and family mentoring, while KK only received mentoring. Pretest and post-test (after 12 weeks) measured knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, and Wilcoxon tests.Results: The intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and cultural communication compared to the control group at both post-intervention measurements (p < 0.005). Baseline measurements showed no significant differences. Within the intervention group, Wilcoxon tests confirmed significant improvements from pre-test to both post-tests (p < 0.001). The control group showed mixed results, with some variables improving initially but later declining or remaining unchanged, highlighting the intervention\u27s effectiveness.Conclusion: Cultural communication-based interventions with educational modules and mentoring effectively enhance family knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy in preventing child marriage, with a sustained long-term impact
Intelligent gesture interfaces in immersive education
Get PDFIntroduction: intelligent gesture interfaces are transforming immersive education by enabling more intuitive and efficient interactions between students and digital content through bodily movements, especially facial and manual gestures. When integrated with technologies such as augmented reality and virtual reality, these interfaces enhance body perception, information retention, and the understanding of complex concepts, promoting a more active and personalized learning experience. Methods: this study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on Kitchenham’s methodology, structured in planning, execution, and presentation phases. Academic and empirical studies published since 2019 were selected, focusing on the integration of gesture interfaces with artificial intelligence in educational contexts and assessing their effectiveness, applicability, and associated challenges. Results: the findings revealed that these interfaces support student engagement, adapt to individual needs, and strengthen multimodal learning. Technologies such as depth sensors, neural networks, and multimodal systems were identified as enabling more fluid and natural interaction. Despite their potential, technical challenges were noted, including gesture variability, real-time processing demands, and lack of standardization, as well as pedagogical barriers such as curricular integration and learning assessment. Conclusions: it is concluded that intelligent gesture interfaces, when complemented by artificial intelligence, hold strong potential to enrich educational experiences, support personalized and student-centered learning environments, and align pedagogical practice with participatory and constructivist models of education
Perioperative optimization in major abdominal surgery: impact of hemodynamic and metabolic management protocols in patients with critical comorbidities: a systematic review
Get PDFIntroduction: patients with critical comorbidities undergoing major abdominal surgery face elevated risks of complications due to reduced physiological reserve. Hemodynamic and metabolic optimization strategies, including goal-directed fluid therapy and glycemic or nutritional protocols, may improve perioperative outcomes. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of such interventions in high-risk patients.Methodology: a systematic search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library up to May 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials and cohort observational studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool for RCTs and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for observational studies. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data.Results: seventeen studies evaluated hemodynamic and metabolic optimization in high-risk abdominal surgery. Hemodynamic strategies—such as goal-directed fluid therapy guided by cardiac index or stroke volume variation—were associated with reductions in 30-day mortality (15.5% vs. 21.8%, p=0.005), complications, ICU admissions, and length of stay in several trials. However, outcomes were inconsistent across studies, with some showing no significant benefits. Metabolic optimization, including glycemic control and individualized nutrition, improved nitrogen balance, body composition, glycemic targets, and reduced liver dysfunction. Malnutrition was linked to increased complications and prolonged hospital stay. While many interventions showed promising results, variability in study designs and outcomes limits definitive conclusions.Conclusion: hemodynamic and metabolic optimization may improve outcomes in high-risk abdominal surgery, though effects vary. Multimodal strategies targeting fluid balance, glycemic control, and nutrition appear beneficial
Rivers and pools in Tungurahua- Ecuador, are contaminated with superbugs: an alarming reality
Get PDFIntroduction:The pollution of both stagnant and flowing water bodies has emerged as a pressing threat to public health and ecosystems. Freshwater sources are increasingly degraded by unchecked biological, industrial, and agricultural waste, fostering the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria—colloquially termed "superbugs." Among these, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains are particularly alarming. Their resistance to first-line antibiotics complicates treatment of gastrointestinal, urinary, respiratory, and skin infections, driving rising morbidity and mortality rates across Tungurahua Province. This study aimed to detect superbugs in rivers and swimming pools throughout Tungurahua and evaluate their antimicrobial resistance patterns. Methodology:We conducted a descriptive field study combining qualitative and quantitative analyses. Water samples were collected from five rivers and twenty-five swimming pools using non-probabilistic sampling. Results:While fecal coliform levels in rivers complied with limits set by Ecuador’s TULSMA regulations, swimming pools consistently exceeded thresholds. ESBL-producing Klebsiella and E. coli were isolated from rivers, whereas pools harbored a broader range of resistant pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas. These bacteria demonstrated resistance to cephalosporins and aztreonam but retained susceptibility to carbapenems and aminoglycosides—a profile that underscores their public health risk. Conclusions: Our findings reveal severe ESBL-driven contamination in the Cutuchi, Ambato, Ulba, and Pachanlica Rivers, rendering them unsafe for recreation or aquatic life. Only the Verde River remained uncontaminated, supporting its continued use for human activities. Swimming pools, however, function as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant bacteria, threatening both public health and local tourism. Urgent interventions—including enhanced water quality monitoring and targeted public health policies—are needed to curb the spread of these pathogens and reduce infection rates
Secondary cancer risks after breast radiotherapy: A dose-response-based comparative review across modern techniques
Get PDFIntroduction:Even with major progress in radiotherapy for breast cancer, secondary malignancy risks from unintentional radiation exposure to surrounding healthy organs remain a cause of worry, especially in long-term survivors. As survivorship improves, understanding and minimizing these risks is increasingly critical. Evaluating how different techniques impact secondary malignancies can guide safer treatment planning.Objective:The review aimed to identify the optimal radiotherapy techniques and organ-specific dose thresholds associated with secondary cancer risk after breast radiotherapy. The goal was to provide a full dose-risk overview to help in safer and more tailored treatment planning.Methods:The study comparatively evaluated organ-specific dose-response relationships and risk thresholds analyzing data from 24 studies published between 2019 and 2024 using PubMed and Google Scholar databases based on excess absolute risk, excess relative risk, and organ-equivalent dose models. Comparative outcome was performed across four radiotherapy techniques: three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, volumetric-modulated arc therapy, and proton therapy including pencil beam scanning.Results:The analysis found that proton therapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy with deep inspiration breath hold were linked with the lowest risks for organs at risk particularly the heart, lungs, esophagus, and contralateral breast. Younger patients have always higher risk, which emphasizes the need of customized radiotherapy planning. Conclusions:By synthesizing dose–response data and modeling results, it establishes organ-specific risk thresholds and generates technique-based risk profiles.The graphical and tabulated outputs offer practical guidance for treatment planning. Long-term outcome monitoring and patient-specific strategies should be given top priority in future studies
Analysis Work Shifts, Workload and Smoking Habits on Blood Pressure Through Job Fatigue in Lift and Transport Operators of The New Makassar Container Terminal
Get PDFIntroduction: Occupational health disorders, including physical, mental, and cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and hypotension, are increasing due to work factors such as workload, work shifts, and smoking habits, which impact workers\u27 health and productivity. The objective was to assess work shifts, workload, and smoking habits on blood pressure through job fatigue in New Makassar Container Terminal lift operators.Methods: This quantitative study used an analytic observational design with a cross sectional approach, conducted at PT Pelindo New Makassar Container Terminal from September to October 2024, with a sample of 170 operators and data analysis through chi-square test and logistic regression using SPSS.Results: The results showed that work shifts and physical and mental workload had a direct effect on job fatigue, while smoking habits had a direct effect on blood pressure, but there was no direct effect of work shifts and physical workload on blood pressure. In addition, physical and mental workload influenced systolic and diastolic blood pressure through occupational fatigue.Conclusions: For workers, it is important to organize sleep routines, apply ergonomic techniques in physical workload, maintain mental resilience with rest time, and reduce smoking to prevent health risks. For companies, it is important to design a fair work shift system, conduct physical workload analysis with ergonomists, provide psychological support, and establish a clear smoking policy in the workplace
Emotional Regulation of Arab Teachers in Minority and Conflict-Affected Educational Contexts: The Role of the C.A.R.E. Model and School Culture Types in Supporting Teacher Well-Being
Get PDFThis study aims to understand how Arab teachers in Israel, working in tough and often conflict-ridden school settings, manage their emotions. It focuses on how the type of school culture can help support their well-being. These teachers face some pretty unique challenges that can really affect their emotional health and how well they do their jobs. The study combines the C.A.R.E. Model (Cultural Awareness Regulates Emotions) with Quinn and Cameron’s four types of school cultures including Clan, Adhocracy, Hierarchy, and Market to see how the environment influences the ways teachers handle their feelings. The piece stresses how important cultural awareness and emotional resilience and shows how different school cultures can offer varying kinds of support for teachers’ emotional health. Based on research conducted in Arab schools in northern Israel, this work explains how teachers in conflict-affected or marginalized areas can use emotion regulation strategies to better deal with their tough circumstances
Machine Learning in Physical Education, Sports, and Recreation: Opportunities, Challenges, and Ethical Considerations – A Systematic Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, is rapidly transforming the landscape of sports science. It enables more informed decision-making across various sectors, including healthcare, agriculture, and, notably, sports. This study aims to investigate how machine learning can improve athletic performance, injury prevention, and coaching efficacy. Methods: This systematic review utilized a comprehensive search strategy across 510 articles to identify studies focused on machine learning (ML) in the fields of physical education, sports, and recreation. A total of 36 studies met the inclusion criteria and were thoroughly reviewed for their relevance to the outcomes within the search scope. The search commenced in January 2025 and continued through July 2025. It covered several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library. The focus was on publications from 2015 to 2025, using keywords such as “artificial intelligence,” “athletic performance,” “coaching efficacy,” “injury prevention,” and “machine learning.”
Results: The results demonstrate that machine learning significantly enhances athletic performance, injury prevention, and coaching effectiveness. It facilitates tailored training and data-driven decision-making, which lead to improved skill development and rehabilitation outcomes. In the realm of physical education, machine learning supports personalized instruction that increases student engagement. However, challenges remain, including issues with data integrity, high computing costs, and a shortage of expertise. Ethical concerns—particularly related to privacy, bias, and transparency—require immediate attention. While machine learning has the potential to transform both sports and education, it must be implemented appropriately to ensure fairness, accuracy, and accessibility for all users.
Conclusions: The outcome indicates that machine learning enhances physical education and athletics by improving performance analysis, reducing injury risk, and enabling coaches to personalize training. Although there are challenges such as data quality and ethical concerns, the effective use of machine learning can significantly support athlete development. The combination of machine learning with coaching and educational methods fosters inclusive, data-driven strategies that improve skill acquisition, ensure safety, and promote the long-term well-being of athletes
Interconnection of Reverse Engineering Learning with Small and Medium Enterprises: An Inspiration for Impactful Collaborative Product Design
Get PDFThe problem of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia is very comprehensive regarding product design. They have local products but experience constraints in quality and innovation in market competition. Collaborative approaches with universities have been pursued even though they have only been realised through collaborative research. This research aims to apply reverse engineering learning with industry to produce optimal new product designs through Computer Aided Design (CAD). The research method uses research and development with a mixed-method approach, where this research combines the development of a reverse engineering learning model and applies it in the classroom. To solve partner problems, the stage of developing a learning model was carried out by involving seven validators from academia and professionals. Research is also directed to testing the effectiveness of reverse engineering learning models based on industrial products with existing learning models, with a post-test-only control design. The results of testing validators and students in the experimental class showed significant results. Interrater reliability validators agree that the model built is constructive and valid. There were significant differences with the existing learning model at the time of testing. These results reveal that the resulting recommendations in CAD learning provide advantages for universities and SMEs. For students, the reverse engineering learning model based on industrial products can improve their learning outcomes, and for SMEs, it is a recommendation for enhancing the quality and product diversification