Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
Not a member yet
1715 research outputs found
Sort by
Method for the Application of BI in Software Development
Get PDFSmall and medium-sized companies are losing competitiveness due to a deficit in innovation and technological development activities, which limits the expansion of SMEs into new markets, both national and international. The low levels of implementation of business intelligence (BI) systems in Software development SMEs, and the advantages that these good practices would give these companies when implementing it, an agile method for the implementation of BI in companies is presented. software development. The methodology consists of three stages: knowledge of the current state of the market in the region to determine the agile methodologies used, the application of BI methodologies and the main barriers to BI implementation. As a result, an agile method was implemented that allows synchronization between an agile methodology (SCRUM) selected by market conditions, and a BI methodology (CRISP-DM), selected through a comparison that presents advantages and disadvantages. It is concluded that the correct functionality of the components of the method with a software development business case study allowed, in an agile and satisfactory manner, to provide solutions to the requirements raised by the organization
The future insights of AI Applications in Hematology diseases diagnosis and prognosis: Review Article
Get PDFArtificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly altering the field of hematology, providing novel approaches to diagnosis, prognosis, and management of hematological illnesses. AI technologies, including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), allow for the analysis of massive volumes of clinical, genetic, and imaging data, resulting in more accurate, rapid, and individualized care. In diagnostic hematology, AI is transforming blood smear analysis, bone marrow aspirations, and genomic profiling by automating cell classification, detecting anomalies, and discovering critical genetic changes associated with blood illnesses. AI-powered models are also improving prognostic skills by predicting disease progression, treatment response, and risk of relapse in illnesses such as leukemia, lymphoma, anemia, and myeloproliferative disorders. Furthermore, AI applications in precision medicine enable clinicians to adapt medicines based on individual genetic profiles, thereby increasing therapeutic success and reducing unwanted effects. The combination of AI and modern technology such as wearable health monitors and real-time diagnostic tools promises to improve patient management by providing proactive care via continuous monitoring and adaptive treatment options. As AI develops, it has enormous potential in hematology, enabling early identification, optimizing treatment regimens, and ultimately improving patient survival and quality of life. This study investigates the future implications of AI applications in hematology, emphasizing their revolutionary impact on diagnosis, prognosis, and individualized treatment techniques
English Validation Model test for access to Higher Education at Postgraduate Level
Get PDFThis documentary study is conducted through a review of existing models in the validation of the English Language to identify the process of access to higher education at the postgraduate level. It is essential to verify the findings that delimit the purpose of the study and highlight the methodological models with which the country\u27s universities promote decision-making in admission to their postgraduate studies when using the English language as a second language of study between 2024 and 2020. It was essential to establish from 30 studies that highlighted the English validation process according to international validation standards and own processes according to the autonomous models that each university in the country determines found in high-impact databases, applying a deductive procedure to establish its line of research that transcends international levels because it is a lingua franca. Their findings detail the evaluation models used in different English skills, detailing their linguistic and communicative skills. The art review determined how diverse the applications of assessment models and language proficiency can be among postgraduate students.
Improving Grade 11 Learners Conceptual Understanding On Evolution Through Who Wants To Be A Quizizz Millionaire
Get PDFThis study aimed to improve Grade 11 learners\u27 conceptual understanding of evolution through the gamified intervention Who Wants to Be a Quizizz Millionaire. Utilizing a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design, the study compared the performance of an experimental group that participated in the gamified activity with a control group that received traditional instruction. Results indicated a significant improvement in the experimental group\u27s posttest scores (p < 0.001), demonstrating the effectiveness of the intervention. The gamified approach increased engagement, reinforced learning, and simplified complex evolutionary concepts. Thematic analysis of student feedback highlighted key themes such as Engagement, Ease of Understanding, and Reinforcement of Learning, with students expressing enthusiasm and a preference for interactive learning methods. However, challenges such as poor internet connectivity were noted. The study concludes that gamified learning strategies can enhance student motivation, comprehension, and retention, making them valuable tools for teaching challenging science topics. Recommendations include improving technological infrastructure, providing teacher training in gamified strategies, and addressing individual learning needs. Despite limitations like sample size and technological constraints, this research supports the integration of gamification to create dynamic, effective, and enjoyable learning environments in science education
Model for Curriculum Analysis Based on Process and Data Mining
Get PDFThe article addressed the importance of curricular aspects in academic management, highlighting its role in learning and optimizing the curriculum. Student performance was analyzed by studying enrollment, academic progress and risk factors such as dropout, poor performance and failure of subjects. The application of process mining and data analysis made it possible to identify hidden patterns, facilitating pedagogical interventions to improve educational quality.
Key concepts were defined, differentiating between curricular management and data analysis. At the curricular level, successful graduation, student dropout, and strategic curriculum planning were detailed. Regarding data management, predictive analytics was highlighted as a tool for decision-making in higher education.
The study used a quantitative approach, structured in three phases: exploration, design and validation. In the exploratory phase, previous studies on graduation, curricular management and dropout were reviewed. During the design phase, process mining techniques were integrated to evaluate the student trajectory and detect bottlenecks. Finally, in the validation phase, the model was applied in an academic program, demonstrating its effectiveness in detecting curricular problems.
The results indicated that the CRISP-DM methodology was the most used in educational data mining, providing a structured framework for the identification and resolution of academic problems.Keywords: Process mining, curriculum management, data analytics.
Forensic Medical Analysis in Deceased Persons with Ballistic Indications from Firearms in the City of Guayaquil: Case Study from January to June 2024 and its Impact on Clinical Management in Emergency Situations
Get PDFIntroduction: Armed violence represents a significant challenge to public safety and community health, with devastating consequences for both victims and society as a whole.Objective: Statistical analysis of deaths with ballistic evidence from firearms in Guayaquil during the first half of 2024, with the aim of understanding armed violence, and the medical-forensic implications of this type of cases.Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out, with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative), using a descriptive and exploratory methodology. The universe was made up of the cases of deaths in the city of Guayaquil registered in the Criminalistics and Forensic Sciences Laboratory, during the period from January to June 2024Results: There is a universe of 1919 cases reported and investigated by the Criminalistics and Forensic Sciences Laboratory, in the city of Guayaquil, during the period from January to June 2024, of which 1435 met the inclusion criteria, where the average age was 33 years, 89.12% corresponded to males and 10.87% to females; the month of January with 20.83% was the month with the highest percentage of deaths with the use of firearms; according to the medical-legal causes of death, hypovolemic shock 50.38% corresponded to the main cause of death in corpses with the use of firearms that generated ballistic evidence.Conclusions: There is an alarming prevalence of deaths with the use of firearms that generate ballistic evidence in the city of Guayaquil, during the first half of 2024, so, in our opinion, to fight against this criminal modality, more control over arms trafficking is necessary. Doctors as health professionals in Ecuador face this great challenge, so it is imperative to have qualified personnel to control critical situations, and thus provide a possibility of survival
Technologies for teaching the removal of foreign body airway obstruction in children: a scoping review
Get PDFIntroduction: Educational technologies serve as essential teaching tools for laypeople, as they not only provide knowledge but also foster the development of safer practices. However, limited information is available regarding their use in teaching the removal of foreign body airway obstruction in children aged 2–12 years. Objective: To identify the educational technologies used for teaching the removal of foreign body airway obstruction in children. Method: This scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. Were consulted eleven data sources between June and December 2024. The results were synthesized into tables and figures and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Were included 19 studies. Most publications came from Brazil, followed by Spain and the United States. Regarding the study setting, the school environment was the most common (26,3%), with family members (26,3%) and school professionals (15,8%) as the primary target audiences. Concerning the main types of educational technologies, 8 studies (42,1%) focused on non-digital technologies (e.g., practical exercises, simulation, in-person courses, educational books, and calendars), while 11 studies (57,9%) involved digital technologies (e.g., mobile applications, videos, video calls, telesimulation, games, and artificial intelligence). Conclusions: Digital technologies were the most frequently used tools for teaching foreign body airway obstruction removal in children, primarily in school settings and targeting family members
Clinical Simulation as an Effective Methodology in Training Medical Professionals for Patient Safety: Systematic Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Medical errors and damage to the patient\u27s health and integrity are rarely done intentionally. The beginnings of simulation in the training of medical professionals date back to the use of bodies to carry out practices in subjects such as Anatomy. Still, it was not until the 90s that the methodology began to be used for training in patient safety. This article aims to examine the theoretical references of clinical simulation and its contributions to safeguarding the patient in the training of medical professionals. Methods: exploratory systematic review methodology by asking scientific questions. A search was carried out in the updated scientific literature in the information sources Google Academic and PubMed, and keywords in Spanish and English were used. Results: After removing duplicates, 19 articles from 9 countries from the last 10 years were considered for analysis. Articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Discussion: Currently, clinical simulation in medical education as an innovative teaching strategy is essential to teaching clinical practice safely, with the objective of reducing errors in healthcare performance thanks to different simulation scenarios. It is a methodology that allows you to experience actual health events to practice, learn, evaluate, test, or understand human behavior, offering a safe space for constant improvement. Conclusions: Integrating simulation into the medical training curriculum should be a priority for academic institutions.
Nursing ethics in decision-making with palliative patients
Get PDFEthical decision-making by nursing professionals is defined as a sequential process consisting of professional responsibility and moral components, such as moral sensitivity. Objective: To assess ethical conduct in nursing decision-making for palliative patients in an Oncology Hospital. A study was carried out with an observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 52 nursing professionals. The technique used was the questionnaire, one to determine moral sensitivity in the CuSMCE-23 and the other to measure the ability to make ethical decisions Decision Making Questionnaire II. According to the sociodemographic characteristics of the professionals, those aged 31 to 40 years (42.31%) showed a high degree of moral sensitivity. In the ability to make decisions, they reflected adaptation and clarity of criteria and objectives, but not for making a quick decision they considered to have little information. No significant differences were found between the degree of moral sensitivity and ethical decision-making. In conclusion, nursing staff have a high moral sensitivity for the care of palliative patients, however, they consider little information to make a quick decision, this being an essential aspect to guarantee a better quality of care in the face of ethical dilemmas.
Characterization of mortality from cardiovascular diseases: Cuba, 2013-2022
Get PDFIntroduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in Cuba and the world. Statistics management contributes to identifying areas of greater risk and need, allows the effective allocation of resources for the prevention and treatment of these diseases and facilitates the implementation of programs to reduce morbidity and mortality. Objective: To characterize the mortality from cardiovascular diseases in Cuba, in the 2013-2022 decade. Methods: An ecological study was carried out. Statistical health yearbooks published from 2014 to 2023 were reviewed. The gross rates of mortality from heart and brain diseases were considered in all ages, according to sex and years of life potentially lost by those causes. Mortality rates adjusted by age and the number of deaths were taken into account by the main cardiovascular diseases and their distribution by age group. Results: A tendency to increase the gross rates of mortality from cardiovascular diseases was evidenced. Mortality rates adjusted by age showed a similar tendency. Heart diseases stood out as responsible for a greater number of deaths and potentially lost years. Mortality rates for cardiovascular diseases were higher in male sex and the number of deceased increase in correspondence with the increase in age. Conclusions: It is necessary to evaluate and rethink current strategies in cardiovascular prevention and develop new guidelines that guarantee adequate balance between effective primary prevention and quality medical assistance