Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
Not a member yet
1715 research outputs found
Sort by
The Influence of Resource Availability and Organizational Structure on the Effectiveness of Non-Formal Education Programs at the Department of Education and Culture, Kolaka Regency, Indonesia
Get PDFIntroduction: Non-formal education is one of the government’s efforts to improve the skills, knowledge, and independence of the community. However, the effectiveness of program implementation is often influenced by the availability of resources and the organizational structure that supports it. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of resource availability and organizational structure on the effectiveness of non-formal education programs at the Department of Education and Culture, Konawe Kolaka Regency, Indonesia. This research employed a quantitative approach with a survey design. The study population consisted of officials and implementers of non-formal education programs, with a total sample of 396 respondents determined through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression. Results: The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the variable of resource availability obtained an average score of 3.65 (73.08%), organizational structure 3.55 (70.91%), and non-formal education program effectiveness 3.58 (71.67%), all of which were in the medium category. The inferential analysis indicated that resource availability had a significant effect on program effectiveness (t = 4.575; sig = 0.000), as did organizational structure (t = 2.907; sig = 0.006). Simultaneously, both variables contributed 77.6% to the effectiveness of non-formal education programs. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the effectiveness of non-formal education programs in Kolaka Regency, Indonesia, is still at a moderate level and therefore needs to be improved through enhancements in funding, information, delegation of authority, and program sustainability strategies.
Community Awareness of Household Pets Breeding in Zoonotic Diseases Transmission
Get PDFIntroduction: Zoonotic infections are a significant and growing global public health concern. Among the different modes of transmission, family pets serve as a primary source of human exposure to a wide range of infections. Objective: To assess population awareness of zoonotic diseases transmitted by pets. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study was undertaken. The study has 600 participants. The data was gathered using a standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire had a total of 19 questions; sociodemographic data included 5 questions, 11 questions for awareness, and 3 questions for perception.Result: The study was completed by a total of 600 participants. The majority of participants were female (69.8%, n=419) and aged between 12-26 years (77.0%, n=462), with an average age of 24.3 (±4.8) years. The majority of respondents were from Riyadh (64.5%, n=387). Health professionals were much more aware than non-health professionals (76.8% vs. 65.4%, p<0.05). Postgraduates were more aware than individuals with primary or middle school education (97.0% vs. 66.7%, p < 0.05). Only 49.8% of participants were categorized as "aware" overall, indicating a significant knowledge gap in the public. A study of preventative behaviors found that individuals who were aware of zoonotic dangers were more likely to provide veterinarian treatment for their dogs (p=0.001).Conclusion This study emphasizes the importance of increased education, interdisciplinary teamwork, and public health activities in reducing zoonotic hazards linked with domestic pets. By bridging information gaps, we can preserve both human and animal health, encouraging safer and more informed pet ownership behaviors
Key Factors and Practices Shaping Lactating Mothers’ Use of Lactogenic Agents for Infant Health: A Nursing Perspective in Saudi Arabia and Arab Countries
Get PDFIntroduction: Lactogenic agents are used by breastfeeding mothers in Saudi Arabia to enhance milk production, influenced by maternal knowledge, cultural practices, family advice, and professional guidance. Evidence on their use and outcomes is limited.
Objective: To explore factors affecting lactogenic agent use and the role of nursing support in promoting safe, effective lactation practices in Saudi Arabia and Arab countries.
Methods: A systematic search following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, IMEMR, and Arab World Research Source for studies from 2000 to March 2025. Cross-sectional, cohort, quasi-experimental, and mixed-methods studies were included. Data extraction and quality appraisal were independently performed by two reviewers.
Results: Thirteen studies involving ~4,200 mothers aged 18–40 years were included. Exclusive breastfeeding at six months ranged from 20–42%. Herbal galactagogues, mainly fenugreek, anise, and black seed, were most used; pharmacological agents were rare. Determinants of use included perceived milk insufficiency, maternal knowledge and self-efficacy, family advice, social media exposure, delivery mode, and workplace constraints. Nurse-led counseling and structured postpartum education improved maternal self-efficacy and breastfeeding duration. Adverse effects were infrequent and mild.
Conclusion: Lactogenic agent use is widespread, but evidence for efficacy is limited. Exclusive breastfeeding continuation depends on maternal self-efficacy, professional support, and structural factors. Nurses play a pivotal role in providing evidence-based guidance to optimize breastfeeding outcomes
Logging Waste Dynamics and Efficiency under Reduced Impact Logging in Tropical Natural Forests
Get PDFIntroduction: to promote sustainable forest management in the natural forests of West Papua, Indonesia, selective logging systems that incorporate low-impact harvesting techniques such as Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) are being adopted.Objective: to analyze the volume, characteristics, and contributing factors of logging waste generated through RIL-based timber harvesting in two forest concessions.Methods: logging waste was quantified at both felling sites and landing points, with data collected from two concessions.Results: the average estimated logging waste was 0.849 ± 0.095 m³ tree⁻¹ (equivalent to 9.339 m³ ha⁻¹), with 79.82 % (0.684 ± 0.070 m³ tree⁻¹) produced at the felling site and 20.18 % (0.166 ± 0.058 m³ tree⁻¹) at the landing point. Logging waste volume varied between concessions: PT WA generated 0.708 ± 0.053 m³ tree⁻¹ (7.788 m³ ha⁻¹), while PT KH recorded 0.989 ± 0.137 m³ tree⁻¹ (11.868 m³ ha⁻¹). At the felling site, the predominant waste components were stumps (29.74 %) and buttresses (21.40 %), while base ends constituted 15.1% of waste at the landing point. The average logging waste was composed of good-quality wood (4.092 m³ ha⁻¹; 42.79 %), defective wood (3.320 m³ ha⁻¹; 33.32 %), and damaged wood (2.465 m³ ha⁻¹; 24.26 %). Timber harvesting Logging efficiency averaged 85.52 ± 0.01 %, with a felling index of 88.54 ± 0.70 % and a skidding grading index of 96.59 ± 1.30 %.Conclusions: the adoption of RIL improved overall harvesting recovery by 14.4 %, compared to an average of 80.6 % under conventional logging practices
Immersive versus conventional technologies in neuroanatomy teaching
Get PDFIntroduction: The study of immersive technologies in education has gained relevance due to its potential to improve learning. Objective: Compare the perceptions of two groups of students about immersive and traditional learning methods, with the intention of identifying the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Method: A prospective cross-sectional quantitative correlational investigation was carried out. The non-probabilistic sample included 56 students of the degree in Medical Surgeon of the Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), enrolled in the February-August 2024 school year. Two groups of 28 students were considered: one with traditional learning and the other with immersive learning. Structured questionnaires were used to assess information retention, participation, and application of knowledge in simulated clinical scenarios. Results: The traditional group considered it more important to have a good memory to pass (46.43% vs. 39.29% in Group H) and felt that teachers paid more attention to the memorized information. The Immersive group reported less pressure on the quality of work (39.29%) but also perceived a greater workload (39.29%). Both groups mentioned teachers\u27 lack of interest in listening to student opinions and had a mixed perception about understanding the course objectives. There were significant associations between good teaching, clear objectives, generic skills, independence, and overall course satisfaction. Conclusions: The main challenge for university teachers is to develop programs that integrate immersive technologies, which requires economic investment and greater applied research
Risky eating behaviors and body weight in adolescents in northeastern Mexico
Get PDFIntroduction: Risky Eating Behaviors are habits that generally precede an eating behavior disorder. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between Risky Eating Behaviors and body weight in school adolescents from Monterrey, Nuevo Leon.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design, which included 74 adolescents between 12 and 15 years of age. The Brief Questionnaire of Risky Eating Behaviors was used to identify the prevalence of Risky Eating Behaviors. Overweight was determined using the references established by the World Health Organization for body mass index. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 25 statistical package.Results: 20.3% of the adolescents presented a high risk of Risky Eating Behaviors, being more prevalent in females. The most frequent risk behaviors were the use of pills, preoccupation with gaining weight, dieting, excessive exercise, binge eating, feelings of lack of control and fasting. Worrying about gaining weight was the behavior with the highest frequency (23%) in females (p<0.001) compared to males. Furthermore, in adolescents with higher body mass index, an increased relationship was found in the proportion of adolescents with “higher risk” of Risky Eating Behaviors, compared to those in the “lower risk” category.Conclusions: Elevated body mass index was significantly associated with the presence of these behaviors. Therefore, it is important to develop weight control interventions that consider biopsychosocial aspects in order to prevent risk behaviors in adolescents.
Evaluation of prefrontal dysfunctions through self-report and classic neuropsychological assessment
Get PDFExecutive functions (EF) are essential for adaptation to new situations and self-regulation of behavior, and their impairment can seriously affect quality of life. In people with neurological conditions, such as cerebrovascular accidents, these functions are often compromised. This case study analyzes a 58-year-old man with a hemorrhagic stroke, evaluated using two tools: the Ineco Frontal Screening (IFS) and the Inventory of Prefrontal Symptoms (ISP). The IFS results indicated dysfunction in executive functions, specifically in areas related to the ability to abstract. On the other hand, the ISP, which is based on self-report, suggested that the patient did not perceive significant difficulties in his executive functions. The discrepancy between both methods highlights the common tendency to underestimate cognitive difficulties through self-report, influenced by subjective perception of health and neuroanatomical factors. This case highlights the importance of using objective and complementary tools for an accurate assessment of executive functions in stroke patients
Relationship between verbal cognitive inhibition and language development disorder at school: an approach for comparative study
Get PDFThis study explores the relationship between verbal cognitive inhibition (VCI) and Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) in school-aged children. 20 children participated, distributed into two groups: 10 with typical linguistic development (TLD) and 10 diagnosed with DLD. To evaluate VCI, the Stroop test was used, which measures the ability to inhibit automatic responses in a context of cognitive interference. The results showed that, although participants with DLD presented lower performance on reading tasks, their interference index (ICV) was better than that of children with TLD, suggesting that reading ability could be an intervening variable. Statistical analyzes revealed significant differences between groups on inhibition tasks, highlighting the importance of considering variables such as reading ability when interpreting performance on ICV tests. This study contributes to the understanding of the role of cognitive inhibition in DLD and suggests the need for future research that controls these intervening variables for a more precise analysis
Ontological, epistemic and methodological constructions in the undergraduate research of social work students within a Faculty of Health and Social Sciences in Chile
Get PDFIntroduction: Research is a fundamental pillar in higher education, particularly in Social Work, as it facilitates the understanding and transformation of social realities. This study examines the ontological, epistemic, and methodological constructs in undergraduate research in the Social Work program at a private Chilean university. The objective of this research is to analyze the ontological, epistemic, and methodological frameworks in the undergraduate theses of Social Work students (2017-2022) to improve research training and professional preparation.Method: A descriptive-exploratory documentary analysis of 71 theses was carried out, categorizing the constructs into ontological, epistemic, methodological, and ethical dimensions. The data were evaluated through content analysis and grounded theory, ensuring confidentiality and compliance with Chilean data protection legislation.Results: Ontological constructs predominantly followed a comprehensive-interpretive approach (85.92%), while epistemic frameworks were mostly phenomenological (76.05%). Methodologically, semi-structured interviews (52.11%) and in-depth interviews (28.17%) were the most used. Ethical constructs were often based on informed consent, but 76.05% lacked adherence to formal ethical codes.Conclusions: The research highlights a focus on qualitative methodologies, emphasizing phenomenological and interpretive frameworks. To advance social work research, it is essential to incorporate quantitative and mixed methods. Strengthening ethical adherence and methodological diversity is critical to developing strong research competencie
Relationship Between Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events Score in Patients with Non-St Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Get PDFIntroduction: One of the main causes of hospitalization and death is NSTE-ACS. A GRACE risk score tool specifically designed for risk stratification of acute coronary syndrome patients is needed. The GRACE score has limitations related to the uncertainty of atherosclerotic plaque rupture and difficulty in predicting. GDF-15 is one possibility that is necessary because the results depend on an assessment of risk at a point in time. Elevated circulating levels of GDF-15 are associated with poor prognosis in many acute and chronic conditions including heart disease. Research linking GDF-15 with GRACE scores is limited and requires further study. analyze the relationship between GDF-15 and GRACE Score in NSTE-ACS patients. Methods: Analytical observational study with a cross-sectional method, 37 subjects were taken at Airlangga University Hospital in july-November 2024. GDF-15 levels were measured using the ELISA method using a Bio-rad reader. Analysis used the SPSS 25 series Spearman test. Results: subjects (n=40) were predominantly aged 60.98±8,592, 70% male, and 67.5% had a history of hypertension. The median GDF-15 level was 574.53 with a minimum level of 77 ng/L and a maximum of 2913 ng/L, the mean GRACE score was 95.65±18.307 with the highest score of 147. Statistical analysis showed a strong relationship between GDF-15 and the GRACE (contingency coefficient 0.724 with p 0.001). Conclusions: GDF-15 can be used as an alternative additional marker in GRACE score assessment.