Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Design and evaluation a mobile augmented reality to enhance critical thinking skills for vocational high schools
Get PDFThis study aimed to examine the impact of mobile augmented reality (MAR) implementations on critical thinking in vocational high school students. This study employed quantitative methodology, particularly quasi-experiment with a pre-experiment method. 120 vocational high school students, who have enrolled the accounting lesson in Class X, were examined to obtain answers to the two research questions. The findings indicate that students in the experimental class, who utilized the AR in their learning process, had significant enhancements in their critical thinking skills compared with the control class. This improvement illustrates that the implementation of AR has potential to promote the critical thinking skills of the students. To better understand these results, this study also examines the enhancement of critical thinking skills based on the six indicators of critical thinking skills—interpretation, analysis, conclusions, evaluations, explaining, and self-regulations. By comparing each indicator of the critical thinking skills, there are differences between both the experimental and the control class. The experimental class showed enhancement in all indicators but with significant improvement in conclusions, evaluations, and explaining. More crucially, through the learning process, implementation of AR technologies also instills the aspect of developing critical thinking skill
State of Drowsiness in people with diabetes mellitus II in Mexico City
Get PDFIntroduction: drowsiness is the tendency of a person to fall asleep when faced with any event and may be associated with high blood glucose levels. Objective: to know the state of sleepiness in people with type II diabetes mellitus in Mexico City and if it is a symptom of high glucose levels or lack of control of their diabetes mellitus.Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in adults with type II diabetes mellitus in Mexico City. The state of global sleepiness was measured using the Epworth Scale, valid in the Mexican population, which evaluates the probability of nodding off or staying asleep. asleep in everyday life situations, with a scale from 0 to 3. Regarding ethical aspects, the Declaration of Helsinki and the General Health Law were considered.Results: from April to July 2024, 93 people with type II diabetes mellitus were studied. The average age was 67 years, 76,3 % were female, 33,2 % were widowed and 32,3 % were married. 44,1 % of older adults with DM have excessive sleepiness. People with diabetes mellitus with a sleepiness scale greater than normal are people who have high glucose levels (>/131 mg/dl), with a PR=1.3 and a Fep=0.23Conclusions: excessive sleepiness can be a symptom of high blood glucose levels. Therefore, the nursing professional must carry out an intervention on sleep hygien
Multimodal Preventive Strategy Against Dementia in Older Adults in Chile
Get PDFIntroduction: dementia is a growing problem throughout the world, and Chile is no exception. With a greater impact among elderly people. Objective: discover how a multimodal intervention can benefit older people in preventing dementia. Methodo: study with pre-diagnosis and post-evaluation. Strategies are combined to address the problem comprehensively: cognitive therapies, adapted physical exercise, emotional and social support, among others. Participants 20 older people with no history of cognitive impairment from a commune in the Araucanía region. Results: limited knowledge about dementia prevention and concern about future cognitive decline. The most frequently expressed risk factors for dementia are alcohol abuse, not playing mind games, having depression, and not doing physical exercise. Categories emerge from the qualitative phase; Knowledge of dementia, Knowledge of dementia prevention, Community culture of dementia care, Experience in the intervention and Satisfaction of the experience. Conclusions: highlights the urgent need for specific preventive and educational interventions and implement programs. These programs must be adapted to the specific needs and characteristics of the population, considering cultural, socioeconomic and access to health care factors. It is important to provide the community with practical tools and resources to maintain cognitive health and reduce the risk of developing the disease
Lived experience of patients who are victims of motorcycle traffic accidents treated in hospitals in Managua, Nicaragua
Get PDFIntroduction: traffic accident victims experience changes ranging from mild to moderate and severe in their daily lives from the moment the event occurs, resulting in an adjustment due to the personal and social/family impact generated. Objetive: the objective of this study was to explore how they construct and make meaning of their reality based on their lived experience.Methodology: a qualitative research study was conducted under the constructivist paradigm with a phenomenological approach, based on Van Manen\u27s hermeneutic phenomenology. The aim was to understand the lived experience of 10 hospitalized patients due to traffic accident injuries, in terms of their Lived Body, Lived Time, Lived Human Relationships, and Lived Space.Results: motorcycles were the vehicles involved in all the accidents. Victims suffer physical and psychological impacts, feeling vulnerable and powerless when confronted with their altered bodies, the limitations they perceive in the moment, and those they fear for the future. Families are also affected psychologically, economically, and in terms of work. Medical attention was directed towards physical and functional aspects.Conclusion: understanding the lived experiences of patients who are victims of traffic accidents allows for the identification of areas for improvement to strengthen prevention measures and comprehensive care for victims and their families. A more holistic approach is needed that includes psychological support for the affected individuals and their families
The Study on the Discussion of Women’s Marriage Issues under the Marriage and Family Concepts of the Republic of China
Get PDFIntroduction: The Republic of China has experienced significant changes in its marriage and family systems, with traditional Confucian values dominating. Legal reforms, social modernization, and cultural shifts have challenged these conventions, leading to debates about women\u27s rights, marriage autonomy, and family dynamics. This research, analyzed the historical context of women\u27s marriage in the Republic of China, revealing the influence of cultural norms, socio-legal frameworks, and gender expectations on women\u27s experiences and challenges.Objective: The study highlights the evolution of marriage laws, the impact of Confucian principles on gender roles, and societal pressures faced by women. The study provides insights into the in progress dialogue about the rights of women and family dynamics during the Republic of China era. Method: Data from the china general social survey examines how perceptions of gender, job security, and work flexibility influence work-family conflictsand marriage issues, purposely job intrusive with family and family intrusive with job. 350 participants were collected aged 22 to 27. This study investigated the Statistical techniques. Tools included a multiple linear regression analysis, paired T-test, and a chi-square test. Result: The comprehensive analysis reveals the tension between familial expectations and career aspirations among contemporary Chinese women also contributes valuable insights into gender roles, work-family balance, and the evolving nature of women\u27s rights and societal expectations.Conclusion: This study contributes valuable insights into the nature of women’s rights and social expectations in the Republic of China era and beyond, emphasizing the significance of understanding gender dynamics in the circumstance of marriage and famil
The role of vitamin d receptor gene polymorphisms in obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFIntroduction: Obesity has become a major global issue since it can increase the risk of fatal disease. Genetic variation in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is a potential candidate for obesity, though findings are inconclusive. Objectives: This meta-analysis aims to determine the association between VDR polymorphisms and obesity risk.Methods: All relevant studies from 1990 to January 2024 were screened using PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus. This meta-analysis included studies meeting PROSPERO-registered eligibility criteria. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for six VDR gene polymorphisms (BsmI, FokI, TaqI, ApaI, and Cdx2) were generated using RevMan 5.4.Results: This meta-analysis included 23 studies with 5715 obese/overweight and 4887 non-obese individuals from China, Malaysia, Egypt, Turkey, India, Iran, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Czech Republic, Greece, USA, Denmark, Hungary, and Belgium. The findings show an association between VDR ApaI polymorphism and reduced obesity risk in homozygous models [aa vs. AA: OR=0.76, CI=0.60-0.97; P=0.03]. The TaqI variant is linked to increased obesity risk in Europeans under allelic [t vs. T: OR=1.33, CI=1.11-1.60; P=0.002], homozygous [tt vs. TT: OR=1.68, CI=1.13-2.50; P=0.010], dominant [tt vs. TT+Tt: OR=1.47, CI=1.07-2.03; P=0.02], and recessive [Tt+tt vs. TT: OR=1.43, CI=1.08-1.89; P=0.01] models.Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests the aa genotype of VDR ApaI polymorphism may protect against obesity across populations. In Europeans, the t allele of VDR TaqI polymorphism is identified as an obesity risk facto
Impact of phytoestrogen use on the quality of life of perimenopausal or postmenopausal women in Sinaloa, Mexico
Get PDFIntroduction: menopause causes clinical symptoms that significantly impact women’s quality of life. Phytoestrogens, such as soy isoflavones, have been studied as treatment for climacteric syndrome, showing improvements in vasomotor and psychological symptoms.Objective: to determine the impact of the use of phytoestrogens (soy isoflavones) on the quality of life of women with perimenopause or postmenopause at Family Medicine Unit No. 55 of the Mexican Social Security Institute in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. Method: a randomized clinical trial was conducted with 44 women aged 45 to 60 with climacteric symptoms. Participants were assigned to an experimental group (EG), which received 50 mg of soy isoflavones every 24 hours, and a control group (CG), which received a placebo for 12 weeks. The Menopause Rating Scale was applied before and after the intervention to evaluate somatic, psychological, and urogenital symptoms. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: supplementation with soy isoflavones in the EG showed significant improvements in overall quality of life (Cohen d = 1,54), as well as in the somatic (d = 1,52) and psychological (d = 1,10) subscales, indicating a large effect (d > 0,80). However, the urogenital dimension showed no significant effect (d = 0). The CG experienced a significant deterioration in these subscales. Conclusions: soy isoflavones significantly improved the quality of life of women in perimenopause and postmenopause in the somatic and psychological dimensions, showing a large effect. No changes were observed in the urogenital dimensio
Improving Students’ Mathematical Connections in Linear Programming through a GeoGebra-Supported Local Learning Design Based on Realistic Mathematics Education
Get PDFIntroduction: Students often struggle to develop mathematical connection abilities in linear programming due to its abstract nature and procedural teaching methods. While Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and Local Instructional Theory (LIT) offer structured learning trajectories, and GeoGebra provides dynamic visualization, their integration into a cohesive learning design for linear programming remains underexplored.Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a GeoGebra-supported local learning design grounded in RME to improve students\u27 mathematical connection abilities in linear programming.Method: A design-based research methodology was employed, involving iterative development and testing. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was used to assess effectiveness with 68 undergraduate mathematics education students. The experimental group (n=34) received instruction via the developed learning design, while the control group (n=34) received conventional instruction. Data were collected using a Mathematical Connection Ability Test (MCAT), observations, and questionnaires.Results: The expert validation showed high scores for content validity (M=4.64), construct validity (M=4.51), and practicality (M=4.17). Quantitatively, the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group in post-test scores (t(66)=5.94, p<.001) with a large effect size (Cohen\u27s d=1.45), demonstrating a greater improvement in connecting concepts to real-world contexts and within problem-solving processes. Qualitatively, students valued the contextualized approach and GeoGebra\u27s interactivity for facilitating deeper understanding.Conclusions: The GeoGebra-assisted LIT based on RME significantly enhanced students\u27 mathematical connection abilities. The study proposes an effective, integrated instructional design for linear programming and recommends future research to optimize time allocation and extend the model to other mathematical topics.Key Words: Mathematical Connection Abilities; Realistic Mathematics Education; Local Instructional Theory; GeoGebra; Blended Learning.
Designing RME-based learning trajectory with the context of ethnomathematics of Rumah Gadang Minangkabau using augmented reality
Get PDFIntroduction: the integration of cultural context and educational technology is essential to enhance students\u27 engagement and understanding in mathematics. This study aims to design and implement a Realistic Mathematics Education (RME)-based Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) supported by Augmented Reality (AR), using ethnomathematics in Rumah Gadang (Big House) as a contextual foundation.Method: this study used a mixed-method approach combining ethnography and design research. An ethnographic exploration of Rumah Gadang (Big House) in West Sumatra identified mathematical ideas embedded in its architecture. These findings informed the design of a Realistic Mathematics Education (RME)-based Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT), enhanced with Augmented Reality (AR). The HLT underwent formative evaluation through expert review and one-to-one evaluation. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively to assess validity and practicality.Results: the RME-based HLT enabled students to construct mathematical understanding progressively through familiar cultural contexts, such as Rumah Gadang (Big House) staircases and traditional ornaments. The integration of AR significantly increased student engagement, facilitated the visualization of abstract concepts, and supported collaborative learning. Teachers reported improved lesson planning and student participation, while students demonstrated enhanced mathematical reasoning and motivation.Conclusions: designing HLT using RME principles and delivering it through AR creates a powerful synergy that connects abstract mathematical concepts with students\u27 real-world experiences. This approach not only improves cognitive outcomes but also strengthens students’ cultural identity and appreciation. The study suggests that the combination of pedagogy, culture, and technology can transform mathematics education into a more meaningful, inclusive, and engaging experience
Exploring Prospective Teachers’ Perceptions of Teaching Creativity through Microteaching Lesson Study: Impact on Professional Development
Get PDFIntroduction: teaching creativity is essential in capturing students’ attention and creating an effective learning process. This study aims to explore prospective teachers’ perceptions of creativity in teaching through microteaching lesson study experiencesMethods: the research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach involving several pre-service teacher education students participating in a microteaching and lesson study program. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis, then analyzed using thematic techniques. The results show that prospective teachers perceive teaching creativity as the use of innovative methods, adaptation to students’ needs, and the ability to develop engaging learning materials. They also feel that microteaching and lesson study help improve self-confidence, self-reflection, and collaboration in developing creativity.Results: these findings highlight the importance of collaborative practice-based experiences in shaping prospective teachers’ perceptions and creative skills. Conclusions: the conclusion of this study is that microteaching experiences based on lesson study are effective in building positive perceptions and creative teaching skills among prospective teachers