Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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3D Printing-Assisted Surgical Planning Versus Traditional Methods in Complex Liver Resections: A Systematic Review
Full text linkIntroduction: Surgical resection remains a primary treatment for liver diseases, requiring precise preoperative planning due to the liver\u27s complex anatomy. Traditional imaging techniques like CT and MRI provide essential information but have limitations in spatial visualization. The emergence of 3D-printed liver models (3DPLMs) offers a novel approach to improving surgical planning and outcomes. Objective: This systematic review critically evaluates the outcomes of 3D printing assisted surgical planning versus traditional methods in complex liver resections. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, yielding 11 studies that met inclusion criteria. Data extraction focused on surgical planning accuracy, strategy modification, outcomes, and educational value. Results: 3DPLMs improved surgical planning accuracy, with studies showing significant changes in surgical strategies in 16.7% to 68% of cases. Enhanced tumor detection rates, particularly for lesions ≤10 mm, were observed, improving pathological matching and staging. While 3DPLMs did not consistently reduce operative time or complications, they facilitated more precise resection proposals. Educationally, 3DPLMs increased satisfaction, comprehension, and surgical planning skills among trainees, outperforming traditional and virtual methods. Conclusion: 3DPLMs enhance surgical planning accuracy, modify strategies, and improve educational outcomes in complex liver resections. Despite mixed impacts on intraoperative outcomes, their utility in preoperative planning and education is evident, warranting further exploration
Septal extensor 2024 with costal cartilage: the use of aesthetic parameters and dynamics, in primary Rhinoplasty, an advanced surgical technique of the nasal tip
Full text linkAdjusting the lower third of the nose can be considered the most complicated part of nose surgery. The caudal septal edge is usually located behind the nasal spine without direct contact; Additionally, thick skin contributes to limited definition of the nose, especially at the nasal tip. Repairing these problems and their consequences represents a genuine challenge for the cosmetic surgery surgeon, especially considering the importance of correcting imperfections in the bone and cartilaginous structure of the nose, including alterations in the nasal cartilages themselves, such as the partial or complete lack of the same, which may be the result of a process of absorption or necrosis of the tissues. The purpose of this document is to explain the use of costal cartilage as implant in the nasal tip during a primary rhinoplasty as part of aesthetic surgery of the nose, with the purpose of supporting an innovative technique called Septal Extender 2024. A novel surgical technique is presented and also carried out a retrospective descriptive analysis by reviewing medical records, surgical procedures for primary nasal tip rhinoplasty with Septal extender 2024
The Mirror Class as a method for the internationalization of the curriculum in higher medical education: An analysis of an experience between Ecuador and Bolivia
Full text linkIntroduction: Internationalization in higher education is a key strategy for institutional development, facilitating research, international cooperation, and academic exchange. Mirror classes, which gained popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic, are a learning modality that connects students and teachers from different universities through synchronous sessions supported by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Objective: The article aims to share the experience and reflections on the implementation of a Mirror Class between the Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo (USGP) in Ecuador and the Universidad Privada Domingo Savio (UPDS) in Bolivia in the Pharmacology course, as a modality for the internationalization of the academic curriculum in higher medical education. Methods: A descriptive, non-experimental research with a qualitative approach was employed. The theoretical modeling method and the empirical-analytical methodology, based on argumentation and observation, were used. Voluntary testimonies from students and teachers were collected from the conclusions of the activity and documented in recordings of the Mirror Class. Results: The Mirror Class was implemented in the Pharmacology course between USGP and UPDS, with theoretical and practical activities. Students worked together through virtual platforms to solve clinical cases, promoting collaborative learning. Despite challenges such as differences in students\u27 training levels and connectivity issues, the results were positive, with notable strengthening of competencies and participants\u27 motivation. Conclusions: The Mirror Class proved to be an effective modality for the internationalization of the curriculum, benefiting all participants and allowing the development of global competencies in future health professionals. It is crucial to continue implementing this methodology in different courses to promote the formation of homogeneous profiles with global perspectives in medical education
Bioethics in medical education: Exploring the hidden curriculum, Systematic Review
Full text linkIntroduction: The term Bioethics was coined by the North American oncologist Van Rensselaer Potter, in 1970, based on the growing interest in reflection and debate about the ethical and moral values linked to the professional practice of health sciences. Within medical education, bioethics plays a predominant role, not only due to its inclusion in the formal curriculum, but also due to its presence in what Philip W. Jackson in 1970 defined as "hidden curriculum", which refers to the non-explicit lessons that medical students learn through institutional culture, the attitudes and behaviors of their professors and peers in their educational environmentsObjective: Explore the definition, components, determinants and influence of the hidden curriculum in medical education and its relationship in the bioethical training of health professionals.Methods: A systematic review was carried out with PRISMA methodology in different databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, including original scientific articles and systematic review, the following keywords were used: Bioethics, hidden curriculum, medical education, medical students. medicine.Results: Through the analysis of the selected articles, three thematic axes were addressed: bioethics, the hidden curriculum and the influence of both in the training of health professionals.Conclusions: The hidden curriculum in the training of medical bioethics is composed of norms, values and practices not explicitly taught intentionally; this can profoundly influence the internalization of ethical principles by students.
Incidence of malnutrition in people with celiac disease in Ecuador. A diagnostic study
Full text linkCeliac disease (CD) is an enteropathy caused by an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten exposure in genetically susceptible individuals. In CD patients, autoantibodies attack proteins in the intestinal tissues and create damage to the intestinal villi resulting in malabsorption of nutrients and maldigestion. Undiagnosed and untreated CD can lead to severe malabsorption and malnutrition. A diagnostic epidemiological study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of malnutrition in adults and children with CD in Ecuador. In total, 35 CD patients were eligible and body mass index (BMI) was determined. The study cohort was separated into 3 age groups and BMI was compared with indicators of undernutrition reported in the National Health and Nutrition Survey of Ecuador. The participants in the study were interviewed to determine the degree of information and awareness of the importance of the gluten-free diet for their health status. We detected an increased trend in the incidence of malnutrition in celiac disease patients at pediatric ages, and increased awareness of the importance of the gluten-free diet in adults. Nutritional evaluation of CD patients is essential in pediatric ages to achieve a more effective management of these patients and to avoid the consequences of malnutrition in early stages of life
Forming the value of a healthy lifestyle among students through mathematical problems
Full text linkIntroduction: Mathematical skills are of great importance since they foster critical thinking, problem-solving, and logical reasoning. Mathematical competence focuses on enabling students to apply mathematical concepts in real-life contexts, particularly to form the value of a healthy lifestyle. Objective: To study the possibilities of shaping the student\u27s value of a healthy lifestyle and health-preserving competence through integrating mathematics problems into the educational process.Methods: To achieve the research\u27s aim, experimental research design was applied. The experiment involved 23 instructors from different regions of Ukraine who taught mathematics in the 5th grade. A total of 404 students participated in the study, with 250 forming the Experimental Group and 154 forming the Control Group. The intervention phase lasted 12 weeks and included 7 mathematics topics. The method of descriptive statistics was selected for data analysis.Results: Various teaching strategies are used in the mathematics classroom for the formation of the value of a healthy lifestyle. Students consider video-based activities and problems the most exciting and engaging. At the same time, text activities are found to be less effective in the mathematics classroom. Besides, the experiment demonstrated that students remembered the educational information better when they solved mathematics problems in the classroom and were engaged in active or interactive activities. Using mathematics to form the value of a healthy lifestyle offers several advantages and challenges. Conclusions: The results have significant implications for secondary education improvement and student developmen
Update on Alternative Methods for the Management of Dysmenorrhea: A Narrative Review
Full text linkIntroduction: The term dysmenorrhea originates from the Greek words "dis" (difficult), "men" (month), and "rheo" (flow), which together mean "difficult menstrual flow." However, it is commonly used to refer to painful menstruation, a common gynecological issue that can affect women of reproductive age. This condition is characterized by intense abdominal and pelvic pain during menstruation, impacting women\u27s daily activities.Objective: To update alternative methods for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea that improve the health and quality of life of women of childbearing age.Methods: A narrative review was conducted, initially considering 1574 scientific articles, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to select 33 publications from the last 6 years. These publications were sourced from major databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, SciELO, and Google Scholar, focusing on alternative methods for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.Results: Ten articles were analyzed, presenting the main results on the effectiveness of exercises, massages, vitamin supplements, electrostimulation, and sleep changes to relieve menstrual pain.Conclusions: The review explores alternative methods to treat dysmenorrhea, highlighting the lack of protocols in Latin America and empirical studies in Ecuador. It analyzes non-pharmacological practices and emphasizes the importance of education in self-care and holistic approaches
Relationship between genes pela and biofilm density in clinical isolates pseudomonas aeruginosa
Full text linkIntroduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes major infections in patients with weak body defense mechanisms. The pelA gene encodes the Pel polysaccharide for the production of cationic charged polysaccharides, and expression of the polysaccharide-encoding locus (pelA) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is essential for biofilm formation.Objective: Analyzing the relationship between the pelA gene and biofilm density in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Method: Analytical observational research design with consecutive sampling, a total sample of 33 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pelA gene was detected using a PCR tool (SimpliAmpTMThermal Cycler) and biofilm density examination was examined using a BioRad iMark Microplate Reader.Results: Thirty-three clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, the results of pelA gene detection showed that 31 (93.9%) isolates were positive for the pelA gene and 2 (6.1%) isolates were negative for the pelA gene. The results of the biofilm density examination showed that 4 (12.1%) clinical isolates did not produce biofilm, 10 (30.3%) clinical isolates had weak biofilm production, 13 (39.4%) clinical isolates had moderate biofilm production, 6 (18.2%) isolates had strong biofilm production. The pelA gene has a relationship with biofilm density (p = 0.011) with moderate relationship strength.Conclusion: The pelA gene was moderately associated with biofilm density in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This suggests that the pelA gene plays an important role in biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains which may contribute to its pathogenic properties, especially in patients with weakened immune mechanisms
Role of Learning Approaches and Reflective Thinking on Academic Performance among Nursing Students
Full text linkIntroduction: One of the most crucial metrics for assessing education is academic achievement. Students\u27 academic performance is known to be influenced by a number of factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with nursing students\u27 good academic achievement. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 168 male and female students chosen from various nursing faculty levels at Prince Sattam Bin Abdualziz University. Students\u27 grade point average, the Reflective Thinking Questionnaire, and the Revised Study Process Questionnaire were used to gather data directly from the students. A student was considered to have great academic accomplishment if their cumulative final grades over time had a high average value.Results: The results showed that excellent academic achievement was present in 77.4% of the overall student body. While body mass index was the only independent negative predictor of higher academic achievement (0.049), students\u27 learning approaches, reflective thinking, and lack of chronic disease were statistically significant independent positive predictors of higher academic achievement.Conclusions: According to the study\u27s findings, there was a highly significant statistical relationship between students\u27 academic accomplishment and their learning strategies and reflective thinking. Higher academic achievement is positively predicted by students\u27 learning styles, introspective thinking, and lack of chronic illnesses
Clinical simulation in nursing, challenges, strategies and opportunities for competency development
Full text linkIntroduction: clinical simulation has been highlighted as a key strategy in the training of professionals, since practical learning and skills improvement are fundamental for a safe and effective practice; therefore, this study seeks to describe how this methodology allows the development of competencies in nursing professionals during their undergraduate academic training.Methods: a literature review was conducted under a qualitative approach with a descriptive design in databases such as Medline, Scielo, Pubmed and Google Scholar; with a sample of 30 articles using search terms such as clinical simulation, nursing, opportunities, strategies with AND and OR operators. The selection of articles was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as inductive analysis.Results: clinical simulation has established itself as an essential methodology in academic and professional training, backed by ample evidence that demonstrates its effectiveness in the development of both generic and specific competencies. Health students are the main beneficiaries of the services offered by clinical simulation.Conclusions: clinical simulation significantly enhances education, training and management in the healthcare sector. These digital solutions enable accessible and flexible continuing education, optimizing the teaching-learning process. It also expands opportunities to customize and diversify educational scenarios, promoting a more inclusive education aligned with the demands of the health system