Revistas Académicas de la Universidad Gabriela Mistral
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    457 research outputs found

    Por una Historia Ambiental: las relaciones socio-ambientales en cuentos populares tardomedievales eslavos y escandinavos.

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    This work, part of my final degree project, is conceived from the perspective of Environmental History. The intention of this article is to give an account of the relationship between natural conditions (present in the Arctic Circle) and social and wonderful values ​​(in this case, the concept of death) in Russian folk tales collected by Afanasiev and in the Kalevala, collected by Lönnrot in Finland. Accompanying the comparative analysis are historiographical reflections on the role of Environmental History.El trabajo aquí presentado muestra un fragmento pensado dentro de la tesis final de carrera de grado. En este sentido evidencia la predominancia del método comparativo, sus fuentes y parte de las conclusiones de la misma. Sostenemos que las condiciones naturales son determinantes para las concepciones sociales. Las fuentes que recuperaremos serán los cuentos populares Morozko y parte del Kalevala. Se analizarán los elementos propios de cada cuento atendiendo a la Historia Ambiental y la historia comparada. La intención de este artículo es dar cuenta de la relación entre las condiciones naturales y los valores sociales y maravillosos en cuentos popular ruso Morozko (recopilados por Afanasiev) y en el Kalevala, (recopilado por Lönnrot en Finlandia). Entendemos por condiciones naturales la especificidad de las regiones que pertenecen al círculo polar ártico. Y comprendemos, entre todos los valores sociales y maravillosos, que el predominante encontrado en las fuentes es la concepción acerca de la muerte —en específico la muerte producida por el frío—. La relación establecida entre las condiciones naturales y los valores sociales será acompañada con el análisis comparativo entre las dos fuentes ambientadas en sus respectivas regiones, así como de algunas reflexiones historiográficas acerca del rol de la Historia Ambiental. Concluiremos afirmando que el miedo a la muerte por frío está condicionado por las características naturales dadas por pertenecer al círculo polar ártico. Estas dimensión geográfica, climática y geomorfológica es lo que nos lleva a diferenciar, dentro del trabajo final de grado, concepciones sociales y maravillosas del resto de Europa

    Memoria Colectiva, Acción y Creatividad: Sobre el Problema de la Ética y el Sujeto

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    The article addresses the central elements of the sociological perspective developed by Maurice Halbwachs, especially those formulations leading to the construction of the concept of collective memory. It is argued that this perspective precisely discerns the present relationship between the individual and collective spheres, although without clearly delimiting the coordinates of a subjective space. In the second part, the arguments focus on the early elaborations of Georges Canguilhem, highlighting the anthropological drift of his formulations, which are supported by a theory of value, action and resistance. In order to specify this reading, statements of Freud\u27s psychoanalytic theory are introduced, through which the problem of creation and ethics of the subject are analyzed. It is concluded on the importance of considering the ethical and creative aspects within the processes of recognition and transmission that shape collective memory. Keywords: Collective memory. Social bond. Value. Creativity. Ethics.El artículo aborda los elementos centrales de la perspectiva sociológica desarrollada por Maurice Halbwachs, en especial, aquellas formulaciones conducentes a la construcción del concepto de memoria colectiva. Se sostiene que esta perspectiva discierne de modo preciso la relación presente entre el ámbito individual y colectivo, aunque sin delimitar claramente las coordenadas de un espacio subjetivo. En la segunda parte, los argumentos se centran en las tempranas elaboraciones de Georges Canguilhem, resaltando la deriva antropológica de sus formulaciones que se sostienen en una teoría del valor, de la acción y la resistencia. A fin de precisar esta lectura se introducen enunciados de la teoría psicoanalítica de Freud, mediante los cuales se analizan el problema de la creación y la ética del sujeto. Se concluye sobre la importancia de considerar los aspectos éticos y creativos dentro de los procesos de reconocimiento y transmisión que configuran la memoria colectiva. Palabras claves: Memoria colectiva. Vínculo social. Valor. Creatividad. Ética

    5 Días Sin Agua – Un Videojuego Educativo para la Concienciación Ambiental : "5 Días Sin Agua" – Un Videojuego Educativo para la Concienciación Ambiental

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    Between the development and implementation of "5 Days Without Water," an educational video game we designed as students from the Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Coatzacoalcos, we utilized cutting-edge technologies such as Unity for game development and Visual Studio Code for programming, with graphics created in pixel art. This project aims to raise awareness about the importance of responsible water use. The motivation behind this project stems from the need to address water scarcity issues and promote sustainable practices. Access to potable water is one of the most critical challenges of our time. In response to the growing concern for water conservation, a group of students from the Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Coatzacoalcos developed a video game that simulates the challenges of living for 10 days without adequate access to water. This interactive tool aims to educate and raise awareness within the community in an engaging way.Entre el desarrollo y la implementación de "10 Días Sin Agua", un videojuego educativo que hemos diseñado de ser los estudiantes del Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Coatzacoalcos. Utilizando tecnologías de vanguardia como Unity para el desarrollo del juego y Visual Studio Code para la programación, y con gráficos realizados en pixel art, este proyecto busca sensibilizar a la población sobre la importancia del uso responsable del agua. La motivación detrás de este proyecto surge de la necesidad de abordar los problemas relacionados con la escasez de agua y fomentar prácticas sostenibles. El acceso al agua potable es uno de los desafíos más críticos de nuestro tiempo. Ante la creciente preocupación por el cuidado del agua, un grupo de estudiantes del Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Coatzacoalcos desarrolló un videojuego que simula los retos de vivir 10 días sin acceso adecuado al agua. Esta herramienta interactiva tiene como objetivo educar y concienciar a la comunidad de manera lúdica. videojuego, educativo, tecnológico, motivación, sostenible y conciencia

    The Reception and Systematization of Augustinian Thought in Thomas Aquinas’s Reflection on the Teacher and the Act of Teaching: Rcem

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    The thought concerning the action of teaching by the human teacher in Thomas Aquinas and Augustine of Hippo has been extensively studied. However, when compared, both thinkers are often presented as offering two distinct ways of understanding this action. On the one hand, the Augustinian approach—strongly influenced by Platonism—deniesthe causality of the human teacher and grounds all teaching activity in the illumination of the Inner Teacher. On the other hand, the Thomistic approach—clearly influenced by Aristotelianism—while not denying the role of inner illumination, attributes to the human teacher an external efficient causality in the generation of knowledge in the student. As a result, the two are frequently contrasted or regarded as fundamentally different ways of  exercising the teaching office. This paper seeks to examine how, despite their differences, Thomas Aquinas appropriated and integrated significant aspects of Augustinian thought in shaping his own vision of the teacher. This vision, while original, is deeply rooted in the Christian tradition and is especially evident in his work De Veritate, particularly in the section known as De Magistro, though it is presented with greater clarity in the Summa Theologiae, due to the order in which the question is addressed there. Thus, this study aims to determine whether Aquinas’s reception of Augustinian thought is merely incidental or whether it involves a deeper assimilation that enables him to present a fuller and more authentic understanding of the figure of the teacher—one that would not bepossible without the Augustinian contribution.The thought concerning the action of teaching by the human teacher in Thomas Aquinas and Augustine of Hippo has been extensively studied. However, when compared, both thinkers are often presented as offering two distinct ways of understanding this action. On the one hand, the Augustinian approach—strongly influenced by Platonism—denies the causality of the human teacher and grounds all teaching activity in the illumination of the Inner Teacher. On the other hand, the Thomistic approach—clearly influenced by Aristotelianism—while not denying the role of inner illumination, attributes to the human teacher an external efficient causality in the generation of knowledge in the student. As a result, the two are frequently contrasted or regarded as fundamentally different ways of exercising the teaching office. This paper seeks to examine how, despite their differences, Thomas Aquinas appropriated and integrated significant aspects of Augustinian thought in shaping his own vision of the teacher. This vision, while original, is deeply rooted in the Christian tradition and is especially evident in his work De Veritate, particularly inthe section known as De Magistro, though it is presented with greater clarity in the Summa Theologiae, due to the order in which the question is addressed there. Thus, this study aims to determine whether Aquinas’s reception of Augustinian thought is merely incidental or whether it involves a deeper assimilation that enables him to present a fuller and more authentic understanding of the figure of the teacher—one that would not be possible without the Augustinian contribution

    Amistad y amor. Una reflexión etimológica

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    The theme of friendship, its nature, and its necessity within the Christian context was extensively studied during the Patristic period and the Middle Ages. Authors such as St. Augustine and St. Aelred of Rievaulx dedicated portions of their works to this subject, as did many other writers from those eras. The theme was also addressed in Greek Patristic literature, particularly by the Cappadocian Fathers, on which significant studies have emerged in recent decades, such as those by Carolinne White and James McEvoy, to name a few. However, as a preliminary step to delving into this area, it is important to review the vocabulary and etymology that the Greeks used to refer to this type of love. Their language allows for a range of nuances that distinguish different types of human affections. While the theme is clear and widely known in the context of Christian Greek—i.e., the vocabulary employed by the Fathers and ecclesiastical authors—it is less so in classical Greek. In this work, therefore, we will focus on distinguishing, following and engaging with Pavel Florensky, the four Greek terms used to denote love, the nuances and characteristics of the term appropriate for designating the love of friendship, and the Christian transformation of these words.El presente artículo ofrece un estudio etimológico y conceptual sobre los términos griegos que expresan las diversas formas del amor, a fin de comprender con mayor precisión la naturaleza y estructura de la amistad en la tradición cristiana. Partiendo del mandato evangélico «Haceos amigos» (Lc 16, 9), el autor indaga las implicaciones antropológicas, filosóficas y teológicas de considerar la amistad no como un simple afecto voluntario, sino como una dimensión constitutiva de la vida cristiana. Para ello, examina en primer lugar la clasificación clásica de los “cuatro amores” y retoma la lectura de Pável Florenski, quien distingue cuidadosamente los verbos griegos ἔρως, φιλεῖν, στέργειν y ἀγαπᾶν, mostrando los matices afectivos, voluntarios, espirituales y racionales que cada uno comporta. El artículo muestra cómo la tradición patrística y medieval recibió y reelaboró estas categorías, dotando a términos como eros, philia y agápē de un profundo espesor espiritual. La amistad aparece así como una relación amorosa que integra, en diversa medida, deseo, afecto, pertenencia y valoración del otro, y cuyo fundamento último es el amor divino. A su vez, se examinan los riesgos y ambivalencias de cada forma de amor que obligan a discernir cuál de ellos describe mejor la amistad cristiana. La conclusión sintetiza el recorrido afirmando que la amistad, entendida como philia, se complementa y perfecciona mediante el eros espiritualmente purificado y, sobre todo, mediante la agápē, que eleva el vínculo humano a su plenitud. El artículo propone una comprensión integral de la amistad donde convergen afectividad, libertad, razón y gracia

    De mundo de vida a mundo circundante: Husserl, Uexküll y la insuficiencia de una ciencia completamente objetiva

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    We seek to analyze a series of overlapping coincidences found both in the concepts of Jakob von Uexküll´s surrounding world (Umwelt) and Edmund Husserl´s lifeworld (Lebenswelt) to make a critique to the exercise of an all-objective science. With the Lifeworld Husserl aimed to discuss the forgetting of the subjective dimension in science, not only in its methods, but also in its consequences for everyday human life. To Uexküll, the study of surrounding worlds reveals the need for a science that recognizes itself as a human endeavor and that is under constant revision. As a biologist, Uexküll makes emphasis on the arising of a life scale that does not consider the rest of living beings at the moment of taking action. Thus, we think that exists in both authors a strong fight against a reductionist and atomist way of conceiving existence as a given phenomenon.Buscamos analizar una serie de preocupaciones coincidentes encontradas en los conceptos mundo circundante (Umwelt) de Jakob von Uexküll y mundo de vida (Lebenswelt) de Edmund Husserl para elaborar una crítica al ejercicio de una ciencia del todo objetiva. Con el mundo de vida Husserl buscó discutir el olvido de la dimensión subjetiva en la ciencia, no solo en su método, sino también sus consecuencias para la vida cotidiana del ser humano. Para Uexküll, el estudio de los mundos circundantes delata la necesidad de una ciencia que se reconozca como un ejercicio humano y que se encuentre en constante replanteamiento. Como biólogo, Uexküll enfatiza en la erección de una escala de la vida que no toma en cuenta al resto seres vivos al momento de ejercer sus acciones. Con ello creemos que en ambos autores existe una férrea pelea contra un modo reduccionista y atómico de concebir la existencia como fenómeno dado

    Dos tensiones pluralistas al interior del liberalismo desde la perspectiva de John N. Gray y Jacob T. Levy

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    El liberalismo, al intentar hacerse cargo de las interrogantes que le presenta el pluralismo, entra en una tensión interna que lo divide. Jacob T. Levy y John N. Gray —ambos considerados autores liberales— buscan presentar y abordar esta tensión desde distintos puntos de partida, según el tipo de pluralismo que tienen en mente. Esto les permite mostrar las dificultades que enfrenta cierto tipo de liberalismo para lidiar con la pluralidad en el mundo contemporáneo. En este artículo presentamos los esquemas teóricos de ambos para mostrar los distintos aspectos en que el pluralismo genera una tensión al interior del pensamiento de la tradición liberal

    Viaje por el aprendizaje: Videojuego de repaso de las materias Química e Historia De México para jóvenes de nivel básico

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    This paper shows the proposal of the didactic review tool for the subjects of Chemistry and Mexican History inside and outside the classroom, mainly focused and designed for young people and adolescents, including people who want to learn or document better these areas in a more interactive way, showing the main difficulties and shortcomings in the current teaching system within these subjects. This didactic review tool entitled Journey through Learning is based on gamification since it offers elements and dynamics of games to promote learning and knowledge retention in academic subjects, which allows the student to maintain their attention and interest in learning these subjects, entering into this method that breaks with the classic teachings of memorizing without understanding the information given, allowing to have and maintain a more active and didactic rhythm of classes. This proposal was based on the understanding and learning of the subjects of Chemistry and History of Mexico with the objective of erasing the disinterest and apathy that young people commonly have in the retention of information in classes.En el presente trabajo muestra la propuesta de la herramienta de repaso didáctico de las asignaturas de Química e Historia Mexicana dentro y fuera del aula, principalmente centrada y diseñada para jóvenes y adolescentes, incluyendo a personas que quieren aprender o documentarse mejor de estas áreas de una manera más interactiva, mostrando las principales dificultades y carencias en el sistema de enseñanza actual dentro de estas asignaturas. Esta herramienta de repaso didáctico titulada cómo Viaje por el Aprendizaje se basa en la gamificación ya que ofrece elementos y dinámicas de los juegos para promover el aprendizaje y la retención de conocimientos en asignaturas académicas lo que le permite al alumno mantener su atención e interés en aprender dichas asignaturas adentrándose en este método que rompe con las enseñanzas clásicas de memorizar sin comprender la información dada, permitiendo tener y mantener un ritmo de clases más activo y didáctico. Esta propuesta fue basada en la compresión y el aprendizaje de las asignaturas de Química e Historia De México con el objetivo de borrar el desinterés y la apatía que comúnmente tienen los jóvenes ante la retención de información en clases

    Thomas Aquinas anthropological-metaphysical and theological understanding of inequality among men

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    The social and political philosophy of Thomas Aquinas is explored here in relation to inequality among men, and, naturally, also in relation to equality. This paper is the continuation of a first part -published in the previous issue of this journal-, which dealt with the metaphysical-theological doctrine of inequality among men according to St. Thomas. This second part examines inequality/equality from an economic-social and political point of view, where the key concept is that of trifunctionality. After analyzing the three functions, both from a social and political point of view, the study culminates with a reflection on the philosophy of economics and social mobility, paying special attention to the interpretation offered in this regard by Thomas of Vio, Cardinal Cajetan.The implications that this whole question of equality/inequality among men present in relation to the question of serfdom reveal in a special way the bridge that exists between the metaphysical-anthropological considerations and the social theory of Aquinas himself. The paper argues that, although Thomas considers a series of inequalities among men -both natural and moral-, at the same time, there can be no doubt about his affirmation of a fundamental equality among them. The identical basis of human perfection for all lies in the ontological equality attributable to all members of that species. In this regard, the argument proceeds to a metaphysical analysis of the concepts of aequalitas, similitudo, identitas and unitas, in their relation to humanitas, concluding that among men it must be said that there is a fundamental equality, not likeness. It is established that there are two ways -one positive and the other negative- to show this equality. Regarding the first way, the question of the imago Dei appears as something communis omnibus hominibus. As for the negative manifestation of equality, there is the question of servitude, whose examination in Thomas Aquinas is closely linked to the teaching of two Fathers of the Church, Augustine and Gregory the Great. In conclusion, it is established that for Aquinas there are no people innately superior to others, and that, consequently, to judge that some have de iure certain authority over others, the moral merit of the subjects must be taken into account

    PIXEL-MATT - DONDE LAS MATEMÁTICAS SE CONVIERTEN EN UN JUEGO

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    “Pixel-Matt” is a platform and math game that boosts your ability to think about results in a short time through challenging levels. The video game intends to immerse the player in an educational adventure where mathematics becomes a tool for personal and academic growth. Through Alex\u27s journey, players will be faced with challenging equations that will not only test their calculation skills, but also teach them to manage their fears and insecurities. With the guidance of HLNA, an artificial intelligence, players will discover the path of learning in a pixel world, gradually improving their mathematical skills as they advance through increasingly complex levels.“Pixel-Matt” es un juego de plataformas y matemáticas que impulsa tu habilidad de pensar resultados en corto tiempo a través de desafiantes niveles. El videojuego tiene como intención sumergir al jugador en una aventura educativa donde las matemáticas se convierten en una herramienta para el crecimiento personal y académico. A través del viaje de Alex, los jugadores se enfrentarán a desafiantes ecuaciones que no solo pondrán a prueba su capacidad de cálculo, sino que también les enseñarán a manejar sus miedos e inseguridades. Con la guía de HLNA, una inteligencia artificial, los jugadores descubrirán el camino del aprendizaje en un mundo de pixel, mejorando gradualmente sus habilidades matemáticas a medida que avanzan por niveles cada vez más complejos

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    Revistas Académicas de la Universidad Gabriela Mistral
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