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Investigating the level of artificial intelligence literacy of university students using decision trees
No full texthttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10639-024-13081-4Artificial intelligence (AI) literacy is critical to shaping students' academic experiences and future opportunities inhigher education. This study examines AI literacy among university students, examining variables such as gender, frequency of use of AI applications, completion of AI-related courses, and field of study. The research involved 664 students from a public university, using a survey model and data collected via the Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale. Descriptive and decision tree analyses, specifically the CHAID algorithm, were used to determine the factors influencing AI literacy levels. The results showed that the students' overall AI literacy, critical aprasial and practical application were average and technical understanding was low. While the frequency of individuals' use of AI technology has a determining effect on the overall AI literacy scale and critical appraisal(CA) and practical applications(PA) dimensions, gender came to the fore in the technical understanding(TU) dimension. The overall scale, PA and CA, while the status of having taken a course in AI is effective for students who frequently use artificial intelligence tools, the type of faculty of study is effective for those who use it less frequently. In TU, the faculty of study for females and the frequency of using artificial intelligence tools for males are determinative. While the TU scores of male students are higher than those of female students, the AI literacy of students studying in the faculties of science and literature, engineering, technology and medicine are higher than those of students studying in the faculties of education, sports sciences and postgraduate students.</p
Effects of seismic isolators on the structural behavior of reinforced concrete buildings
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An Active Metamaterial Cell Concept for Broadband NONRECIPROCAL Vibration Transmission Using Dislocated PI Control
No full textPurpose: This article investigates a new concept of active metamaterial cell that does not transmit vibrations in a reciprocal manner. Expanding the range of affected frequencies of vibroacoustic metamaterials stands as a challenge as broadband efficiency is often traded with stability and robustness of the active structure. In that regard, active waveguides utilizing dislocated sensor-actuator pairs using either pure velocity or pure displacement feedback show promising progress. However, only limited reciprocity loss was present at low frequencies, if the velocity feedback is used, or at high frequencies, if displacement feedback is used. Methods: This article focuses on a conceptual development and experimental validation of an active metamaterial cell that utilizes a combination of displacement and velocity feedback to obtain a nonreciprocal response over both low and high frequencies. The study is focused on a 2 Degree-Of-Freedom lumped parameter mechanical system coupled with electromechanical transducers. Despite the fact that velocity and displacement feedbacks have opposing stability conditions to each other when analysed separately, significant stability margin of the combined velocity and displacement feedback signal is rigorously determined theoretically and experimentally. Results: The results demonstrate that the proposed active waveguide induces significantly different frequency response functions for opposite propagation directions, with amplitude differences peaking around 30 dB over a frequency band exceeding 2900 Hz. Conclusion: The results shown confirm that the combination of velocity and displacement feedback in dislocated transducer arrangement provide broadband nonreciprocal vibration transmission. This further supports the possibility of practical implementation of the proposed control scheme in prospective active acoustic metamaterials for nonreciprocal sound transmission anticipated in future work
The Virgin Mary's Image Usage in Albigensian Crusade Primary Sources
No full textThe image of the Virgin Mary appears with increasing frequency in written sources from the 12th and 13th centuries compared to earlier periods. Three major works produced by four eyewitness authors of the Albigensian Crusade (Historia Albigensis, Chronica, and Canso de la Crozada) reflect on and respond to this popular theme. These sources focus on the Albigensian Crusade against heretical groups, particularly the Cathars, and employ the Virgin Mary motif for various purposes. The Virgin Mary is presented as a Catholic model for women drawn to Catharism (a movement in which female spiritual leadership was also present) as a divine protector of the just side in war and as a means of legitimizing the authors' claims. While Mary appears sporadically in Peter of Vaux-de-Cernay's Historia Albigensis, she is extensively invoked in the Canso by both William and his anonymous successor. In contrast, the image of the Virgin Mary is scarcely mentioned in Chronica, likely due to the narrative's intended audience and objectives. This article aims to provide a comparative analysis of how the image of the Virgin Mary is utilized in these primary sources from the Albigensian Crusade and to offer a new perspective on the relationship between historical events and authors' intentions, laying the groundwork for further research
International Academic Research and Studies in the Field of Agriculture, Forestry and Aquaculture Sciences
No full textFarklı Sulama Seviyelerinin Kocaeli Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Bazı Salata (Lactuca sativa) Çeşitleri Üzerine Etkisi
No full textBu çalışmada, farklı sulama seviyelerinin bazı salata çeşitleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Araştırma, Kocaeli ilinde sera koşullarında 2020-2021 yetiştiricilik mevsiminde yürütülmüştür. Denemede, tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme deseni kullanılmıştır. Ana parsellerde çeşitler (Carteganas, Concorde ve Melina) ve alt parsellerde ise 100 mm’lik cam petri kabından buharlaşan su miktarı (E) referans alınarak oluşturulan beş sulama seviyesi (0.25 E, 0.50 E, 0.75 E, 1.00 E ve 1.25 E) yer almıştır. Baş ağırlığı, çapı, boyu, kök uzunluğu ve yaprak sayısı değerleri çeşit (V), sulama seviyesi (IL) ve V x IL interaksiyonlarına göre istatistiksel olarak önemli (P<0.01) farklılıklar göstermiştir. En yüksek ortalama baş ağırlığı Melina çeşidinde 516.9 g olarak elde edilirken onu sırasıyla Concorde ve Carteganas çeşitleri izlemiştir. En yüksek ortalama baş ağırlığı 0.75 E konusundan 581.2 g olarak elde edilirken en düşük ise 224.8 g ile 0.25 E konusundan elde edilmiştir. Verim bileşenlerinin tümünde en yüksek değerler 0.75 E sulama seviyesinden elde edilmiştir. 0.25 E ve 0.50 E sulama seviyelerinde göreceli olarak düşük değerler elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, pazar değeri de dikkate alınarak uygun salata çeşidi seçimi yapılabileceği gibi birim kütlesi daha yüksek olan Melina tercih edilebilir. Bunun yanında, Kocaeli’de ısıtmasız sera koşullarında yetiştirilen salata için sulama zamanının planlanmasında küçük petri kaplarının kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmış olup ve bitki-kap katsayısı olarak 0.75 değerinin kullanılması önerilebilir.The effects of varying irrigation levels on some lettuce cultivars were examined in this study. The research was conducted in Kocaeli province during the 2020-2021 growing season in a greenhouse. A split-plot design was employed in the experiment. Five irrigation levels (0.25 E, 0.50 E, 0.75 E, 1.00 E, and 1.25 E) were established by using the amount of water evaporated (E) from a 100 mm glass petri dish as a reference in the sub-plots. The main plots contained the varieties Carteganas, Concorde, and Melina. Head weight, diameter, length, root length, and leaf number values showed statistically significant (P<0.01) differences according to variety (V), irrigation level (IL), and V x IL interactions. The highest average head weight was obtained as 516.9 g in the Melina variety, followed by the Concorde and Carteganas varieties. The highest average head weight was obtained from 0.75 E at 581.2 g, while the lowest was obtained from 0.25 E at 224.8 g. The highest values in all yield components were obtained from the 0.75 E irrigation level. Relatively low values were obtained at 0.25 E and 0.50 E irrigation levels. According to the results obtained, the appropriate lettuce variety can be selected by considering the market value, and Melina, which has a higher unit mass, can be preferred. In addition, it was concluded that small petri dishes could be used in planning the irrigation time for lettuce grown in unheated greenhouse conditions in Kocaeli, and it can be recommended to use a value of 0.75 as the crop-pan coefficient