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Distorsioni cerebrali. Ithaka di Gottfried Benn come esperimento drammatico
No full textStarting from the discussion of the premiere of Ithaka (Landestheater Darmstadt 1967) and its context, the paper contends that the piece, written by Gottfried Benn half a century earlier, cannot be merely read as an essayistic dialogue about scientific debates of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, as an autobiographic showdown behind the mask of Dr. Rönne or even as a sombre anticipation of Nazism. In fact, a close reading of the text and its multi-layered, masterly dramatic construction shows the avant-gardist openness of Ithaka, which can be considered as a theatrical experiment: the author tests on fictitious characters affected by ‘cerebral distortions’, reflecting disparate tendencies of the fin-de-siècle epistemology and philosophy, and observes the consequences of such a collision up to its tragic ending
Dal male alla responsabilità come condivisione. Auschwitz: paradigma di negazione assiologica dell'umano
No full textIt is necessary to reflect on the scandal of evil retracing the theories of great thinkers such as Ricoeur, Heidegger, Lyotard. We need an opening to the historicity, to the unpredictability relating to the event, to the subjectivity that contrasts the flattening of scientific and philosophical search, and therefore also pedagogical reasons, thoughts and idea, representations and languages. The research should look at the existence and not only to the intrinsic nature or indispensable nature of freedom and need. The cult ofreason and science with which the man was confirmed always more homologated and naturalized contrasts with the search for a more spiritualistic, impressionistic, even irrationalist culture, aimed to propose the meaning and the role of the individual subjectivity. In a world that has done of the marketv Moloch God who dislodge and regulates everything, the invitation is to discover the dimension and the property of the gift, of the free one, of the responsibility as a sharing. A rediscovery that, moving away from the merchant logic of the exchange and of the do it des it is the founding principle of the responsibility of social life and of reality itself.Riassunto: Occorre riflettere sullo scandalo del male ripercorrendo le teorie di grandi pensatori quali Ricoeur, Heidegger, Lyotard. Occorre una apertura alla storicità, alla imprevedibilità dei fatti, all'evento, alla soggettività che contrasti l'appiattirsi della ricerca scientifica e filosofica, e quindi anche pedagogica, solo sulla ragione, sul pensiero sulle idee, sulle rappresentazioni, sui linguaggi. La ricerca deve guardare all'esistenza e non solo all'essenza, al sentimento e non solo alla ragione, alla libertà e non solo alla necessità. Al culto della ragione e della scienza, con cui l'uomo veniva sempre più omologato e naturalizzato, si contrappone la ricerca di una cultura più spiritualistica, impressionistica, perfino irrazionalista, volta comunque a riproporre il significato e il ruolo della soggettività individuale. In un mondo che ha fatto del mercato il dio Moloch che tutto smuove e regola, l'invito è quello di riscoprire la dimensione e la proprietà del dono, del gratuito, della responsabilità come condivisione. Una riscoperta che, allontanandoci dalla logica mercantile dello scambio e del do ut des, fa della responsabilità il principio fondante della vita sociale e della stessa realtà
Migrazione transmediterranea e sfruttamento dei lavoratori itineranti africani nell’Italia meridionale/Trans-Mediterranean Migration and the Exploitation of African Mobile Workers in Southern Italy
No full textIn this contribution the author firstly retraces the emergence and evolution of the current European border regime. He argues that the governance of its highly militarized external borders has been analyzed synchronously with the utterly precarious labour markets in the Italian South. Secondly, the author briefly retraces the evolution of the Italian reception system and the discursive construction of Lampedusa as the island of the boat refugees. Thirdly, the author argues that since the 1990s, an extremely precarious labour market has emerged in Italy since during their asylum procedure. Many forced migrants are left to their own devices without any official support and are constrained to accept any kind of (mostly informal) working conditions. Fourthly, the author differentiates the various levels of migrants’ exploitation in the plain of Gioa Tauro (Calabria) too. Migrants are structurally excluded from any form of participation in Italian Society which can be observed at the economic level, in the realm of labour, civil and political rights and in their confinement in spaces outside of society, i.e. in makeshift camps; this condition exacerbates their subalternization.Keywords:EU Border Regime; Boat Migration; Precarious Labour Markets; Migrant Workers; Exploitation; Orange Plantations; Southern Italy
Politica e diritto all’abitazione in una favela carioca/Politics and the Right to Housing in a Brazilian Favela
No full textRights to housing are basic rights historically denied in Brazil for themajority of the population. The text is the result of an ethnographic researchdone in a favela of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade de Deus. Focus is on theprocesses of negotiation that result in the construction and occupation oftwo distinct housing sites allows us to discuss the plot of the policy andit’s transformations in the favela territory. The production of the registry ofinhabitants needing to occupy new houses is a central part of these negotiations,that involve diverse agents (local political organizations leaderships,chief drug dealers, city politicians) and has consequences over the localorganization and political struggle. The housing, in this process, becomesa political merchandise
Un viandante notturno scrive all’amata: storia di una lettera, di una poesia e delle sue edizioni
No full textWritten as a message to Charlotte von Stein, Goethe’s WandrersNachtlied, became part of the collections of his works and was transformedaccording to the will of the author. Starting from the Cottaedition of 1815, it appeared together with Ein gleiches (Über allenGipfeln ist Ruh), forming a bipartite, unitary and different whole in itself.The essay reconstructs the editorial history of the two texts andtheir metamorphosis over the course of time
«Das Ich als Brennpunkt»? Distorsione e percezione nell’arte di Oskar Kokoschka
No full textThe present paper aims at investigating the role that perceptual distortionhad in Oskar Kokoschka’s (1886-1980) drama and painting. He was considered one of the most representative expressionist artists but his use of such device has a different meaning in the representation of reality. As it emerges from the analysis of his first drama Mörder, Hoffnung der Frauen (Murderer, Hope of Women) and his picture Windsbraut (The Bride of Wind), he uses distortions and deformations to re-signify reality. In this process a big role is played by the sight and the human body
Migrazione temporanea guatemalteca e lavoro nelle piantagioni di caffè: uno studio esploratorio alla frontiera sud del Messico/Temporary Guatemalan migration and plantation work of coffee: an exploratory study on the southern border of Mexico
No full textBased on an exploratory study using a qualitative methodology (about twenty interviews and in situ observations carried out in the regions of origin), this article describes the professional and migratory dynamics related to commercial agriculture on the Southern border of the North American Free Trade Area. It focuses on the articulation between work and mobility within this productive system, an articulation that is built at the confluence of the logic of accumulating the capital of Chiapas farmers on the one hand and of reproducing the life of Guatemalan peasant families on the other. Through the study of the current condition of migrant agricultural workers and the survival within it of “authoritarian forms of extortion of productive activity” characteristic of the early accumulation phase, the author intends to highlight the relationship between the plantation economy at the root of the first globalized market capitalism and the modern agro-export capitalism in the peripheral regions of the world system. Keywords:Mexico-Guatemala Border; Coffee Plantations; Migrant Farm Workers; Work and Labour; Political Economy
«Nerfs de femmes». Briefroman, Briefsteller und die Autorfunktion bei Guilleragues, Richelet und Gellert
No full textFrom the Seventeenth Century on, starting with French letter writing guides like those of Pierre Richelet (Les plus belles lettres des meilleurs auteurs français, first edition 1689), the idea of a particular female talent for writing letters in an unaffected and natural manner became a commonplace in European literature. Various interchanges between epistolary novels and letter writing guides tend to show that the fictional status of female letters, even if they were written by male authors, did not keep them from being considered as exemplary.The Letters of a Portuguese Nun (1669) ended up in Richelet’s Plus belles lettres, the letters Richardson atttributed to Pamela in hiseponymous novel (1740) were originally meant to form a letter writingguide or conduct book, while Gellert even goes so far as to feminizethe male authorial voice in his Praktische Abhandlung vondem guten Geschmacke in Briefen (1751) in order to strengthen hiscase against the German letter writing tradition of the „Kanzleistil“(stylus curiae), still much in use in Germany in the first half of theEighteenth Century
La lingua, il caos e il mondo degli oggetti frattali. Su alcune prose di Kurt Schwitters
No full textThe paper focuses on the reciprocal influences between visual arts and literature from the end of the 19th century up to the 1930s, notably with regard to geometric abstraction. Considering the statement of «the end of scientific perspective» (F. Novotny), Abstract Art and the Constructivism as well as Concrete Art and poetry, this essay examines the question of geometry and perspective within the scope of art and literature, thereby analysing two works of prose by Kurt Schwitters (1887-1948), Auguste Bolte (1922) and Horizontale Geschichte (1926), as well as some of his aesthetic works. Schwitters pushes the experimentation with geometric abstraction to the extreme, oriented by the Romantic Movement and the technical and scientific discoveries from the 17th to the 19th century. He takes an interest in the invisible logics within matters which will be the subject of the so-called «fractal geometry» in the second half of the 20th century. The way Schwitters deals with these issues and uses them as material for his literary works is a very interesting case study