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Acefalie e figure del disordine nell’Inghilterra della prima età moderna
No full textSix English seventeenth-century accounts of acephalous births are the starting point for a reflection on the meaning assumed by the body “out of norm” in the early modern period: not a fortuitous occurrence, but a breach through which one could look inside the portentous machine of the universe, in an incredible interweaving of theology, politics and medicine, the human monster became a sign of divine wrath and a powerful means of social control. What did the birth of a headless child mean in this context? What mythical distances and horizons did it feed on? How did it intertwine together the punishment for a single parental blame and the warning for entire communities, social groups, and state structures?This study takes into account the social imaginary and the contexts in which the six stories were thought up, written, printed and read, and investigates the ways in which these narrations stigmatized a specific pathology of the human body, making the lack of the head a physical and metaphysical symbol of disorder in the private or public sphere, and therefore an effective means of repression and control
Per un Brasile meno bianco: movimenti neri e politiche pubbliche/For a Less White Brazil: Black Movements and Public Policies
No full textThis work is based on an ethnographic research of long duration in ablack collective in the city of Ilhéus, State of Bahia, Brazil, that operatesas a terreiro of candomblé, street carnival afro group, non-governmentalorganization and musical group. Taking the history and the practices ofthis collective as a conductive line, it’s objective is to present some of therecent Brazilian public policies that contribute to the fight against racialinequality and the ways this collective has been appropriating them, with afocus on the areas of culture and education
Il commercio di droghe a Rio de Janeiro e l’avvento delle unità di polizia pacificatrice/The drug trade in Rio de Janeiro and the advent of peace-keeping police units
No full textIn this chapter I seek to approach some aspects of the drug trade in Riode Janeiro, particularly those which occur in the poor neighborhoods andfavelas of the city. I consider, equally, the recent changes brought by theadvent a new strategy of policing, the “Units of Pacifier Police” (UPPs)that were installed in various favelas. I initially present a brief history ofhow such market has consolidated in the last decades, pointing its maincharacteristics, such as: the factional allegiances, the hierarchies of the localgroups, the relations of complementarity between “jail” and “street”and between “crime” and police control. Afterwards, I point some changesin such segmented dynamics generated with the entry of the UPPs in whatbecame conventionally called “crime territories”
Etnografia del lavoro a giornata nelle serre siciliane/Work bodies. Ethnography of day labor in Sicilian greenhouses
No full textThis paper analyses the results of an ethnographic research conducted among migrant farmworkers employed inside greenhouses in South Eastern Sicily. In particular, it deals with the body considered at the same time as the object and the tool of the fieldwork research. By focussing on their experience of participant observation as tomato pickers, the authors reflect upon the positioning of their bodies inside the field and describe the negotiation of their femininities into a male workplace. Moreover, the article focuses on the effects produced on the workers’ bodies by day labour as well as on the embodied forms of adaptation and resistance. It explores the narrations of mental and physical disease and the different practices of “embellishment” of male and female workers as a body response to a degrading job. Keywords: Migrant Labour; Agriculture; Body; Sicily
Vibrazioni, superfici, linee, forme: la riflessione sulle arti nel primo Hugo Ball
No full textThe paper investigates Hugo Ball’s aesthetic reflection on Modern artin his early essayistic works, starting from his reception of Futuristpaintings (Die Reise nach Dresden, 1913) and Kandinsky (the lectureheld in 1917) over his engagement with Wedekinds (1914) and Rudolfvon Labans theatrical breakthroughs. By exceeding the conventionalcategories of vision and perception, and introducing the issue of energyand ‘presence’, Modern art undermines the linear understandingof time and the traditional notion of space and spatiality
La Bildpädagogik oltre il totalitarismo dell’imagologia? Neurath e il progetto di una ‘scrittura per immagini’
No full textThe present paper takes its cue from Milan Kundera’s reflection on ‘imagology’ and from the debate, within educational theory, about a shift from a book-based culture to one founded on the screen and audio-visual images. After marshalling some tenets of Raffaele Simone and Vilém Flusser, who agree in diagnosing a tendential end of the civilization of writing (while disagreeing with each other regarding the evaluation of this phenomenon), I argue that we should not yield either to the cheers of those who enthusiastically welcome the new techno-cognitive scenarios as such or to the jeremiads of those who merely decry them. The genuinely educational challenge is, rather, that of promoting a “convergence culture” that orchestrates different media and it is this challenge that is investigated in the paper through an analysis of a specific educational experience, Otto Neurath’s Bildpädagogik.Riassunto: Il contributo prende l’abbrivio dalle riflessione di Milan Kundera sull’imagologia e dal dibattito, in pedagogia, circa il passaggio da una cultura basata sul libro a una fondata sullo schermo e sulle immagini audio-visive. Dopo aver mobilitato alcune teorie di Raffaele Simone e Vilém Flusser, concordi nel diagnosticare una tendenziale fine della civiltà della scrittura (anche se divergenti sulla valutazione da dare a questo fenomeno), si argomenta che, invece di cedere alle sirene degli “integrati” ovvero alle geremiadi degli “apocalittici”, la sfida educativa contemporanea è quella di promuovere una “cultura della convergenza”, che orchestri insieme media diversi e si esemplifica come ciò possa avvenire analizzando una specifica esperienza pedagogica, la Bildpädagogik di Otto Neurath
A Wonder Woorth the Reading / Una meraviglia degna d’esser letta
No full textIt is the story of a monstrous birth, which took place in London in Kentstreet on 21 August 1617: without a head but with two horns, the creature is read by the author of the document as a stigma for the decadence not only of the mother’s mores, but also of the entire city of London. The English capital, deprived of its guides, seems to be moving towards an inexorable apocalypse
Transizioni e transazioni degli insegnanti delle scuole francesi: ritratti dei maestri supplementari nel dispositivo “più maestri che classi”
No full textIn France, at the beginning of the 2013 school year, the introduction of the “Plus de maîtres que de classes” device in primary schools with a majority of pupils with learning difficulties has been a pedagogical innovation. Supernumerary teachers may be appointed in schools to support their colleagues in the classroom. Through an ethnographic inquiry with three supernumerary teachers, this paper seeks to understand what motivates them to take on this new role and how they perform it. Based on concepts of professional transition and transaction, these three supernumerary teachers’ profiles in their first two years of activity show professional transitions that have been experienced in different ways. The results highlight the desire for professional mobility at a time when the teacher’s career is under question. They also point out that the implementation of three types of identity strategy leads to relational transactions with contrasting outcomes. Riassunto: Nel 2013, l’introduzione in Francia del dispositivo “Più maestri che classi” nelle scuole primarie caratterizzate da una maggioranza di studenti in difficoltà scolastica costituisce una innovazione pedagogica. Un maestro supplementare esperto è nominato nella scuola per sostenere i suoi colleghi nella classe. Attraverso una indagine etnografica condotta con tre maestre supplementari, questo articolo cerca di comprendere ciò che li motiva ad esercitare questa nuova funzione e come la effettuano. Facendo riferimento alle nozioni di transizione e di transazione, i ritratti di questi tre maestri realizzati nei primi due anni dell’esercizio di questa funzione mostrano delle transizioni professionali vissute in maniera differente. I risultati mettono in rilievo delle mobilità professionali desiderate in un momento biografico sensibile nel corso della carriera dell’insegnante. Rivelano inoltre che la realizzazione di strategie identitarie conduce a delle transazioni relazionali dagli esiti differenti