Kauno Kolegijos Elektroniniai žurnalai
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Analysis of ink penetration depth inside substrates for secondary packaging
No full textToday, the packaging industry is experiencing growth, which in turn leads to an increased amount of packaging waste. To reduce packaging waste, it is necessary to reduce the use of packaging and combine primary and secondary packaging into one. For secondary packaging, which is usually made of paper or cardboard, to replace primary packaging, the penetration depth of the ink into the substrate must be checked, as this is the most important indicator that the product it protects is not affected. The low penetration depth of the printing ink into the interior of the paper printing substrate is crucial for the safety of using this packaging. The penetration depth of the ink into the printing substrate is a very important factor in primary and secondary packaging, as it affects the overall efficiency of the packaging, health, safety, and print quality. The most important factors influencing the ink penetration depth are the porosity of the substrate, the composition of the substrate, the surface energy of the substrate, and the viscosity of the ink. This research is based on analysing and comparing the ink penetration depth in different printing materials most commonly used for secondary packaging. Based on the microscopic analysis of cross-sections of offset prints produced with cyan ink, the maximum ink penetration depth was estimated and observed in parallel with the ink coverage of the substrate. Microscopic images of the printed parts, calculated using image analysis software, were used to determine the coverage of the printing substrate. This research aims to determine which secondary packaging material achieves the lowest penetration depth of the printing ink into the substrate, which opens up the possibility of using these substrates as primary packaging substrates. In this way, the use of polymeric, ecologically unacceptable materials, which are most commonly used as primary packaging substrates, is reduced, and the use of paper or cardboard materials for primary packaging is increased. The results obtained show that the GT2 and GC2 substrates printed with higher cyan ink halftone values contain the lowest ink penetration values into the printing substrate. When printing with a 40% halftone value of cyan ink, the lowest values were achieved when printing on the substrates KD silk and GC2. The ink penetration from the unprinted side of the print was also observed and measured. Ink penetration from the unprinted side of the print occurs when the prints are output after printing, with the unprinted side of the print placed in a stack on top of the printed side
Profesinės karo tarnybos karių požiūris į burnos sveikatą bei jų nusiskundimai burnos problemomis
No full textBurnos sveikata – neatsiejama bendros karių sveikatos ir tarnybinio pasirengimo dalis, tačiau šiai sričiai dažnai skiriama per mažai dėmesio. Įvairių šalių tyrimai rodo, kad karinis personalas dažnai susiduria su dantų ėduonimi ir kitomis burnos sveikatos problemomis. Burnos ligos kariuomenėje ne tik dažnos, bet ir daro didelį poveikį tarnybiniam pasirengimui. Higienos įgūdžiai ir burnos sveikata yra svarbūs aktyviems kariams, turint omenyje jų sveikatos ir bendruomenės gerovės svarbą. Pasaulio sveikatos organizacija taip pat teigia, kad higienos įgūdžiai izoliacijos metu yra ypač svarbūs ilgalaikių misijų, pratybų ar kitų situacijų atveju, kai kariai yra atskirti nuo įprastų higienos paslaugų arba neturi galimybės reguliariai pasirūpinti savo burnos higiena. Karinė tarnyba gali padidinti burnos ligų rizikos veiksnius, nes jai dažnai būdingas ilgas dislokavimas užsienio vietose, kur ribota prieiga prie prevencinių paslaugų, burnos higienos produktų ir visapusiškos dantų priežiūros. Tyrimai rodo, kad burnos ligos kariuomenėje yra gana paplitusios, o jų pasekmės – ne tik fizinis diskomfortas, bet ir sumažėjęs darbingumas bei sutrikusi kasdienė veikla. Skausmas, kramtymo sunkumai ar kalbos problemos gali trukdyti kariui efektyviai veikti, ypač esant dideliam fiziniam ir psichologiniam krūviui, todėl burnos sveikata turi būti laikoma svarbia karinio pasirengimo dalimi. Šiame kiekybiniame tyrime buvo siekiama atskleisti profesinės tarnybos karių burnos sveikatos priežiūros ir nusiskundimų ypatumus tarnybos metu. Klausimynas parengtas tyrimo autorių. Tyrimo metu taikyti Chi kvadrato (χ²) ir McNemar kriterijai. Tyrimo rezultatai: pratybų metu rūpinimasis burnos sveikata tampa sudėtingesnis dėl nuovargio ir laiko stokos – blogėja higiena, rečiau valomi dantys, mažiau naudojami burnos skalavimo skysčiai ir tarpdančių siūlas. Ne visi kariai naudojasi gydytojo odontologo paslaugomis tarnybos metu. Dažniau paslaugomis naudojasi vyresnio amžiaus ir moteriškos lyties kariai. Pratybų metu burnos sveikatos priežiūra pasunkėja dėl nuovargio, laiko stokos ir riboto priemonių prieinamumo. Pagrindiniai informacijos šaltiniai burnos sveikatos klausimais – gydytojai odontologai bei internetas
An overview of multimedia innovation in the Western Balkans
No full textThe Western Balkans is increasingly becoming a fertile ground for multimedia innovation. With rapid advancements in technology and a growing interest in digital transformation, the region is witnessing significant developments in multimedia, digital content creation, and innovative digital solutions. This study aims to explore the extent of multimedia innovation in the Western Balkans by addressing the following research question: How are multimedia industries developing in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia, and what factors influence their growth? The methodology of this research is based on a qualitative approach, incorporating an extensive review of academic literature, policy documents, and industry reports. Secondary sources, such as reports from international organizations like the European Commission, World Bank, UNESCO, and UNDP, were analyzed to understand regional trends in multimedia innovation. Additionally, information from official government websites, film festivals, and multimedia industry stakeholders was included to ensure a comprehensive assessment of the sector. Numerous initiatives and institutions are driving multimedia innovation in the Western Balkans. The Marubi Academy of Film and Multimedia in Albania stands out as a premier institution offering education and training in film, television, and digital media. Similarly, the Faculty of Dramatic Arts in Belgrade, Serbia, provides comprehensive programs in multimedia arts. Additional institutions such as the Academy of Arts in Novi Sad and the University of Sarajevo’s Faculty of Performing Arts also contribute significantly to training future multimedia professionals. Sarajevo Film Festival and the Anibar International Animation Festival in Kosovo have become prominent platforms for showcasing multimedia works. Technological advancements such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and artificial intelligence (AI) are being integrated into multimedia projects in the Western Balkans. Despite advancements, challenges remain, particularly in areas such as infrastructure development, access to high-quality equipment, and the need for more specialized education programs in multimedia fields. Addressing these gaps will be crucial to unlocking the full potential of the region’s creative economy. Governments across the Western Balkans have made significant strides in creating a favorable environment for digital innovation, but continued support, both financially and in terms of policy reforms, will be necessary to overcome existing barriers. Additionally, collaboration between countries in the region, as well as with international partners, will be key to creating a more sustainable and competitive multimedia ecosystem. Investment in digital education and training will be critical in nurturing talent and ensuring that the region will remain competitive in the future
Pavadinimų vartosena ikimokyklinio ir priešmokyklinio ugdymo studijų krypties baigiamuosiuose darbuose
No full text2022–2024 m. Kauno kolegijoje įgyvendintas projektas „Kalbos konsultacijų teikimas ikimokyklinio ir priešmokyklinio ugdymo studijų krypties baigiamųjų darbų rengėjams“. Viena iš projekto veiklų – baigiamųjų darbų patikra. Peržiūrėjus 204 baigiamuosius darbus, pastebėta pavadinimų rašybos normų nesilaikymo atvejų. Šiuo straipsniu siekiama atskleisti baigiamuosiuose darbuose vartojamų pavadinimų rašybos polinkius. Atlikus tyrimą, nustatyta, kad beveik trečdalis studentų klysta rašydami dokumentų, taip pat įstaigų, organizacijų ir jų padalinių pavadinimus. Septintadalyje darbų netinkamai rašomi švenčių ir atmintinų dienų pavadinimai. Rečiau klystama rašant įvairių spaudinių (knygų, žurnalų, straipsnių ar pan.) pavadinimus. Be šių, rasta netaisyklingai rašant metodų, švietimo įstaigų ugdytinių grupių, žaidimų, istorinių įvykių ar epochų ir kitus pavadinimus. Išnagrinėjus būdingiausias baigiamųjų darbų pavadinimų rašybos klaidas, galima daryti prielaidą, kad esama pavadinimų rašymo spragų ir kad baigiamųjų darbų rengėjai greičiausiai nesupranta rašantys netaisyklingai, kitaip tariant, tiesioginės reikšmės ar simbolinius pavadinimus jie kai kuriais atvejais suvokia ne kaip pavadinimus, o kaip bendrinius žodžius, tam tikrais atvejais simbolinius pavadinimus sutapatina su tiesioginės reikšmės pavadinimais. Dažniausiai klystama tada, kai pavadinimas naujas ir (ar) negirdėtas, nefiksuojamas Valstybinės lietuvių kalbos komisijos Konsultacijų banke. Tokiais atvejais sunkiau pritaikoma painesnė, išimčių turinti ar retesnė rašybos taisyklė. Tyrimas atskleidė, kad daugiausia neaiškumų kyla rašant tiesioginės reikšmės pavadinimus. Be viso to, linkstama simbolinių pavadinimų, vartojamų prieš gimininius žodžius arba be jų, nelinksniuoti
Integration of artificial intelligence into graphic design processes
No full textRecent years were highlighted by the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology that has already become part of our everyday lives, although it has brought many debates in society about its usage.Quite a few resources on the Internet have built-in neural networks that were trained to work on particular types of tasks. It can be used in different areas of our lives for different purposes. Working well on tasks related to calculation, processing, and managing large amounts of data, it can be seen how AI is advancing. Not just in fields that require logical thinking but also in the area that was thought to be a human prerogative—creativity. A visible impact of this technology can currently be seen in graphic design, which future is already hard to imagine without AI integration. Along with rising capabilities in handling creativity-related tasks, it raises questions about its future influence on the design.AI tools are able to automate the design process, assist with many routine tasks, generate high-resolution illustrations from the text prompt, and design brand identity elements. They are also able to do a lot of other things that change workflow by taking part of work that previously required much time and attention. Being integrated into applications and web resources with intuitive and user-friendly interfaces, the popularity of AI-based tools such as MidJourney, DALL·E, Ideogram, Recraft etc. is rising more and more. These tools are available for everyone, without skill-level limitations, that allow designers, from students to professionals, create high-quality designs with minimal efforts.In this conference paper were analyzed the main ways and tendencies of using AI in the design process. It examined how designers can benefit from using it while working on their routine tasks and how it helps to enhance workflow, automating processes and increasing efficiency, despite the problem with possible originality limitations
Building resilience: the role of senior talent management in adaptive organizational structures
No full textIn light of an ageing workforce, the paper explores how senior talent plays a critical role in improving organisational flexibility, which is necessary for long-term corporate growth. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews from a variety of European sectors in light of the growing proportion of older workers. According to the results, senior staff members greatly improve their capacity for problem-solving, which has a favourable effect on decision-making procedures and the general performance of the company during changes. Specifically, 75% of managers surveyed highlighted that senior employees significantly enhance problem-solving capabilities during periods of organisational transition. Executive skill also favours intense training and mentoring programs that stimulate intergenerational collaboration and are a talent management best-practice knowledge bank. Mentoring programs initiated by older workers, for instance, were discovered to enhance team performance by establishing knowledge sharing and intergenerational collaboration. It also lists age discrimination and a lack of opportunity for older workers to progress as some of the more compelling reasons for the need for a strong diversity policy. Almost 40% of the respondents reported that they had personally experienced age-related biases in decisions related to recruitment or retention, which should be taken care of by inclusive policies. It emphasises the strategic value of good senior people management in increasing organisational flexibility and ensuring that organisations can continue to be competitive in a fast-changing marketplace. Organisations that adopted the upskilling programs for older workers also saw strong rises in the engagement and productivity levels of this part of the workforce. This paper provides hands-on guidance to organisational senior talent on how they can improve their succession management plans pertaining to the utilisation of the knowledge and expertise of seniors for further long-term company expansion. These recommendations include creating age-inclusive work cultures, offering continuous learning opportunities, and leveraging older workers’ unique soft skills, such as emotional intelligence and leadership, to navigate complex business challenges
Match-fixing: socio-economic and psychological factors
No full textThe topic of this article is Match-fixing: socio-economic and psychological drivers. The topic’s relevance lies within the core principle of sports: fair competition between teams or individual athletes. The research problem: what are the socio-economic and psychological factors that drive individuals to engage in match-fixing? Socio-economic and psychological factors were identified as the research’s object. The aim was to research and review relevant literature about cheating in sports, which would help define those driving factors. The research method used in this article is a literature review. Across the research, the most common reason for involvement in match-fixing was personal or financial gain. The second most common reason was to help others, either family, friends, or elders. Threats from gang members, peer pressure, and the commonality of such behavior in the environment were also mentioned as driving factors to get involved in match-fixing. Some scientific articles concluded that the older the athlete, the less the probability she or he has of being involved in match-fixing. On the contrary, other articles came to a different conclusion and stated that younger athletes have a higher chance of being involved. Moreover, while a certain article concluded that the athletes’ skill levels and justification of match-fixing do not correlate, another drew a conclusion saying that more successful athletes are less likely to engage in match-fixing activities. Some scientific articles considered differences between genders. It was found that Lithuanian men justify illegal behaviors more than women, and Australian men are more likely to be involved in corruption than women. However, this could be viewed as a universal trend, because no evidence of gender differences was found among other countries. Scientific articles stated that there is a gap in understanding the characteristics of people involved in match-fixing activities and a lack of studies based on testimonies and interviews with athletes who were involved in match-fixing or know someone who has been involved. Studies that would use primary research data mining methods to acquire first-hand observations, emotions, and knowledge could be beneficial to further examine socio-economic and psychological factors that drive individuals to engage in match-fixing and could help to better understand their characters
Vidinio plačiojo raumens viskoelastinių savybių bei kūno masės indekso sąsajos po kelio sąnario endoprotezavimo
No full textDaugiau nei pusė pacientų, kuriems atliekamas kelio sąnario endoprotezavimas, yra nutukę (Odum ir kt., 2013). Be lokalaus uždegimo, sukelto tiesiamojo mechanizmo pažeidimo operacijos metu, juos veikia ir lėtinis sisteminis uždegimas, susijęs su nutukimu. Blogėja sisteminė kraujotaka, mažėja raumeninis audinys, didėja nekontraktilinio audinio ir intraraumeninių riebalų kiekis, vystosi atsparumas insulinui. Šio tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti vidinio plačiojo raumens viskoelastinių savybių sąsajas su KMI po kelio sąnario endoprotezavimo. Palangos reabilitacijos ligoninėje atliktas kiekybinis, vienmomentinis skerspjūvio tyrimas. Duomenys buvo renkami nuo 2020-06-30 iki 2020-09-30. Tyrime dalyvavo 21 (68,2 ± 4,61 metų) pacientas po kelio sąnario endoprotezavimo operacijos. Atsižvelgiant į KMI, tiriamieji suskirstyti į tris grupes. I grupės tiriamieji turėjo antsvorį, II grupės – I laipsnio nutukimą, III grupės – II laipsnio nutukimą. Kiekvienoje grupėje buvo po 7 tiriamuosius. Praėjus savaitei po operacijos, tirtas operuotos kojos vidinio plačiojo raumens tonusas (raumens osciliacijos dažnis), elastingumas (raumens gęstančių virpesių logaritminis dekrementas) ir kietumas naudojant rankinį „MyotonPRO“ miotonometrą. Kūno masės indeksas vertintas taikant KMI skaičiuoklę. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant SPSS 25,0 statistinės analizės paketus. Ryšiui tarp parametrų įvertinti pasitelktas neparametrinis Spirmeno koreliacijos koeficentas r, įvertintas jo patikimumas. Esant p < 0,05, koreliacijos koeficientas vertintas kaip statistiškai reikšmingas. Visų grupių tiriamųjų vidinio plačiojo raumens viskoelastinių savybių sąsajų su KMI rezultatai parodė vidutinio stiprumo atvirkštinį KMI ryšį su vidinio plačiojo raumens kietumu (r = –0,56, p < 0,01) ir tonusu (r = –0,48, p < 0,03). Atlikus vidinio plačiojo raumens viskoelastinių savybių ir KMI koreliacijos analizę atskirose tiriamųjų grupėse, statistiškai reikšmingų rezultatų nenustatėme. Esant II laipsnio nutukimui, vidinio plačiojo raumens viskoelastinės savybės buvo blogesnės nei esant antsvoriui ar I laipsnio nutukimui, o elastingumo rodikliai tarp grupių statistiškai reikšmingai nesiskyrė
Communication competence in the activities of law enforcement institutions
No full textThe article aims to investigate and assess communication competence in law enforcement by creating a clear understanding of current challenges, possible ways of improvement, and means of increasing the effectiveness of professional interaction. To achieve this aim, the following objectives were set: to discuss the concept of communication competence, review the theoretical aspects of communication competence in law enforcement, and investigate the peculiarities of communication competence in law enforcement institutions.The analysis of the scientific literature has shown that, in a general sense, competence is the ability of a person with self-organisation skills to act in an organised and purposeful way. Professional communication consists of specific aspects that are related to professional competencies. In law enforcement, communication is an essential part of law and order and public safety. Basic principles such as humanness, professionalism, clarity, confidentiality, trust, and proportionality ensure effective performance. Law enforcement officers need not only in-depth professional knowledge but also effective communication skills. Communication is legally regulated by codes of ethics, public relations legislation, and professional standards. Constant public criticism increases the pressure on institutions to communicate effectively and be accountable.The study shows that strong communication and cooperation skills are essential in law enforcement. The right management attitude, collaborative management, legal education, and specific rules are all components of mandatory communication competence. For law enforcement officers, it is not only knowledge that is important but also the ability to communicate safely and tactfully. Law enforcement communication is important for public safety, reputation, and transparency. The study showed a lack of expertise, particularly in relation to new technologies and emotional management. By promoting continuous improvement, cooperation with partners, and devoting more resources to improving communication skills, law enforcement institutions can serve the public more effectively
Stability of the cash register receipt depending on the thermal paper used
No full textThe consumption of thermal paper has globally increased due to a wide variety of commercial applications including point-of-sale (POS) receipts, luggage tags, faxes, and labels. This type of paper is specially used for cash register printing paper and therefore its quality directly affects the quality of printing, stability and resistance during storage of receipt printouts. Often such prints end up in the trashcan very quickly after a purchase, but sometimes is an interest in saving them after buying products that have a guaranteed period of 2 years or more. Therefore, in this study, the comparison of two different cash register thermal papers (white and blue) was made based on paper characteristics, while the stability on them printed receipt was determined based on the change in colorimetric values after their exposure to a certain treatment. Three types of stability analysis were done which include sample exposure to light, pressure and water. Since colorimetric changes in the colour of cash register thermal paper and receipt are a visible sign of their quality degradation, the influence of contact with water, pressure and light was observed through ΔE*00. Under the influence of water and light cash register receipt on white thermal paper faded but stayed permanent on blue one. Also, receipts printed on blue thermal paper were more stable to rub and there was less colour transfer. It has been proven that blue cash register thermal paper is more stable than white one, and so are the receipts printed on that type of thermal paper