Czasopisma Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
Not a member yet
6232 research outputs found
Sort by
EFFECTS OF SALT STRESS ON SOME GROWTH PARAMETERS AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Get PDFSalinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that affect plant cell metabolism and reduce plant productivity. In the study, some growth and biochemical characteristics of two different types of dwarf and lantern beans were investigated. The study was carried out in an aeroponic environment in a fully controlled climate room with 6 repetitions according to a completely randomized experimental design. In the experiment where two bean types (dwarf and pole types) were used as material, four different salt doses (0, 25, 50, 100 mM NaCl) were used for the salt stress conditions desired to be created. In the study, root length, seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weights, and leaf area were measured as some growth parameters, while MDA, APX, CAT, SOD activities, and proline and chlorophyll content were observed as biochemical parameters.For both genotypes, salinity induced a marked reduction in growth parameters. In parallel with the aggravation of salinity stress conditions, an increase in MDA, SOD, and proline content occurred. In the other investigated biochemical enzyme activities (APX and CAT), there was an increase up to a certain dose compared to the control and a decrease in the subsequent doses. Additionally, it has been determined that chlorophyll content is stable until the third dose but a significant decrease started after the fourth salt application. These results show that there has been a significant increase in enzymatic defense systems to reduce the effects of salt-induced stress in beans, and it has been observed that dwarf and pole bean types show close responses to salt stress.Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that affect plant cell metabolism and reduce plant productivity. In the study, some growth and biochemical characteristics of two different types of dwarf and lantern beans were investigated. The study was carried out in an aeroponic environment in a fully controlled climate room with 6 repetitions according to a completely randomized experimental design. In the experiment where two bean types (dwarf and pole types) were used as material, four different salt doses (0, 25, 50, 100 mM NaCl) were used for the salt stress conditions desired to be created. In the study, root length, seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weights, and leaf area were measured as some growth parameters, while MDA, APX, CAT, SOD activities, and proline and chlorophyll content were observed as biochemical parameters.For both genotypes, salinity induced a marked reduction in growth parameters. In parallel with the aggravation of salinity stress conditions, an increase in MDA, SOD, and proline content occurred. In the other investigated biochemical enzyme activities (APX and CAT), there was an increase up to a certain dose compared to the control and a decrease in the subsequent doses. Additionally, it has been determined that chlorophyll content is stable until the third dose but a significant decrease started after the fourth salt application. These results show that there has been a significant increase in enzymatic defense systems to reduce the effects of salt-induced stress in beans, and it has been observed that dwarf and pole bean types show close responses to salt stress
‘Kordia’ sweet cherry fruit quality as function of the rootstock and storage conditions
Get PDFSweet cherry fruit of the cultivar ‘Kordia’ derived from trees growing on the GiSelA 5®, Colt and Mazzard F12/1 rootstocks were harvested at the stage of consumption maturity and stored for three weeks in control atmosphere – CA (20% CO2 and 3% O2, RH 90%, 2 ±0.5°C), modified atmosphere packaging – MAP (2–4% CO2, 13–18% O2, 2°C ± 0.5°C) and air atmosphere – AA (RH 80%, 2 ±0.5°C). The rootstocks had a significant effect on all tested fruit quality parameters directly after harvest, except for respiration rate in the first year and fruit titratable acidity in the second year of the study. After sweet cherry storage, the influence of the rootstock on most of fruit quality parameters was proven. The GiSelA 5® rootstock contributed to the preservation of high firmness, high soluble solids content and high soluble solids content/titratable acidity (SSC/TA) ratio. MAP retained good fruit quality, although more favorable quality parameters were recorded after sweet cherry storage in CA, especially with regard to such features as fruit firmness, low respiration rate, small mass loss, low percentage of fungal diseases and good preservation of green color of the stem. Sweet cherry fruit of the cultivar ‘Kordia’ derived from trees growing on the GiSelA 5®, Colt and Mazzard F12/1 rootstocks were harvested at the stage of consumption maturity and stored for three weeks in control atmosphere – CA (20% CO2 and 3% O2, RH 90%, 2 ±0.5°C), modified atmosphere packaging – MAP (2–4% CO2, 13–18% O2, 2°C ± 0.5°C) and air atmosphere – AA (RH 80%, 2 ±0.5°C). The rootstocks had a significant effect on all tested fruit quality parameters directly after harvest, except for respiration rate in the first year and fruit titratable acidity in the second year of the study. After sweet cherry storage, the influence of the rootstock on most of fruit quality parameters was proven. The GiSelA 5® rootstock contributed to the preservation of high firmness, high soluble solids content and high soluble solids content/titratable acidity (SSC/TA) ratio. MAP retained good fruit quality, although more favorable quality parameters were recorded after sweet cherry storage in CA, especially with regard to such features as fruit firmness, low respiration rate, small mass loss, low percentage of fungal diseases and good preservation of green color of the stem. 
Correlations between stem anatomy and growth vigor in selected plum rootstock genotypes
Get PDFTurkey is particularly one of the centres of origin where many cultivars of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., P. institia L. and P. spinosa L. occured. These species have been worldwide considered with their rootstock features. In this study, correlations between plant growth vigor and sturucture of vascular elements in some plum rootstock genotypes were examined. For this purpose, 12 different wild P. cerasifera genotypes were used together with some commercially evaluated rootstocks as control. Results showed that plant elongation augmented in parallel with the increments in xylem diameter and xylem area ratio. Increases in cortex area ratio decreased the tree height. Moreover, the plant height was decreased by the elongation of xylem vessels in the vertical axis, but was increased by the decrease in xylem vessel area and the decrease in xylem vessel area increased the plant height. Comparing the entire evaluating genotypes, T7 and B9 were the most dwarf, while 17 and B6 the most vigorous once was concluded. In this study, a method which would accelerate the rootstock breeding works by using the structure of plant vascular elements, to predict the growth vigour as a pre-selection criteria which is important in plum rootstock selection was exposed.Turkey is particularly one of the centres of origin where many cultivars of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., P. institia L. and P. spinosa L. occured. These species have been worldwide considered with their rootstock features. In this study, correlations between plant growth vigor and sturucture of vascular elements in some plum rootstock genotypes were examined. For this purpose, 12 different wild P. cerasifera genotypes were used together with some commercially evaluated rootstocks as control. Results showed that plant elongation augmented in parallel with the increments in xylem diameter and xylem area ratio. Increases in cortex area ratio decreased the tree height. Moreover, the plant height was decreased by the elongation of xylem vessels in the vertical axis, but was increased by the decrease in xylem vessel area and the decrease in xylem vessel area increased the plant height. Comparing the entire evaluating genotypes, T7 and B9 were the most dwarf, while 17 and B6 the most vigorous once was concluded. In this study, a method which would accelerate the rootstock breeding works by using the structure of plant vascular elements, to predict the growth vigour as a pre-selection criteria which is important in plum rootstock selection was exposed
Humulus lupulus L. (Hop) Based Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Enzyme Inhibition Effects
No full textSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known to have antimicrobial activity, but very little is known about the effect of AgNPs on various enzyme activities. They (AgNPs) are valuable metal nanoparticles that exhibit exceptional properties compared to their bulk materials. Humulus lupulus L. (hops) is an important medicinal aromatic plant used in industry. It has many compounds such as phenolic, flavonoids, tannins, etc. In this study, green syntheses of Humulus lupulus L. based silver nanoparticles were performed. Accordingly, it was determined that HL-AgNPs gave maximum absorbance at approximately 450 nm and nanoparticle sizes ranged from 30.60 nm to 36.72 nm. The potential peaks of the prepared aqueous extract and HL-AgNPs were determined using FTIR-ATR. It was determined that the synthesized nanoparticles gave 2296.89 cm–1, 1161.05 cm–1, 1112.34 cm–1 peaks. Total phenolic content of HL-AgNPs was determined as 30.62 ±0.02 mg GAE/mL, and DPPH· radical scavenging activity IC50 value was determined as 4.4 ±0.01 mg/mL. Inhibitory effects of HL-AgNPs on α-amylase, α-glycosidase and urease enzymes were studied and IC50 values were determined as 3.10 ±0.01 mg/mL, 9.42 ±0.02 mg/mL and 0.76 ±0.01 mg/mL, respectively. The synthesizedHumulus lupulus L. based silver nanoparticles showed better biochemical activity than the prepared Humuluslupulus L. aqueous extract. It is clear that it is possible to use HL-AgNPs obtained by green synthesis in various biomedical applications.Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known to have antimicrobial activity, but very little is known about the effect of AgNPs on various enzyme activities. They (AgNPs) are valuable metal nanoparticles that exhibit exceptional properties compared to their bulk materials. Humulus lupulus L. (hops) is an important medicinal aromatic plant used in industry. It has many compounds such as phenolic, flavonoids, tannins, etc. In this study, green syntheses of Humulus lupulus L. based silver nanoparticles were performed. Accordingly, it was determined that HL-AgNPs gave maximum absorbance at approximately 450 nm and nanoparticle sizes ranged from 30.60 nm to 36.72 nm. The potential peaks of the prepared aqueous extract and HL-AgNPs were determined using FTIR-ATR. It was determined that the synthesized nanoparticles gave 2296.89 cm–1, 1161.05 cm–1, 1112.34 cm–1 peaks. Total phenolic content of HL-AgNPs was determined as 30.62 ±0.02 mg GAE/mL, and DPPH· radical scavenging activity IC50 value was determined as 4.4 ±0.01 mg/mL. Inhibitory effects of HL-AgNPs on α-amylase, α-glycosidase and urease enzymes were studied and IC50 values were determined as 3.10 ±0.01 mg/mL, 9.42 ±0.02 mg/mL and 0.76 ±0.01 mg/mL, respectively. The synthesizedHumulus lupulus L. based silver nanoparticles showed better biochemical activity than the prepared Humuluslupulus L. aqueous extract. It is clear that it is possible to use HL-AgNPs obtained by green synthesis in various biomedical applications
First report of the Rotylenchus agnetis Szczygieł, 1968, Rotylenchus pumilus Perry, 1959 and Paratylenchus nanus Cobb, 1923 associated with Miscanthus x giganteus in Ukraine
No full textDuring a survey of plant parasitic nematodes associated with Miscanthus × giganteus which was carried out in Ukraine in 2016–2017, an occurrence of Rotylenchus agnetis Szczygieł, 1968, Rotylenchus pumilus Perry, 1959 and Paratylenchus nanus Cobb, 1923 was found. To the best of our knowledge this is the first record of a parasite species which can damage M. × giganteus. The species were described morphologically and using molecular tools. Further profound study on pathogenicity of those species is needed.During a survey of plant parasitic nematodes associated with Miscanthus × giganteus which was carried out in Ukraine in 2016–2017, an occurrence of Rotylenchus agnetis Szczygieł, 1968, Rotylenchus pumilus Perry, 1959 and Paratylenchus nanus Cobb, 1923 was found. To the best of our knowledge this is the first record of a parasite species which can damage M. × giganteus. The species were described morphologically and using molecular tools. Further profound study on pathogenicity of those species is needed
Ocena wartości produkcyjnej kilkudziesięciu odmian śliwy na podkładce z ałyczy w rejonie Wrocławia
Get PDFThe experiment was established at the Fruit Experimental Station Samotwór near Wrocław in 1993–2002. The aim of this study was to estimate the production value of 22 plum cultivars grafted on ‘Myrobalan’ seedlings (Prunus divaricata). Results of the study proved that ‘aanska Najbolja’ and ‘Magna Glauca’ cultivars were the most vigorous, while ‘Bluefre’ and ‘Auerbacher’ were characterised by the weakest growth. ‘Bluefre’, ’President’, ‘Ontario’ and ‘Auerbacher’ cvs. were the most productive. Mean fruit weight was significantly dependent on the cultivar, too. Among the tested cultivar, the biggest fruit was obtained from ‘President’, ‘Valor’, ‘Bluefre’ and ‘Ontario’ trees. The most sensitive to plum pox virus (symptoms on fruit and leaves) appeared ‘Węgierka Zwykła’, ’Węgierka Zimmera’, ‘Ortenauer’ and ‘Magna Glauca’.W latach 1993–2002, w Sadowniczej Stacji Badawczo-Dydaktycznej w miejscowości Samotwór koło Wrocławia, przeprowadzono badania majace na celu ocenę wartości gospodarczej 22 odmian śliwy uszlachetnionych na podkładce z ałyczy. Na podstawie wieloletnich wyników stwierdzono, że najsilniej rosły drzewa odmian Čačanska Najbolja i Magna Glauca, natomiast najsłabiej ‘Bluefre’ oraz ‘Auerbacher’. Najwyższą plennością charakteryzowały się odmiany Bluefre i President, a w nasadzeniu kolekcyjnym ‘Ontario’ i ‘Auerbacher’. Największe owoce zbierano ze śliw ‘President’, ‘Valor’, ‘Bluefre’ oraz ‘Ontario’. Duzą podatnością na szarkę (silne objawy na liściach i owocach) odznaczyły się ‘Węgierki Zwykła’ i ‘Zimmera’ oraz ‘Ortenauer’ i ‘Magna Glauca’
Evaluating chemical and thermal weed suppression in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) cultivation
Get PDFThe usefulness of 3 herbicides and flame weeding in lemon balm sown directly into the field was assessed in a two-year experiment. Glufosinate-ammonium (600 g∙ha–1) and flame weeding (90 kg propane∙ha–1) were applied 12–13 days after lemon balm sowing, i.e. shortly after weed emergence and 4 days before crop emergence. Bentazon (960 g∙ha–1) and fluazifop-P-butyl (150 g∙ha–1) were sprayed approximately 3 weeks after sowing, during the emergence of lemon balm, and when the weeds were in the cotyledon – 2–4 true leaves stage. All of the studied weed control methods significantly reduced the number and fresh weight of weeds growing 4 weeks after lemon balm sowing. The most effective method was spraying with glufosinate-ammonium, which controlled 69–76% of weeds. The efficiency of flame weeding was slightly lower. Bentazon caused slight, temporary chlorosis of some lemon balm cotyledons. Content of essential oil (1.9–2.1%), its composition and content of rosmarinic acid (2.08–2.44%) in lemon balm leaves, as well as content of total nitrogen (2.18–2.55%), phosphorus (0.30–0.32%), potassium (2.94–3.22%), calcium (1.02–1.60%), and magnesium (0.30–0.32%) in lemon balm raw material were independent of the weeding method. Content of essential oil, phosphorus, potassium and calcium were significantly higher in the dryer year. Studied weed control methods proved useful in the cultivation of lemon balm from direct sowing into the field. Methods with total action (flaming and glufosinate-ammonium) were more effective than those with selective herbicides (bentazon and fluazifop-P-butyl).The usefulness of 3 herbicides and flame weeding in lemon balm sown directly into the field was assessed in a two-year experiment. Glufosinate-ammonium (600 g∙ha–1) and flame weeding (90 kg propane∙ha–1) were applied 12–13 days after lemon balm sowing, i.e. shortly after weed emergence and 4 days before crop emergence. Bentazon (960 g∙ha–1) and fluazifop-P-butyl (150 g∙ha–1) were sprayed approximately 3 weeks after sowing, during the emergence of lemon balm, and when the weeds were in the cotyledon – 2–4 true leaves stage. All of the studied weed control methods significantly reduced the number and fresh weight of weeds growing 4 weeks after lemon balm sowing. The most effective method was spraying with glufosinate-ammonium, which controlled 69–76% of weeds. The efficiency of flame weeding was slightly lower. Bentazon caused slight, temporary chlorosis of some lemon balm cotyledons. Content of essential oil (1.9–2.1%), its composition and content of rosmarinic acid (2.08–2.44%) in lemon balm leaves, as well as content of total nitrogen (2.18–2.55%), phosphorus (0.30–0.32%), potassium (2.94–3.22%), calcium (1.02–1.60%), and magnesium (0.30–0.32%) in lemon balm raw material were independent of the weeding method. Content of essential oil, phosphorus, potassium and calcium were significantly higher in the dryer year. Studied weed control methods proved useful in the cultivation of lemon balm from direct sowing into the field. Methods with total action (flaming and glufosinate-ammonium) were more effective than those with selective herbicides (bentazon and fluazifop-P-butyl)
Bud clusters of Spathiphyllum cultivars: a novel way to propagate peace lilies in vitro
Get PDFA special organ formation appearing on the inflorescences of Spathiphyllum cultivars, which has not been described so far in the literature was studied in vivo and in vitro. Histological examination revealed that they are not callus, but bud-like formulas or dwarf shoots growing in groups, which contain highly differentiated tissues, have a shoot axis, meristematic regions, and leaf primordia. These bud clusters have been shown to be propagable in vitro on both solid and liquid media, for which benzyladenine and thidiazuron cytokinins may be recommended. The process of shoot regeneration from these bud clusters was also investigated, which can be accelerated by inhibitors of gibberellin biosynthesis. This study presents a propagation method which is based on organogenesis, thus providing high genetic stability, while incorporating the advantages of liquid culture, allowing the further development of a simplified large-scale bioreactor propagation system for Spathiphyllum species.A special organ formation appearing on the inflorescences of Spathiphyllum cultivars, which has not been described so far in the literature was studied in vivo and in vitro. Histological examination revealed that they are not callus, but bud-like formulas or dwarf shoots growing in groups, which contain highly differentiated tissues, have a shoot axis, meristematic regions, and leaf primordia. These bud clusters have been shown to be propagable in vitro on both solid and liquid media, for which benzyladenine and thidiazuron cytokinins may be recommended. The process of shoot regeneration from these bud clusters was also investigated, which can be accelerated by inhibitors of gibberellin biosynthesis. This study presents a propagation method which is based on organogenesis, thus providing high genetic stability, while incorporating the advantages of liquid culture, allowing the further development of a simplified large-scale bioreactor propagation system for Spathiphyllum species
The effect of nature-based practices on the values of pre-school children
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı, doğa temelli uygulamaların okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının değerleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Doğa temelli uygulamaların çocukların değerleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek üzere öntest-sontest ve kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada bağımlı değişken "çocukların davranışa dönüşen değerleri", bağımsız değişken ise "Doğa Temelli Etkinlik Programı" olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma grubu belirlenirken benzeşik örnekleme yönteminden yararlanılırak; Diyarbakır ili Kayapınar ilçesinde bulunan bağımsız bir anaokuluna devam eden yaşları 60-72 ay aralığında değişen çocuklardan deney ve kontrol grupları belirlenmiştir. Her bir grupta 22 çocuk olmak üzere toplamda 44 çocuk ile çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Gür (2013) tarafından geliştirilen "Davranışta Değerler Ölçeği" ile toplanmıştır. Davranışta Değerler Ölçeği deney öncesi ve deney sonrası hem programa katılan gruba (deney grubu) hem de geleneksel eğitime devam eden gruba (kontrol grubu) uygulanmıştır. Ölçekten elde edilen verilerin analizi yapılırken Bağımlı Örnekler t Testi ve Bağımsız Örnekler t Testi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerden yola çıkılarak doğa temelli uygulamaların okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının değer kazanımları üzerinde etkili ve kalıcı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre okul öncesi öğretmenlerine, ebeveynlere, araştırmacılara ve eğitim programcılarına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.The aim of this research is to determine the effect of nature-based practices on the values of preschool children. In order to determine the effect of nature based practices on children's values, semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and control groups was used. In the study, the dependent variable was determined as "values of children transforming into behavior" and the independent variable was determined as "Nature Based Activity Program". While determining the study group, homogeneous sampling method was used; experimental and control groups were determined from children aged between 60 and 72 months, attending an independent kindergarten in the Kayapınar district of Diyarbakır province. It was studied with 44 children, 22 children from the experimental group and 22 children from the control group. The data of the research were collected through the "Behavior Values Scale for Children" developed byGür (2013). "Behavior Values Scale" was applied to both the group participating in the program (experimental group) and the traditional education group (control group) before and after the experiment. While analyzing the data obtained from the scale, Paired Sample t test and Independent t Test were used. Based on the analyzes made, it was concluded that nature-based practices are effective and permanent on the value acquisition of preschool children. According to the results of the research, suggestions were made to preschool teachers, parents, researchers and legislators
Comparison of project and idiom vocabulary of bilingual students (Şanlıurfa province example)
No full textAraştırmanın amacı; iki dilli (Arapça-Türkçe) öğrenciler ile tek dilli öğrencilerin atasözü ve deyim söz varlıklarının incelenerek karşılaştırılmalarının yapılması ve bir değerlendirmeye ulaşılmasıdır. Bundan hareketle 82 ifadelik bir anket formu hazırlanmış ve Şanlıurfa ilinin Haliliye ilçesinde bulunan, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı Resmi İmam Hatip Ortaokulu ve Resmi Ortaokulunda öğrenim gören ilköğretim 7. sınıf öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Uygulama 2022-2023 eğitim- öğretim döneminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplamda 200 öğrenciye uygulanan anket formuyla elde edilen veriler, tek tek incelenmiş bulgular sayısal olarak ifade edilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda iki dilli (Arapça- Türkçe) öğrencilerin atasözü- deyim ayrımını kavramada güçlük çektikleri, atasözlerini cümle içinde kullanmada deyimlere göre zorlandıkları veya kullanamadıkları, anket formunda yer alan veya formdan ayrı olarak dağarcıklarında bulunan söz varlıklarının tek dilli öğrencilere göre belirgin bir şekilde az olduğu, söz varlıklarındaki mecaz anlamı kavramada tek dilli öğrencilere göre zorlandıkları veya kavrayamadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İki dilli öğrenciler ile tek dilli öğrencilerin ankette verdikleri cevaplar incelendiğinde, iki dilli öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğunun yazma ve dolayısıyla okuma konusunda da tek dilli öğrencilere göre sorunları oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca iki dilli-tek dilli ayrımı yapılmadan tüm öğrencilerin formlara verdikleri cevaplardan hareketle büyük çoğunluğunun bildikleri atasözü-deyim sayısının az olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrenci dağarcıklarındaki söz varlığı sayısını arttırmak ve bahsi geçen sorunları en aza indirmek için birtakım öneriler sunulmuştur. Anahtar Sözcükler: Atasözü, Deyim, İki dillilik, Söz VarlığıPurpose of the research; The aim of this study is to compare the proverbs and idioms vocabulary of bilingual (Arabic-Turkish) students and monolingual students and reach an evaluation. Based on this, a questionnaire with 82 statements was prepared and applied to 7th grade primary school students studying at the Official Imam Hatip Secondary School and the Official Secondary School affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in the Haliliye district of Şanlıurfa. The implementation was carried out in the 2022-2023 academic year. The data obtained by the questionnaire applied to 200 students in total, were analyzed one by one and the findings were expressed numerically. At the end of the research, it was found that bilingual students (Arabic-Turkish) had difficulty in understanding the difference between proverbs and idioms, they had difficulty in using proverbs in sentences compared to idioms or they could not use them, and the vocabulary in the questionnaire form or in their repertoire separately from the form was significantly less than that of monolingual students. It was concluded that, compared to monolingual students, they had difficulty or could not comprehend the figurative meaning in vocabulary. When the answers given by bilingual students and monolingual students were examined, it was determined that the majority of bilingual students had problems in writing and therefore reading compared to monolingual students. In addition, based on the answers given by all students to the forms without making a bilingual-monolingual distinction, it was determined that the number of proverbs and idioms that the majority of them knew was low. Some suggestions are presented to increase the number of vocabulary in students' vocabulary and to minimize the aforementioned problems. Key words: Proverb, Expression, bilingualism, Vocabular