Czasopisma Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
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Clustering honey samples with unsupervised machine learning methods using FTIR data
No full textThis study utilizes Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) data from honey samples to cluster and categorize them based on their spectral characteristics. The aim is to group similar samples together, revealing patterns and aiding in classification. The process begins by determining the number of clusters using the elbow method, resulting in five distinct clusters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is then applied to reduce the dataset's dimensionality by capturing its significant variances. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) further refines the sample clusters. 20% of the data, representing identified clusters, is randomly selected for testing, while the remainder serves as training data for a deep learning algorithm employing a multilayer perceptron (MLP). Following training, the test data are evaluated, revealing an impressive 96.15% accuracy. Accuracy measures the machine learning model's ability to predict class labels for new data accurately. This approach offers reliable honey sample clustering without necessitating extensive preprocessing. Moreover, its swiftness and cost-effectiveness enhance its practicality. Ultimately, by leveraging FTIR spectral data, this method successfully identifies similarities among honey samples, enabling efficient categorization and demonstrating promise in the field of spectral analysis in food science
Yaygın din eğitimi aracı olarak Diyanet Çocuk Takvimi'nin çocukluk dönemi gelişim özellikleri açısından incelenmesi (2021 yılı takvimi)
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı, Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı tarafından hazırlanan Diyanet Çocuk Takvimi'nin çocukların gelişim özelliklerine uygunluğunu test etmektir. Bu amaçla 2021 yılı Diyanet Çocuk Takvimi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanması ve analizinde ise içerik analizi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Diyanet Çocuk Takviminin 2021 yılı takvimi önce basılı olarak temin edilmiş, yapılan görüşmeler neticesinde aynı takvimin PDF formatı Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı'ndan mail yoluyla alınmıştır. Takvimin PDF formatı içerik analizi programlarından MAXQUDA'ya yüklenmiş ve yapılan kodlamalar neticesinde 5 ana temaya ulaşılmıştır. Bu 5 tema sayısal verileriyle birlikte ilkokul döneminde yer alan çocukların gelişim özelliklerine göre analiz edilerek bulgular raporlaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Diyanet Çocuk Takvimi'nin çocukların gelişim özelliklerine uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fakat takvimlerin farklı çalışmalarla desteklenmesi ve bazı tekrar eden kısımların takvimlerden çıkarılması halinde takvimlerin eğitsel açıdan daha iyi düzeye geleceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda Diyanet Çocuk Takvimi'nin daha etkili ve verimli hale gelebilmesi için çocukların gelişim özellikleri de dikkate alınarak bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk, Gelişim, Dini Gelişim, Din Eğitimi, Takvim, Çocuk Takvimi.The aim of this study is to test the suitability of Religious Children's Calendars prepared by the Presidency of Religious Affairs for children's developmental characteristics. For this purpose, the Religious Children's Calendar for 2021 was analyzed. Document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The content analysis technique was used to collect and analyze the data. The 2021 calendar of the Religious Children's Calendar was first obtained in printed form, and as a result of the interviews, the PDF format of the same calendar was received from the Presidency of Religious Affairs via e-mail. The PDF format of the calendar was uploaded to MAXQUDA, one of the content analysis programs, and five main themes were reached as a result of the coding. These five themes were analyzed according to the developmental characteristics of children in the primary school period with their numerical data, and the findings were reported. As a result, it was determined that the Religious Children's Calendar is suitable for children's developmental characteristics. However, it was concluded that if the calendars are supported with different studies and some repetitive parts are removed from the calendars, the calendars will be better in terms of educational aspects. At the end of the study, some suggestions were made to make the Religious Children's Calendar more effective and efficient, taking into account the developmental characteristics of children. Keywords: Child, Development, Religious Development, Religious Education, Calendar, Children's Calendar
Fabrication of Oleic Acid Grafted Starch-based Hybrid Carriers for l-Asparaginase Encapsulation
No full textIn this study, artificial red blood cells (RBCs) for immobilization of l-asparaginase are developed. The artificial red blood cells are prepared via a self-assembly method and characterized by various methods. The prepared material shows a small hydrodynamic size of nearly 120 nm and a zeta potential of -7.2 +/- 0.2 mV. After l-asparaginase encapsulation, the particle size is nearly 295 nm and the zeta potential value is -9.8 +/- 0.1. As expected, the immobilized enzyme shows better pH stability and thermal stability than the free enzyme. For instance, at 60 degrees C, the immobilized enzyme maintains 63.5% of the original activity, while the free enzyme retains only 27.6% of the original activity. Furthermore, the immobilized enzyme exhibits excellent reusability and storage stability, retaining 46.1% of its initial activity after 15 reuses. Overall, the developed artificial RBCs can potentially be applied as a novel support for immobilization of l-asparaginase.Inonu University Scientific Research Projects Unit [BAP 2016/16]This work was supported by The Inonu University Scientific Research Projects Unit (Grant No. BAP 2016/16)
Factors associated with pulmonary function decline of patients in the cystic fibrosis registry of Turkey: A retrospective cohort study
No full textBackground: The decline in pulmonary function is a predictor of disease progression in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This study aimed to determine the decline rate of percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (ppFEV1) based on the data of the CF Registry of Turkey. The secondary aim was to investigate the risk factors related to the decline in ppFEV1. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of CF patients over 6 years old, with pulmonary function data over at least 2 years of follow-up was extracted from the national CF registry for years 2017-2019. Patients were classified according to disease severity and age groups. Multivariate analysis was used to predict the decline in ppFEV1 and to investigate the associated risk factors. Results: A total of 1722 pulmonary function test results were available from 574 patients over the study period. Mean diagnostic age was older and weight for age, height for age, and body mass index z scores were significantly lower in the group of ppFEV1 = 70 compared with the other (ppFEV1 = 70 (OR = 2.98 95% CI = 1.06-8.36), p = .038) were associated with significant ppFEV1 decline in the whole cohort. Conclusions: This data analysis recommends close follow-up of patients with normal initial ppFEV1 levels at baseline; advocates for early interventions for P. aeruginosa; and underlines the importance of nutritional interventions to slow down lung disease progression.The authors have no funding to report
Humanin's impact on pain markers and neuronal viability in diabetic neuropathy model
No full textObjective This study investigates the impact of chronic humanin (HN) treatment on pain-related markers (NMDA, substance P, TRPV1, and IL-1 beta) in diabetic mice's dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Additionally, we assess the effects of HN on cellular viability in DRG neurons. Methods In vivo experiments involved 15 days of HN administration (4 mg/kg) to diabetic mice (n = 10). Protein levels of NMDA, IL-1 beta, TRPV1, and substance P were measured in diabetic DRG. In vitro experiments explored HN's impact on apoptosis and cellular viability, focusing on the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Results Humanin significantly reduced the elevated expression of NMDA, IL-1 beta, TRPV1, and substance P induced by diabetes (p < .05). Furthermore, HN treatment increased cellular viability in DRG neurons through JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation (p < .05). Conclusion These findings highlight the significance of understanding mitochondrial function and pain markers, as well as apoptosis in diabetes. The study provides insights for managing the condition and its complications.Turkish Scientific Technical Research Organization (TUBITAK) [119R084]This study was supported by Turkish Scientific Technical Research Organization (TUBITAK) under Project No.: 119R084
Entertaining culture and change
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sosyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı, Sosyoloji Bilim DalıTarihsel süreç boyunca, toplumsal etkileşim içinde olan bireylerin hem toplu hem de bireysel zevk ve tercihleri olmuştur. Zaman ve mekâna bağlı olarak değişen bu tercihler, eğlence pratikleri şeklinde kendini göstermiştir. İnsanlar, günlük hayatın akışından kopmak, stresi hafifletmek ve manevi tatmine ulaşmak için farklı bir eğlence kültürü oluşturmuşlardır. Zamansal olarak, eğlence pratikleri teknolojik gelişmelere ve dönemin egemen düşüncelerine bağlı olarak dönüşüme uğramıştır. Ayrıca, eğlence kültürü mekânsal olarak çeşitli boyutlar kazanarak ticari özellikler edinmiş ve yeniden tanımlanmıştır. Bu nedenle eğlence kültürünün ve dönüşümünün teorik çerçevesinin oluşturulması kaçınılmaz hale gelmiştir. Eğlence pratiklerinin bireyler arasında etkileşime girmesi ve toplumsal önem kazanması nedeniyle konuya sosyolojik bir bakış açısı gerekmektedir. Eğlencenin ortaya çıkışı, işlevselliği, zaman ve mekâna bağlı olarak dönüşümü, kitle iletişim araçları aracılığıyla deneyim alanını genişletmesi gibi konular bu kavrama sosyolojik bir anlam kazandırmak için ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, eğlence kültürünün tarihsel deneyimlenme biçimleri ile günümüz uygulamaları arasındaki ilişki, ekonomi, din ve siyaset gibi çeşitli alanlarla ilişkisi de ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışma, eğlencenin zaman ve mekâna bağlı olarak nasıl değiştiğini inceleyerek, gözlemlenen dönüşümleri anlama temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, eğlence kavramı üzerine sosyoloji literatüründeki tartışmalara katkıda bulunmak ve bu yeni kültürün zaman içindeki evrimini aydınlatmaktır. Bu araştırmanın önemi ise, eğlence kavramı üzerine sosyoloji literatüründeki mevcut tartışmalara katkı sağlamak ve eğlence sosyolojisi alanında bağımsız bir araştırma yapmaktır.Throughout history, individuals' social interactions have played a significant role in shaping both personal and collective pleasures and preferences. These preferences, which have varied depending on time and place, have generally manifested through entertainment practices. People have developed different forms of entertainment as a means of escaping the monotony of daily life, coping with stress, and achieving spiritual satisfaction. In this context, entertainment practices have undergone temporal transformations in line with technological advancements and the prevailing ideologies of the period. Spatially, they have acquired various dimensions and have been redefined through the incorporation of commercial elements. Consequently, it has become essential to establish a theoretical framework for understanding the transformation of entertainment culture throughout history. Given the societal importance of entertainment practices and the way they are experienced by individuals, a sociological perspective is necessary. The emergence of entertainment, its functionality, its transformation over time and space, and the expansion of the experiential domain through mass media have been examined to impart a sociological meaning to this concept. Moreover, the relationship between the historical forms of experiencing entertainment and contemporary practices, as well as its connections to fields such as economy, religion, and politics, have also been addressed. This study aims to provide a foundation for understanding the observed transformations by examining how entertainment has changed over time and space. Its objective is to contribute to sociological discussions on the concept of entertainment within the literature and to shed light on the evolution of this new culture over time. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to the existing sociological debates on the concept of entertainment and in conducting independent research within the field of the sociology of entertainment
Effect of oxidative stress and ischemia modified album on postreperfusion syndrome in liver transplant recipients
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Ana Bilim DalıGiriş ve Amaç: Nakledilen sağlıklı karaciğer dokusunun reperfüzyonu sonrası gelişen, akut hemodinamik bozulma ve şiddetli hipotansiyon durumu ile tanımlana postreperfüzyon sendromu (PRS) genellikle nakil sonrası kötü sonucun önemli bir nedenidir. PRS etyolojisinde, serbest oksijen radikalleri suçlanmaktadır. İskemi Modifiye Albümin (İMA) oksidatif stresle ilişkili olduğu kanıtlanmış yeni bir biyobelirteçdir. Bu çalışma ile; PRS gelişiminde oksidatif stresin etkisini total antioksidan kapasitesinin (TAK) ve total oksidatif durumunun (TOS) ile belirlemeyi hedefledik. Ayrıca karaciğer alıcılardaki IMA düzeyi ölçerek oksidatif stresle ilişkisini incelemeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 18- 65 yaş arasındaki canlı vericili karaciğer nakli yapılan toplam 45 karaciğer alıcısı dahil edildi. Kullanılacak ilaçlardan birine alerjisi olan, ? adrenerjik bloker veya Ca++ kanal blokürü alan, allopurinol, heparin ile tedavi görenler, non-steroidal antiinflamatuar ve vitamin kullananlar, sigara kullanma öyküsü olanlar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Olgular ameliyat odasına alındıktan sonra standart anestezi monitörizasyonu yapıldı. Tüm hastalara periferik damar yolu açıldıktan sonra giriş kan örnekleri (1. örnek) alındı. Olguların demografik verileri, greft ağırlığı, soğuk iskemi süresi, sıcak iskemi süresi, toplam iskemi süresi cerrahi süre, kan kaybı, idrar miktarı, uygulanan toplam sıvı, albümin ve kan miktarı kaydedildi. PRS olup olmadığı not edildi. Tüm hastalardan karaciğerin portal venin klemplenmesiyle 2. kan örnekleri, sağlıklı karaciğerin damar anastomozları tamamlanıp vena kava klembi ve portal klemp açıldıktan hemen sonra 3. Kan örneği, hastanın cerrahi operasyonun bitmesi ve yoğun bakına bırakılmasıyla 4. kan örneği ve postoperatif 24. Saatte 5. kan örneği alındı. Antioksidan etki TOS, TAK düzeyleri ile incelendi. Serum İMA düzeyi, albümin kobalt bağlama testi ile ölçüldü. Bulgular: Grupların TAS, TOS ve İMA değerleri karşılaştırıldığında tüm ölçüm periyotlarında anlamı bir fark gözlenmedi. Her iki grupta ve neredeyse her ölçüm periyodunda yüksek İMA değeri (büyük 0.400 absorbance units: pozitif iskemi bulgusu) görüldü. Sonuç:Karaciğer nakil alıcılarında oksitatif stres belirteci olan TOS, TAK ve İMA düzeyleri postreperfüzyon olan olgularda, postreperfüzyon olmayanlara göre artmamıştır. Karaciğer nakil alıcılarında yüksek İMA düzeyine sahip olduğu gösterildi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Karaciğer nakli, İskemi, Reperfüzyon, Postreperfüzyon sendromu, İskemi Modifiye AlbüminIntroduction and Purpose: Postreperfusion syndrome (PRS), which develops in a liver recipient and is defined by acute hemodynamic deterioration and severe hypotension; It is a cause of poor outcome after transplantation. Free oxygen radicals are blamed in the etiology of PRS. Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) is a new biomarker associated with oxidative stress. In our study, we aimed to determine the effect of oxidative stress on the development of PRS by using total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS). We also aimed to measure the IMA level in liver recipients and examine its relationship with oxidative stress. Method: A total of 45 liver transplant recipients between the ages of 18 and 65 were included in the study. Those who were allergic to one of the drugs to be used, those taking ? adrenergic blockers or Ca++ channel blockers, those treated with allopurinol or heparin, those using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and vitamins, and those with a history of smoking were excluded from the study. After the patients were taken to the operating room, standard anesthesia monitoring was performed. Access blood samples (1st sample) were taken from all patients before surgery. Demographic data of the cases, cold ischemia time, warm ischemia time, surgical time, blood loss, and the presence of PRS were noted. The 2nd blood sample was taken from all patients after the portal vein was clamped, the 3rd blood sample was taken immediately after the graft anastomoses were completed and the vena cava and portal clamp were opened, the 4th blood sample was taken after the surgical operation, and the 5th blood sample was taken at the 24th postoperative hour. Antioxidant effect was examined by TOS and TAC levels. Serum IMA level was measured by albumin cobalt binding test. Results: When TAC, TOS and IMA values of the groups were compared, no significant difference was observed in all measurement periods. High IMA value (greater than 0.400 absorbance units: positive ischemia sign) was observed in both groups and in almost every measurement period. Conclusion: TOS, TAC and IMA, which are markers of oxidative stress in liver transplant recipients, were not increased in postreperfusion patients. Liver transplant recipients were shown to have high IMA levels. Key Words: Liver transplantation, Ischemia, Reperfusion, postreperfusion syndrome, Ischemia Modified Albumi
Next-Generation Healthcare: Artificial Intelligence Applications in Disease Management
No full text[Abstract Not Available
Comparative response of three tropical groundcovers to salt stress
Get PDFThe increasing interest in cultivating groundcover plants in warm and semiarid areas requires a better understanding of the salinity effects on landscape plants. This work aimed to study the response of three groundcovers (Alternanthera dentate, Sphagneticola trilobata, and Alternanthera amoena) to high sodium chloride concentrations. The trial was conducted in the natural greenhouse environment. Plants were raised in pots filling clay-loamy soil. Hewitt’s nutrient solution containing 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM NaCl irrigated the plants. Plant growth, antioxidative enzyme activity, and the relative water content (RWC), proline, sodium, potassium, and chloride were determined. The study indicated that increasing NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution led to: a) significant differences in the fresh weight of shoots among salinity treatments and among species; b) increased root growth with increasing salinity stress up to the mild stress level of 25 mM NaCl, however at different rates with three species; c) reduced RWC of the leaves of three species grown under salinity-induced stress; d) the increased proline content of the leaves, and more pronounced increases with A. dentate and A. amoena from 0 to 50 mM NaCl, and with S. trilobata from 0 to 100 mM NaCl; e) significant changes in the activities of antioxidative enzymes including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase; f) significant decrease of the K+/Na+ ratio along with increase of salinity stress; g) increased ratio of leaf/ root content of Cl– in A. dentate and in particular, A. amoena; h) a significant reduction in visual qualities of all examined plants. Therefore, because of its ability to maintain leaf characteristics, visual quality, and salt-tolerance mechanisms even under high salinity, S. trilobata can be considered for urban landscaping projects in semiarid and saline areas where low-quality water is used for irrigation.The increasing interest in cultivating groundcover plants in warm and semiarid areas requires a better understanding of the salinity effects on landscape plants. This work aimed to study the response of three groundcovers (Alternanthera dentate, Sphagneticola trilobata, and Alternanthera amoena) to high sodium chloride concentrations. The trial was conducted in the natural greenhouse environment. Plants were raised in pots filling clay-loamy soil. Hewitt’s nutrient solution containing 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM NaCl irrigated the plants. Plant growth, antioxidative enzyme activity, and the relative water content (RWC), proline, sodium, potassium, and chloride were determined. The study indicated that increasing NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution led to: a) significant differences in the fresh weight of shoots among salinity treatments and among species; b) increased root growth with increasing salinity stress up to the mild stress level of 25 mM NaCl, however at different rates with three species; c) reduced RWC of the leaves of three species grown under salinity-induced stress; d) the increased proline content of the leaves, and more pronounced increases with A. dentate and A. amoena from 0 to 50 mM NaCl, and with S. trilobata from 0 to 100 mM NaCl; e) significant changes in the activities of antioxidative enzymes including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase; f) significant decrease of the K+/Na+ ratio along with increase of salinity stress; g) increased ratio of leaf/ root content of Cl– in A. dentate and in particular, A. amoena; h) a significant reduction in visual qualities of all examined plants. Therefore, because of its ability to maintain leaf characteristics, visual quality, and salt-tolerance mechanisms even under high salinity, S. trilobata can be considered for urban landscaping projects in semiarid and saline areas where low-quality water is used for irrigation
Supplement of a commercial mycorrhizal product to improve the survival and ecophysiological performance of olive trees in an Arid region
Get PDFRainfed olive groves in arid Tunisia face severe water scarcity and a low abundance of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). We investigated if a supplement of commercial AMF-product at transplantation would improve olive plant survival and ecophysiological performance in an arid region. The commercial AMF product was added to two olive tree cultivars, ‘Meski’ and ‘Zarrazi’. There was an increase in the mycorrhizal intensity in the roots of ‘Meski’. Mycorrhizal symbiosis seems to have improved the survival of ‘Meski’ and the growth rate of ‘Zarrazi’. Plant water status and gas exchanges were enhanced in ‘Meski’. Mycorrhization helped maintain a higher photosynthetic assimilation rate and stomatal conductance in ‘Zarrazi’. AMF-symbiosis exhibited an inter-cultivar difference in the enhancement of the ecophysiological performance of olive trees under aridity. It also improved pre-existent indigenous defense strategies. It reinforced the avoidance strategy of ‘Meski’ but strengthened the tolerance strategy of ‘Zarrazi’.Rainfed olive groves in arid Tunisia face severe water scarcity and a low abundance of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). We investigated if a supplement of commercial AMF-product at transplantation would improve olive plant survival and ecophysiological performance in an arid region. The commercial AMF product was added to two olive tree cultivars, ‘Meski’ and ‘Zarrazi’. There was an increase in the mycorrhizal intensity in the roots of ‘Meski’. Mycorrhizal symbiosis seems to have improved the survival of ‘Meski’ and the growth rate of ‘Zarrazi’. Plant water status and gas exchanges were enhanced in ‘Meski’. Mycorrhization helped maintain a higher photosynthetic assimilation rate and stomatal conductance in ‘Zarrazi’. AMF-symbiosis exhibited an inter-cultivar difference in the enhancement of the ecophysiological performance of olive trees under aridity. It also improved pre-existent indigenous defense strategies. It reinforced the avoidance strategy of ‘Meski’ but strengthened the tolerance strategy of ‘Zarrazi’