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Folk Sports and Selected Bengali Short Stories/ লোকক্রীড়া ও নির্বাচিত বাংলা ছোটগল্প
No full textSports is the part of our human life.It carries emotion,love and nationalism for ages. In short,we can say that every Sports has their own heritage and Literature is created based on these sports. Usually sports or play was used as reference or context in ancient and medieval ages of Bengali literature. Post independence period it become a main force of bengali story. Except cricket, football or swimming there are more Sports of folk people which is the root of Indian culture. Here we are discuss about our folk sports oriented selected stories in various way and also try to proov that where every single sports or play is become a part of our life
In Narendranath Mitra’s Novel Dwippunja, the life of rural Bengal/ নরেন্দ্রনাথ মিত্রের উপন্যাস ‘দ্বীপপুঞ্জ’ ও গ্রাম-বাংলার যাপিত জীবন
No full textNarendranath Mitra is one of the Bengali fiction writers of the 20th century. Stories of rural life or the complex psychology of love can be found in his literary spirit. His first novel is called Dwippunja. In this novel, various problems developed in rural life can be found in heart conflicts. The novel begins with a picture of a Saha-community family feud in the village. In the novel characters like Nabadwip and her son Murali and Mangala and her husband Subal, characters like Manorama become the epitome of rural society. The novel main problem is Mangala\u27s complicated relationship with her husband Subal and lover Murali. And this problem has become more complicated in rural life. At the end of the novel, we find new ideas about village life in Subal\u27s self-realization. That is why it can be said that Dwippunja is a worthwhile novel written in the community based and psychologically conscious perspective written in the context of village life. 
Mirza Ghalib’s Life and Philosophy in Bengali Novels/ বাংলা উপন্যাসে মির্জা গালিবের জীবন ও দর্শন
No full textMirza Ghalib was an Indian poet. He primarily wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian. He was a poet in the Mughal royal court, and the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah II accepted him as an Ustad. His poetry, letters, and other writings are treasures of Indian literature. Although he was an Urdu poet, he is very popular among Bengalis. Due to Urdu being an official language, there is a long history of Urdu and Persian studies among Bengalis. Although Mirza Ghalib visited Bengal in the early 19th century, the tradition of studying his poetry became noticeable from the mid-20th century. However, this tradition did not stop at translations alone. Novels have been written in Bengali, centered on Mirza Ghalib’s diverse artistic life. These novels present not only his poetry, lifestyle, and philosophy but also capture the essence of his life as an artist. Along with portraying the man and poet Mirza Ghalib, these novels also delve into his era, political situations, and the broader history of the time
Samaresh Bose\u27s \u27Bibar\u27: Finding the Form of the Middle Class/ সমরেশ বসুর ‘বিবর’ : মধ্যবিত্তের স্বরূপ সন্ধান
No full textThe rise of the Middle-Class in Bengal did not come through a transformative social movement like the industrial revolution in England, this Middle class was generally Calcutta-centric and job-oriented. Independence in 1947 brought with it refugee problem, economic depression, increasing unemployment problem, political disorientation, cultural invasion, degradation of values. As a result of which the Middle-Class society also evolved. In the post-independence period, the Middle-Class Bengali life became more and more complicated and disorientated due to various discriminations, hardships and dilemmas. Samaresh Basu in his novel ‘Bibar’ skillfully portrayed the character of the Middle Class, class mentality, struggle for survival, spiritual and external crisis and multi-dimensionality of characters. In the novel ‘Bibar’, he mainly presents to the reader the incongruous bleak and dark life of the urban Middle-Class of Kolkata. Not only that, the brutality, hypocrisy, unethicality, selfishness, depravity of the Middle-Class have been highlighted through the nameless hero and other characters of the novel.  
Folk life in Daulat Kazi\u27s Lorchandrani and Satimaina Kavya/ দৌলত কাজীর লোরচন্দ্রানী ও সতীময়না কাব্যে লোকজীবন
No full textSociety and history have been of immense importance in literature for a long time. The form of Bengali religious and literary pursuits which developed in the Middle Ages would never have been possible unless the heavy blow of the Turkish conquest had driven it from within. As a result of the Turkish conquest, the direct role of Buddhism in the society almost disappeared or was limited to the marginal areas of Bengal. At that time, it cannot be said that Islam spread in this country with the direct help of the Muslim rulers. As in the days of autocratic monarchy, some Muslim nawabs or feudal lords were fanatical religious zealots, while others were satans. Many medieval poets were court poets of the great Nawabs and feudal lords. Their scholarship was certainly not devoid of Dharmashastra. Prominent Muslim poets like Alaol, Daulat Qazi, Sabirid Khan, Muhammad Khan etc. were well versed in Islamic theology, Sufism and Sadhana.
Standing in the context of medieval society, Daulat Kazi in his poems Lorachandrani and Satimayna has portrayed the happiness-sorrows, desires-desires and mutual conflicts of people. A single epic written within the scope of his short life is not quite enough in the context of changing times. Daulat Kazi\u27s story-poetry contains certain elements of life cycle, the attraction and appeal of which never completely fades from the subconscious mind of man, which is still intimately connected with the lokayat life consciousness of the individual. The feelings of happiness, sadness, joy and pain are latent in every human being, they come out of their dormancy depending on the need or situation. In the patriarchal country society structure of that time, just as men\u27s arbitrary and free use of freedom brought down the society, women were indirectly brought down on the women through various chains of penance and chastity protection.
Staying in the social context of the Middle Ages, Daulat Kazi did not engage in the writing of divine story poetry and wrote poetry with the elements of human life. He reached the free love of flesh and blood through the path of that uncharitable dream and thirst. A romantic Bengali couple finds a temporary escape from the ghani tana life as they cannot go far in the ghani tana of love. Perhaps it is because of this weakness that Daulat Kazi\u27s story poetry has gained popularity even today. In other medieval poems, what a god can do, it is possible for a human to do it as a daring lore - this belief was brought to the ground by Daulat Kazi in his poems Lorachandrani and Satimayna. The story of mutual attraction and repulsion of Maina, Lore and Chandrani, which Daulat Kazi has served as the main story of the poem, has long been known throughout India as part of our national folklore
Mythical Asthetical and Economic Approach regarding Counchcraft/ মিথপুরাণ নান্দনিকতা এবং অর্থনৈতিক প্রেক্ষিতে শঙ্খশিল্প
No full textCounch had a great multivarious stand. We can know about the old art craft of counch by reading the history of indus valley. Counch art is discovered from under ground as a part of Harhappa civilization. By exclusive sound value and excellent structure Counch was used in many platform. Like to announce good news of male child birth or any good rituals, announcement of battle or end or break of it. Counch has a religious value too. We often make sound of counch in many riligious matter and to worship god. It is said that by the use of three times sound of counch we pray to Brahma, Bisnu, Maheswar. Many myth has made with the sound of counch or with the birth of counch. Counch is also used to made jwellery and show- pieces. With counch there is many belief also. We can found about counch in our literature like Shibayan and folk-literature, pro-verb, riddle also. Many people throughout the Bengal related with this Counch art. We can find the change of the total procedure of this art. Kolmijor of Daspur, Paschim Medinipur is a great nane today in Counch Art with their Rupam Shankha Shilpalaya. Dutta families played agreat role their. They made the counch art aesthetically attracted as well as the workers also happy with their income
Centenary ‘Kallol’ magazine and contemporary periodicals/ শতবর্ষে ‘কল্লোল’ পত্রিকা এবং সমসাময়িক পত্র-পত্রিকা
No full textIf we look at the history of Bengali literature, we will see that one periodical has given considerable inspiration to the development of literature by exerting a special influence on thought creation and thinking. In the history of periodicals of Bengali literature after the First World War, one of the periodicals that appeared were ‘Kallol’ (1923 AD), ‘Sanibarer Chithi’ (1924 AD), ‘Uttara’ (1925 AD), ‘Kalikalam’ (1926 AD), ‘Pragati’ (1927 AD), ‘Dhupchaya’ (1927 AD) etc. The first editor of Kallol magazine was Gokulchandra Nag Mahashay. Among the writers, there was Buddhadev Bose, Jibanananda Das, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Premendra Mitra, Gokulchandra Nag, Achintyakumar Sengupta etc. The life portraits of the Lower-class people, the expression of flamboyant sexuality, and above all Rabindra opposition were the main features of the literary practice of the Kallol group of writers.
‘Sanibarer Chithi’ newspaper debuted exactly one year after ‘Kallol’ newspaper. Initially this magazine debuted as a weekly magazine but later it debuted as a monthly magazine. The first editor of this magazine was Yogananda Das Mahashay. Among the writers of this magazine are Abanindranath Tagore, Sunitikumar Chattopadhyay, Mohitlal Majumdar, Sajnikant Das etc. The main purpose of this magazine was to satirize the works that were published in the newspapers of that time. ‘Uttara’ is one of the newspapers published from North India. The first editors of this magazine were Atulprasad Sen and Radhakamal Mukhopadhyay. The stories, plays, articles published in this newspaper were of very high quality. Besides songs, sadhusang stories, translations etc. were published in this magazine. ‘KaliKalam’ magazine was published in 1926 AD under the editorship of Muralidhar Bose, Shailajananda Mukhopadhyay and Premendra Mitra. The magazine was a monthly magazine. Besides, one of the followers of "Kallol" Patrika is "Pragati" Patrika. Which was published under the editorship of Buddhadev Bose and Ajitkumar Dutt in 1927 AD. The main subject of this magazine is modernity. In addition to domestic stories and novels, foreign poetry and stories were featured in this magazine. ‘Dhupchaya’ Patrika was published in 1927 AD. The editor of this newspaper was Shri Renubhushan Gangopadhyay. Abanindranath Tagore, Shailendra nath Bhattacharya, Achintyakumar Sengupta and others are among the authors of the magazine. The magazine did not last long. For how long it lasted, this newspaper took a special place in the history of Bengali periodicals
A brief description of the writings, author and period of composition etc. in the family memoir book/ পারিবারিক স্মৃতিলিপি পুস্তকে লেখা, লেখক ও রচনাকাল প্রভৃতির সংক্ষিপ্ত বিবরণ
No full textThe Proverbial Professor Pasupati Sasmal once researched the family memoirs of Jorasanko Thakurbari. Mainly following his research, a brief list of various writings including serial number, title of part of the first line, author, period of composition, page of manuscript etc. is presented here. This is the first part of the given description. The second part of it is as follows: After writing No.105, the list and description (in the second part) of all the remaining writings which are not given serial numbers are also given. Interested Rabindra-inquisitors can know almost all the information at a glance from this list
Vidyasagar in the light of Vidyasagarcharita: An unfinished autobiography/ ‘বিদ্যাসাগরচরিত’এর দর্পণে বিদ্যাসাগর : এক অসমাপ্ত আত্মজীবনী গ্রন্থ
No full textঈশ্বরচন্দ্র বিদ্যাসাগর ‘বিদ্যাসাগরচরিত’ গ্রন্থটি তাঁর তিরোধানের অনেক আগেই রচনা করেছিলেন। তবু তিনি এই গ্রন্থটির রচনা সম্পন্ন করে যেতে পারেননি। তিনি এর দু’টি পরিচ্ছেদ মাত্র রচনা করেছিলেন। এই দু’টি পরিচ্ছেদের প্রথমটিতে তাঁর পূর্বপুরুষের বিবরণ এবং দ্বিতীয়টিতে তাঁর নিজের শৈশবকালের কথা লিপিবদ্ধ হয়েছে।
শারীরিক অসুস্থতা ও নানা ধরনের কাজে ব্যস্ত থাকার জন্য বিদ্যাসাগরের অনেক গ্রন্থ অসমাপ্ত অবস্থায় রয়ে গেছে। ‘বিদ্যাসাগরচরিত’ও এর ব্যতিক্রম নয়। বিদ্যাসাগর মহাশয় জীবনী রচনার পরেও দীর্ঘকাল বেঁচে ছিলেন। সেই কালের কথা তাঁর নিজের জীবনীতে লিপিবদ্ধ হয়নি। তাঁর আত্মজীবনীতে জীবনের দীর্ঘ সময় অনুপস্থিত। পরবর্তীকালে তিনি সমাজের জন্য অনেক কাজ করে গেছেন। নারীশিক্ষা আন্দোলন এবং বিধবাবিবাহ আন্দোলনের তিনি পথিকৃৎ। কিন্তু তাঁর নিজের লেখা জীবনীতে এগুলি অনুপস্থিত।
বিদ্যাসাগর মহাশয় প্রায়শই তাঁর আত্মীয়-স্বজন ও বন্ধু-বান্ধবদের কাছে নিজের জীবনের অনেক ঘটনার গল্প করতেন। এছাড়াও তিনি অনেক কাগজপত্র রেখে গেছেন। সেগুলিকে অবলম্বন করে তাঁর জীবনচরিত লেখা কিছু অসম্ভব ছিল না। কিন্তু জীবনচরিত নিজে লেখা আর অন্যের লেখার মধ্যে যে অনেকটা পার্থক্য তা আমরা সকলেই জানি। বিদ্যাসাগর মহাশয়ের পুত্র শ্রী নারায়ণচন্দ্র বন্দোপাধ্যায় তাঁর পিতা জীবনচরিত সম্পূর্ণ করে যেতে পারেননি বলে আক্ষেপ করেছেন। ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র বিদ্যাসাগরের মৃত্যুর পরে ১৮৯১ সালে তাঁর পুত্র শ্রী নারায়ণ বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায় তাঁর পিতার রচিত অসমাপ্ত আত্মজীবনী ‘বিদ্যাসাগরচরিত’ নাম দিয়ে সংকলন করেছিলেন।
আমরাও মনে করি যে পরবর্তী সময়ে বিদ্যাসাগরের জীবনী গ্রন্থ যতই রচিত বা প্রকাশিত হোক না কেন, তার নিজের লেখনীতে নিজের জীবনী গ্রন্থ রচনার একটা স্বতন্ত্র মূল্য রয়েছে। কারণ অন্যের রচিত গ্রন্থ জীবনী গ্রন্থই হবে, আত্মজীবনী নয়। আর জীবনীগ্রন্থ ও আত্মজীবনী গ্রন্থের মধ্যে একটা সূক্ষ্ম পার্থক্য তো রয়েছেই। ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র তাঁর জীবনে আমাদের বাংলা সাহিত্যকে, আমাদের সমাজকে অনেক কিছুই দিয়ে গেছেন। তাঁর এই ঋণ পরিশোধ করার মতো নয়। কিন্তু যে আত্মজীবনী রচনায় তিনি হস্তক্ষেপ করেছিলেন, সেই কাজ তিনি সম্পূর্ণ করে যেতে পারেননি বলে আমাদের চিরদিনের জন্যই আক্ষেপ রয়ে গেল।
‘বিদ্যাসাগরচরিত’ এর প্রথম পরিচ্ছেদের শুরু হয়েছে বীরসিংহ গ্রামে ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়ের জন্মগ্রহণের ঘটনা দিয়ে। এই পরিচ্ছেদে প্রথমে পিতৃপক্ষের পূর্বপুরুষদের পরিচয় দেওয়ার পর ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র মাতৃপক্ষের পূর্বপুরুষদেরও পরিচয় দিয়েছেন। বিদ্যাসাগর মহাশয়ের পাঁচ বছর বয়সের সময়কাল থেকে ‘বিদ্যাসাগরচরিত’ এর দ্বিতীয় পরিচ্ছেদের শুরু। এই দুটি পরিচ্ছেদে বিদ্যাসাগর মহাশয় তাঁর ঠাকুরদা রামজয় তর্কভূষণ ও তাঁর বাবা ঠাকুরদাস বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়ের এবং নিজের জীবনের অনেক কথাই লিপিবদ্ধ করেছেন। সংস্কৃত কলেজের অধ্যাপক মধুসূদন বাচষ্পতির পরামর্শে ঈশ্বরচন্দ্রকে সংস্কৃত কলেজে ভর্তি করানো পর্যন্ত এসে আত্মজীবনী রচনায় বিদ্যাসাগরের লেখনী অবসর নিয়েছে। এই দুটি পরিচ্ছেদের এক অসমাপ্ত জীবনচরিতকে অবলম্বন করেই আমি আমার এই গবেষণাকর্মটি সম্পন্ন করার চেষ্টা করেছি
Assessing the relevance of Bibor, Ghunpoka and Moulinath within the Framework of Existentialism and their significant contributions to the Genre/ অস্তিবাদী সাহিত্য আলোচনার ধারায় বিবর, ঘুণপোকা ও মৌলিনাথ-এর সার্থকতা বিচার
No full textThe essence of Western existentialist philosophy is the deliberate pursuit of freedom in the context of a constrained human existence. Existentialists assert that this existence is fundamentally human and that it is grounded in a pre-existing condition referred to as freedom. In analyzing this philosophy, Albert Camus, in his book The Myth of Sisyphus, illustrates the ceaseless struggle of Sisyphus, who is condemned by the curse of the Greek gods. This Western philosophy has also permeated Bengali literature. The first significant manifestation of this philosophy in Bengali literature is Samaresh Bose\u27s Bibor (1965). Subsequently, Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay\u27s Ghunpoka (1967) and Buddhadev Bose\u27s Moulinath (1952)—written prior to these two novels—are examined in the context of three existentialist ideologies. This article focuses on these discussions. Upon reading these three novels, it becomes apparent that the protagonists\u27 belief in freedom has transformed their society into isolated, solitary entities. It appears as though they seek to embrace their freedom by transcending the constraints imposed by social bonds. In these novels, the protagonists are depicted as articulating profound truths. The love within their seemingly happy middle-class circles and the complexities arising from multiple relationships with women lead to significant confusion. The characters assert their independence by breaking free from these constraints. In the novel Bibor, the protagonist attempts to break free from societal constraints by confronting while engaging in a physical relationship with his ascetic partner. This act symbolizes his struggle for freedom, and as a result, the freedom he experiences compels him to vocally oppose the corrupt and decadent societal system. In this case, the hero\u27s steadfast belief in the truth renders him a detached entity from society. Similarly, in his novel Ghunpoka (1967), Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay portrays the existential crisis of the central character, Shyam, through an existentialist lens. Chhoto saheb Shyam in ‘Saint and Miller’ resigns from his job due to his inability to tolerate his boss\u27s audacity. Hari Mazumdar\u27s derogatory remark towards Shyam makes him resemble the character of Mrityunjay in Manik Bandhapadhyay\u27s ‘Ke Banchay Ke Banche’. This shift in Shyam\u27s usual lifestyle leads to a growing sense of depression. Shyam\u27s assertion of independence reveals his profound loneliness. Accustomed to the company of multiple women, Shyam engages in trivial behaviors to reject his beloved Itur\u27s proposal, which plunges him into a state of depression. As he attempts to maintain his composure by endangering a motorcyclist with the sun\u27s reflection in a mirror, his remorseful self-deprecation becomes evident in his relationship with Leela Bhattacharya. Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay explores the transition of consciousness through the hope of rebirth after death. Similarly, Buddhadev Bose, in his novel Moulinath (1952), portrays the stages of loneliness experienced by the central character, Professor Moulinath. A content, middle-class office worker, Moulinath simultaneously rejects the love of both Chitra and Geeta. He strives to preserve his identity as an individual who desires to exist solely as ‘I’. His heart is described as ‘dead’, and he appears to be a character adrift, as if authored by himself. These characters embody profound loneliness in their quest to transcend their middle-class selves