Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research (KJAR)
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Chemotherapy-related side effects in childhood cancer in Hiwa Hospital Sulaimani city/Kurdistan region, Iraq
Get PDFCancer cells tend to grow fast, and chemo drugs kill fast-growing cells. However, since such drugs move to almost all part of the body, they might have an influence on healthy cells which are normal and grow fast. If healthy cells are damaged, there will be several side effects. The side effects of chemotherapy in children are reported by cancer treatment teams; however, only little evidence is available on the routine clinical care. The present study aimed to assess chemotherapeutic side effects in children with cancer. A single chemo drug can treat cancer; however, in order to come up with better and quicker results, sometimes a number of drugs are used in a specific order or combination which is referred to as combination chemotherapy. More cancer cells can be killed using different drugs which have different working mechanisms. As a result of this method, the cancer will have more limited chances to become resistant to an of the chemo drugs. The present descriptive study consisted of 300 children who underwent chemotherapy, and interviews were carried out with them. The severity of side effects was calculated according to three grades: low, moderate, and high. The collected data was collected through direct interview with the child greater than 6 years old on side effects of chemotherapy on physical health. Chemotherapy affects the entire cell inside the body among children. The results demonstrated that chemotherapy commonly affects the gastrointestinal tract and musculoskeletal system
Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis B, C and HIV Cases among the Foreigners Visiting Sulaimani City from 2013 Through 2016
Get PDFHepatitis B, C and HIV infections present a great public health problem worldwide. More than 350 million of world's populations have chronic HBV infection and near 1 million people are dying due to this infection each year. About 150-200 million of world's population have chronic HCV infection that leads to nearly 350 000 deaths annually. On the other hand HIV remains as a major global public health issue. In 2015, about 36.7 million people were living with HIV and 1.1 million people died of HIV related illnesses.
To find the prevalence of HB, HCV and HIV infection among the foreigners who visited Sulaimani city in 2013 through 2016 and evaluate the common risk factors in those who had a positive results in 2016. This study was conducted between 1stof January 2016 and 31st December 2016. A total number of 275,979 foreigners who were referred formally to the central laboratory- residency department in Sulaimani city for screening for (HBsAg, HCV Ab and HIV Ab) from 2013 through 2016 were analyzed and all the foreigners who visited Sulaimani city in 2016 were included with assessment of demographic data and risk factors among the positive cases. Among 275,979 foreigners who visited Sulaimani city from 2013 through 2016, theoverall prevalence of HBV infection was0.47%(1318 cases), HCV 0.01 %( 267 cases) and HIV 0.01 %( 30 cases). In 2016 the highest prevalence of HBV infection was among Syrians which was 2.5% while highest HCV prevalence was among Europeans 0.82%. Ages of the patients ranged between (18-65) years, 85.4% were males, 65.2% of males and 45.7% of females were married. Dental procedures, surgery, blood transfusion and family history were common risk factors.
HBV infection was highest among Syrian foreigners. While the highest HCV prevalence was among Europeans. An immediate action plan is needed to screen all Syrian refugees in our region for HBV, HCV and HIV to determine active infection and treat accordingly and also impose preventive measures to halt the spread of the infections
Hybrid Onboard Smartphone Sensors Measurements to Improve Heading Estimation for Indoors Positioning Solutions
Get PDFIn the last decade, there is a significant progression and huge demand in using technology; specifically, those technologies are embedded in smartphones (SP). Examples of these technologies are embedding various sensors for multi-purposes. Positioning sensors (Accelerometer, Gyroscope, and Magnetometer) are one of the significant technologies. Besides this, indoor positioning services on smartphones are the main advantage of these sensors. There are many indoor positioning applications, for instance; billing, shopping, security and safety, indoor navigation, entertainment applications, and other point-of-interest (POI) applications. Nevertheless, precise position information through current positioning techniques is the main issue of these applications. The pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) technique is one of the techniques in which the integration of onboard sensors is used for locating smartphones. Estimated distance, heading, and typical speed can be measured to determine the estimated position of the smartphone via using the PDR technique. The PDR technique offers a low positioning accuracy due to existing accumulated errors of the embedded sensors. To solve this issue, this article proposes a hybrid multi-sensors measurement to reduce the existing sensors drifts and errors and to increase estimated heading accuracy of the smartphone. Further, the sensors’ measurements with the previously estimated position are fused by using KALMAN Filter to determine the current location of the smartphone in each step of walking with better angular displacement accuracy. Proposed algorithm depends on increasing estimated angular displacement of the smartphone using combination of the integrated sensors’ measurements. The achieved positioning accuracy through the proposed approach and based on trial experiments is around 2 meters, which is equivalent to 10% improvement in comparison with state of the art
Potentialities in Creating the Pedestrian Malls in the Historical City Centers : A Study Case of Mawlawi Street, Sulaimani, Iraqi Kurdistan
Get PDFThe characteristics of public open spaces in the city center play an important role in attracting people to walk when they attend their daily needs, entertainment and interact with other physical and even nonphysical feature of the built environment. The notion of car-free streets or pedestrian malls, especially in the downtown or the historical city centers has been emerged as a critical challenge faced to whose are responsible for urban managing, besides of urban planner and architects as well. Many factors (outside and inside) contribute to take the decision in transforming these streets into the pedestrian malls. Sulaimani as the other historic cities, although has the most compacted and traditional structure, especially in original and commercial part of the city, has suffered from the congested city center which day by day increases, the related urban problems and became more un-friendly. The study will identify the considerations that promote the decision makers in order to transform the most significant street in the historical city center into a pedestrian mall. This aim requires to investigate factors which have become more common in most studies conducted previously, but some factors which were considered as effective and invisible at the same time, will act potentially and has been more impressive in enhancing these types of decisions. Mixed methods have been used for analyzing the case study. The results displayed that the Mawlawi street has the potentiality in transforming to a pedestrian mall. In conclusion, the decisions and some possible solutions have been introduced for awareness of city?s authorities in order to take place in their near future development programs
An improved Fully Homomorphic Encryption model based on N-Primes
Get PDFCloud computing is the provision of computing services over the internet, which provides unlimited computing capabilities to its users. Cloud Service Providers (CSP) in the distanced places helps the users such as businesses and individuals to use its software and hardware means. The physical distance between the users and providers allows third parties to be capable of accessing the data which threats the privacy of the users. Thus, its security is the main concern when it comes to transform data from a locally owned storage to cloud storage. Cloud providers are required to save an encrypted version of user’s data on their storage. The traditional encryption schemes have been used for data encryption prior to sending them to the provider. Thought, the secret key has to be provided by the users to the server so as to decrypt the information prior to the requirement of calculations. Therefore, the traditional cryptographic schemes cannot be used to process cloud’s data. After the encryption of the information data are revealed to calculation in clouds, so confidentiality is not guaranteed and this result in difficulty in using cloud. In Homomorphic Encryptions calculation on ciphertext can be performed with no need for decryption. This paper, develops and designs a new mathematical model to achieve the characteristics of the Fully Homomorphic Encryption. The proposed model’s security depends on the problem of Factorization the integers to their primary numbers. In this paper, instead of dealing with two prime numbers it is expanded to deal with n prime numbers. The security of the presumptive algorithm to be more efficient in front of the security challenges facing cloud computing. What distinguishes this proposed system is that it deals with the explicit text after converting it to the ASCII code instead of converting it to the binary system as it is in the existing systems, thus providing speed in the encryption process and returns the encryption
Study of Physiochemical Properties of Local Wheat Cultivars and Their Effect on White Layer Cake Quality
Get PDFPhysiochemical and rheological properties of local wheat cultivars were studied to determine and develop their relationship to baking quality of white layer cake. The investigation carried out via studying four different wheat cultivars (Adana, Sham 6, Tamooz 2, and Slemani 2), and comparing to a locally produced flour (from Sulaimani Cereal Milling Company) as control. According to physical parameters, the highest value were obtained by Slemani 2, and in terms of falling number control also recorded the highest. In regards to chemical composition (such as; Protein, Fat, Ash, and Moisture) the greatest values were reported by (Tamooz 2, Sham 6, Adana, and Slemani 2) respectively. Nevertheless, rheological characteristics for farinograph in terms of (water absorption, developing time, stability, and tolerance mixing index), the highest values were achieved by (Tamooz 2, Adana, Control, and Sham 6), respectively. While for amylograph characteristics the highest values were recorded in Slemani 2, and Control in terms of (pasting temperature, and peak viscosity) respectively. The gluten yield parameters tested for gluten index, and dry gluten in which the results obtained for Control, and Sham 6 were the greatest. For physical characteristics of the white layer cake the Control achieved the highest value for volume index, symmetry index, and specific volume. Finally, the Control and Adana have scored the highest values for sensory evaluation. In general, the best white layer cake quality was obtained from the Control, Adana, and Sham 6, hence the protein quality and quantity have great influence on the end product
Big Data Analytics For Organizations: Challenges and Opportunities and Its Effect on International Business Education
Get PDFBig Data refers to large volumes of information. This information varies from pictures, videos, texts, audios and other heterogeneous data. In recent years, the amount of such big data has exceeded the capacity of online or cloud storage systems. The amount of data collected yearly has doubled in the past years and the concern for the volume of this data has reached its Exabyte yearly range. This paper focuses on the major issues and opportunities as well as big data storage with the aid of academic tools and researches conducted earlier by scholars for big data analysis. Modern learning environment (MLE) has to be understood in order to know how it supports learning in areas of big data such as university education systems. The utilization of online resources and web pages with laptops and mobile phones need to be understood as an attempt to integrate the modern learning environment and improve teaching in international bossiness. Big data can be fine-tuned and used to create new online learning programmers. Data collected by government departments, universities and institutions could be used as a new innovative learning system such as (MLE) which has a passive and active character i.e. it can be accessed anywhere at any time. This would also help in minimizing extended classroom activities because students would have controlled access to online knowledge from their home
Big Data Analysis Using Apache Spark MLlib and Hadoop HDFS with Scala and Java
Get PDFNowadays with the technology revolution the term of big data is a phenomenon of the decade moreover, it has a significant impact on our applied science trends. Exploring well big data tool is a necessary demand presently. Hadoop is a good big data analyzing technology, but it is slow because the Job result among each phase must be stored before the following phase is started as well as to the replication delays. Apache Spark is another tool that developed and established to be the real model for analyzing big data with its innovative processing framework inside the memory and high-level programming libraries for machine learning, efficient data treating and etc. In this paper, some comparisons are presented about the time performance evaluation among Scala and Java in apache spark MLlib. Many tests have been done in supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods with utilizing big datasets. However, loading the datasets from Hadoop HDFS as well as to the local disk to identify the pros and cons of each manner and discovering perfect reading or loading dataset situation to reach best execution style. The results showed that the performance of Scala about 10% to 20% is better than Java depending on the algorithm type. The aim of the study is to analyze big data with more suitable programming languages and as consequences gaining better performance
Designs of PMSMs with Inner and Outer Rotors for Electric Bicycle Applications
Get PDFIn this paper, designs of two rotor structures of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are proposed in order to find the suitable one to drive an electric bicycle, namely, inner rotor and outer rotor. Both motors are designed to run at a rated speed of 20 Km/h and rated power of 250 W. This paper compares the performance of both proposed motors and the comparison between them is in terms of motor size, weight, cost and efficiency. In addition, this work uses the second design, which is the PMSM with outer rotor to investigate the effects of some motor parameters on motor performance; the parameters are current, advanced angle, stack length and external diameter. In this work, Motor Solve software is used to design and analyze the performance of both motors. According to the simulation and calculation results, both motors achieved the required rated speed and torque at high efficiency and reasonable cost. Nevertheless, the PMSM with inner rotor obtained the required specifications with lighter weight and smaller size than the PMSM with outer rotor. Therefore, it is a proper choice for driving an electric bicycle that has a limitation regarding the motor space. Regarding parameters’ effect, the simulation figures and data show that the motor torque will increase if we increase supply current, stack length and external diameter, while speed decreases as it inversely changes with torque. Except for advance angle which helps motor to produce maximum possible torque at a higher speed.
 
Determination of Acetyl Salicylic Acid in Aspirin tablets
Get PDFDrug analysis is an important method for determination of active components of any therapeutic drugs. HPLC, Spectrometry, Direct titration and Back-titration are common effective techniques in drug analysis. They were used in this study in a comparative way for the determination of the correct amount of acetyl salicylic acid in aspirin formulations. The aim of this study is to analysis of aspirin and compares both Direct titration and Back-titration techniques to the standard HPLC technique in order to find alternative, the easy and cheaper procedure to assess the quality of active components of medications aspirin in particular in Sulaimani city. Additionally, Spectrophotometric technique were also used and compared with the standard HPLC method. The samples were collected from different local drug stores in which distribute medications to pharmacies and they were from different companies. The analyses were performed after preparing a solution from each of the samples with a standard solutions for titration procedures. Both direct and back-titration techniques were used to find the concentration of active components in aspirin samples then compared with the data from standard HPLC as a reference value. The study showed that those companies which provide medications to this region were used a standard amount of acetyl salicylic acid in aspirin tablets. The result from Spectrophotometric method showed more accurate than both direct and indirect titration when compared to the reference value from standard HPLC technique due to the high rate of accuracy and precision of this method. However, the result also showed some inconsistent data in terms of the back titration compared to direct titration due to the inaccuracy in back titration. This study concluded with the necessity for quality control to use all these techniques for monitoring all medications which interring this region