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Nadzieja w dyskursie afektywnym Czesława Miłosza
Get PDFThe work aims to discuss the relationship between the vision of hope in Czesław Miłosz’s writing and the need for man to find meaning. The author realizes the theme based on the novel The Issa valley by the Polish Nobel Prize winner. The basic context in this sketch is the logotherapy project of Emanuel V. Frankl, professor of psychiatry and author of the bestseller Man in search of meaning. But another work by Frankl will be recalled here: The will of meaning, because in it the author included the assumptions of logotherapy. Other contexts introduced into this sketch are the cultural theory of emotions (Richard A. Shweder) and elements of the concept of subject (Michel Foucault). According to Miłosz – which results from the analysis of his novels – hope is necessary to find the meaning of existence. There is also an inverse relationship: the lack of hope has as its result a sense of meaningless existence, which can lead the hero of the novel to suicide. For Miłosz, finding the meaning of life, as well as not finding it, is a kind of mystery to which literature can make an approach. At the same time, literature can be something of a medium of meaning.The work aims to discuss the relationship between the vision of hope in Czesław Miłosz’s writing and the need for man to find meaning. The author realizes the theme based on the novel The Issa valley by the Polish Nobel Prize winner. The basic context in this sketch is the logotherapy project of Emanuel V. Frankl, professor of psychiatry and author of the bestseller Man in search of meaning. But another work by Frankl will be recalled here: The will of meaning, because in it the author included the assumptions of logotherapy. Other contexts introduced into this sketch are the cultural theory of emotions (Richard A. Shweder) and elements of the concept of subject (Michel Foucault). According to Miłosz – which results from the analysis of his novels – hope is necessary to find the meaning of existence. There is also an inverse relationship: the lack of hope has as its result a sense of meaningless existence, which can lead the hero of the novel to suicide. For Miłosz, finding the meaning of life, as well as not finding it, is a kind of mystery to which literature can make an approach. At the same time, literature can be something of a medium of meaning.The work aims to discuss the relationship between the vision of hope in Czesław Miłosz’s writing and the need for man to find meaning. The author realizes the theme based on the novel The Issa valley by the Polish Nobel Prize winner. The basic context in this sketch is the logotherapy project of Emanuel V. Frankl, professor of psychiatry and author of the bestseller Man in search of meaning. But another work by Frankl will be recalled here: The will of meaning, because in it the author included the assumptions of logotherapy. Other contexts introduced into this sketch are the cultural theory of emotions (Richard A. Shweder) and elements of the concept of subject (Michel Foucault). According to Miłosz – which results from the analysis of his novels – hope is necessary to find the meaning of existence. There is also an inverse relationship: the lack of hope has as its result a sense of meaningless existence, which can lead the hero of the novel to suicide. For Miłosz, finding the meaning of life, as well as not finding it, is a kind of mystery to which literature can make an approach. At the same time, literature can be something of a medium of meaning.The work aims to discuss the relationship between the vision of hope in Czesław Miłosz’s writing and the need for man to find meaning. The author realizes the theme based on the novel The Issa valley by the Polish Nobel Prize winner. The basic context in this sketch is the logotherapy project of Emanuel V. Frankl, professor of psychiatry and author of the bestseller Man in search of meaning. But another work by Frankl will be recalled here: The will of meaning, because in it the author included the assumptions of logotherapy. Other contexts introduced into this sketch are the cultural theory of emotions (Richard A. Shweder) and elements of the concept of subject (Michel Foucault). According to Miłosz – which results from the analysis of his novels – hope is necessary to find the meaning of existence. There is also an inverse relationship: the lack of hope has as its result a sense of meaningless existence, which can lead the hero of the novel to suicide. For Miłosz, finding the meaning of life, as well as not finding it, is a kind of mystery to which literature can make an approach. At the same time, literature can be something of a medium of meaning
Świat (nie)kontrolowanych emocji. O literaturoterapii Victorii Reicher
Get PDFThe article deals with the therapeutic aspects of literature. The research material is the prose of Victoria Reicher, a writer who represents the younger generation of Russian-Israeli olim. The author analyses selected works from Yoshka’s house and Telling tales to the left collections. In the texts analyzed, the author sees specific patterns of behavior, typical not only of Russian-speakingrepatriates in Israel but also describing the contemporary human, immersed in the chaos of this world. One of the characteristics of Reicher’s prose is carnivalization. The humor and chaos reveal a frank and true picture of everyday life. According to the author, Reicher’s literature has a purifying purpose and contains psychodrama elements. It provokes reflection, stimulates mental and emotional activity, and soothes negative emotions. The author proves that Reicher, a writer, and trained psychologist, can help readers solve their problems – through her texts, blog, and constant presence on the Internet. Reicher’s literature has the characteristics of therapeutic literature. Moreover, it is an affective bibliotherapy, and guided reading.The article deals with the therapeutic aspects of literature. The research material is the prose of Victoria Reicher, a writer who represents the younger generation of Russian-Israeli olim. The author analyses selected works from Yoshka’s house and Telling tales to the left collections. In the texts analyzed, the author sees specific patterns of behavior, typical not only of Russian-speakingrepatriates in Israel but also describing the contemporary human, immersed in the chaos of this world. One of the characteristics of Reicher’s prose is carnivalization. The humor and chaos reveal a frank and true picture of everyday life. According to the author, Reicher’s literature has a purifying purpose and contains psychodrama elements. It provokes reflection, stimulates mental and emotional activity, and soothes negative emotions. The author proves that Reicher, a writer, and trained psychologist, can help readers solve their problems – through her texts, blog, and constant presence on the Internet. Reicher’s literature has the characteristics of therapeutic literature. Moreover, it is an affective bibliotherapy, and guided reading.The article deals with the therapeutic aspects of literature. The research material is the prose of Victoria Reicher, a writer who represents the younger generation of Russian-Israeli olim. The author analyses selected works from Yoshka’s house and Telling tales to the left collections. In the texts analyzed, the author sees specific patterns of behavior, typical not only of Russian-speaking repatriates in Israel but also describing the contemporary human, immersed in the chaos of this world. One of the characteristics of Reicher’s prose is carnivalization. The humor and chaos reveal a frank and true picture of everyday life. According to the author, Reicher’s literature has a purifying purpose and contains psychodrama elements. It provokes reflection, stimulates mental and emotional activity, and soothes negative emotions. The author proves that Reicher, a writer, and trained psychologist, can help readers solve their problems – through her texts, blog, and constant presence on the Internet. Reicher’s literature has the characteristics of therapeutic literature. Moreover, it is an affective bibliotherapy, and guided reading.The article deals with the therapeutic aspects of literature. The research material is the prose of Victoria Reicher, a writer who represents the younger generation of Russian-Israeli olim. The author analyses selected works from Yoshka’s house and Telling tales to the left collections. In the texts analyzed, the author sees specific patterns of behavior, typical not only of Russian-speakingrepatriates in Israel but also describing the contemporary human, immersed in the chaos of this world. One of the characteristics of Reicher’s prose is carnivalization. The humor and chaos reveal a frank and true picture of everyday life. According to the author, Reicher’s literature has a purifying purpose and contains psychodrama elements. It provokes reflection, stimulates mental and emotional activity, and soothes negative emotions. The author proves that Reicher, a writer, and trained psychologist, can help readers solve their problems – through her texts, blog, and constant presence on the Internet. Reicher’s literature has the characteristics of therapeutic literature. Moreover, it is an affective bibliotherapy, and guided reading
Студент плюс-минус Интернет, или интернет-составляющая в компетенции русиста
Get PDFScientists describe the way young people (school children and university students) think today, as a fundamentally superficial, fragmentary, illogical mosaic. This mode of thinking significantly differs from the conceptual thinking specific to previous generations. Easy access to Internet content and electronic technologies induces students to plagiarize and to resign from independent action. The paper presents fragments of essays and exam tests bearing traces of Internet content manipulation. This practice is not considered as unethical by a number of students. However difficult it may seem to efficiently counteract the habit of copying and pasting material available online, it can be channeled into appropriate approaches and methods. To accommodate these recent changes in cognitive mechanisms, the educational material, and the theoretical elements which are offered to the modern pupils and students, one should intensively focus on contextualizing fragmentary information, providing records in the modernized forms such as modules, flowcharts, algorithms, and mind maps. This approach may help students overcome the inconsistency in the reception and reproduction of the information and avoid serious mistakes in their comprehension of the presented facts. The adaptation of the teaching techniques can form in students the skills of extracting the most important facts, following cause and effect relationships, and structuring the data accordingly.Scientists describe the way young people (school children and university students) think today, as a fundamentally superficial, fragmentary, illogical mosaic. This mode of thinking significantly differs from the conceptual thinking specific to previous generations. Easy access to Internet content and electronic technologies induces students to plagiarize and to resign from independent action. The paper presents fragments of essays and exam tests bearing traces of Internet content manipulation. This practice is not considered as unethical by a number of students. However difficult it may seem to efficiently counteract the habit of copying and pasting material available online, it can be channeled into appropriate approaches and methods. To accommodate these recent changes in cognitive mechanisms, the educational material, and the theoretical elements which are offered to the modern pupils and students, one should intensively focus on contextualizing fragmentary information, providing records in the modernized forms such as modules, flowcharts, algorithms, and mind maps. This approach may help students overcome the inconsistency in the reception and reproduction of the information and avoid serious mistakes in their comprehension of the presented facts. The adaptation of the teaching techniques can form in students the skills of extracting the most important facts, following cause and effect relationships, and structuring the data accordingly.Scientists describe the way young people (school children and university students) think today, as a fundamentally superficial, fragmentary, illogical mosaic. This mode of thinking significantly differs from the conceptual thinking specific to previous generations. Easy access to Internet content and electronic technologies induces students to plagiarize and to resign from independent action. The paper presents fragments of essays and exam tests bearing traces of Internet content manipulation. This practice is not considered as unethical by a number of students. However difficult it may seem to efficiently counteract the habit of copying and pasting material available online, it can be channeled into appropriate approaches and methods. To accommodate these recent changes in cognitive mechanisms, the educational material, and the theoretical elements which are offered to the modern pupils and students, one should intensively focus on contextualizing fragmentary information, providing records in the modernized forms such as modules, flowcharts, algorithms, and mind maps. This approach may help students overcome the inconsistency in the reception and reproduction of the information and avoid serious mistakes in their comprehension of the presented facts. The adaptation of the teaching techniques can form in students the skills of extracting the most important facts, following cause and effect relationships, and structuring the data accordingly.Scientists describe the way young people (school children and university students) think today, as a fundamentally superficial, fragmentary, illogical mosaic. This mode of thinking significantly differs from the conceptual thinking specific to previous generations. Easy access to Internet content and electronic technologies induces students to plagiarize and to resign from independent action. The paper presents fragments of essays and exam tests bearing traces of Internet content manipulation. This practice is not considered as unethical by a number of students. However difficult it may seem to efficiently counteract the habit of copying and pasting material available online, it can be channeled into appropriate approaches and methods. To accommodate these recent changes in cognitive mechanisms, the educational material, and the theoretical elements which are offered to the modern pupils and students, one should intensively focus on contextualizing fragmentary information, providing records in the modernized forms such as modules, flowcharts, algorithms, and mind maps. This approach may help students overcome the inconsistency in the reception and reproduction of the information and avoid serious mistakes in their comprehension of the presented facts. The adaptation of the teaching techniques can form in students the skills of extracting the most important facts, following cause and effect relationships, and structuring the data accordingly
Między radością a smutkiem. O nadziei w poezji Nikołaja Karamzina
Get PDFThe paper presents the poems by Nikolay Karamzin (1766–1826), which refer to hope. They include the following groups of texts: 1) reflection poems: To myself (1795), The song (1795), The hope (1796), To an unfaithful (1796), Sorrow and joy (1797), The coast (1802); 2) occasional poems: about the Tsar Pavel I (1796), about G. Khovanski (1796) and about P. Pelski (1803); 3) poems touching upon the life of a poet and poetry: To a poor poet (1796) and The talents (1796). Some poems are autobiographical (The coast was written after the death of Karamzin’s first wife). The hope, which is based on a comparison of a human’s life to a journey, is considered the most meaningful of his texts. According to Karamzin, life is filled with joy and sorrow, expectation and disappointment, but hope makes the plans easier to achieve, and brings a man closer to the goal. The meaning of his poems is optimistic after all. Karamzin’s letters to Ivan Dmitriev, a poet and a friend, serve as an interpretive background in the article.The paper presents the poems by Nikolay Karamzin (1766–1826), which refer to hope. They include the following groups of texts: 1) reflection poems: To myself (1795), The song (1795), The hope (1796), To an unfaithful (1796), Sorrow and joy (1797), The coast (1802); 2) occasional poems: about the Tsar Pavel I (1796), about G. Khovanski (1796) and about P. Pelski (1803); 3) poems touching upon the life of a poet and poetry: To a poor poet (1796) and The talents (1796). Some poems are autobiographical (The coast was written after the death of Karamzin’s first wife). The hope, which is based on a comparison of a human’s life to a journey, is considered the most meaningful of his texts. According to Karamzin, life is filled with joy and sorrow, expectation and disappointment, but hope makes the plans easier to achieve, and brings a man closer to the goal. The meaning of his poems is optimistic after all. Karamzin’s letters to Ivan Dmitriev, a poet and a friend, serve as an interpretive background in the article.The paper presents the poems by Nikolay Karamzin (1766–1826), which refer to hope. They include the following groups of texts: 1) reflection poems: To myself (1795), The song (1795), The hope (1796), To an unfaithful (1796), Sorrow and joy (1797), The coast (1802); 2) occasional poems: about the Tsar Pavel I (1796), about G. Khovanski (1796) and about P. Pelski (1803); 3) poems touching upon the life of a poet and poetry: To a poor poet (1796) and The talents (1796). Some poems are autobiographical (The coast was written after the death of Karamzin’s first wife). The hope, which is based on a comparison of a human’s life to a journey, is considered the most meaningful of his texts. According to Karamzin, life is filled with joy and sorrow, expectation and disappointment, but hope makes the plans easier to achieve, and brings a man closer to the goal. The meaning of his poems is optimistic after all. Karamzin’s letters to Ivan Dmitriev, a poet and a friend, serve as an interpretive background in the article.The paper presents the poems by Nikolay Karamzin (1766–1826), which refer to hope. They include the following groups of texts: 1) reflection poems: To myself (1795), The song (1795), The hope (1796), To an unfaithful (1796), Sorrow and joy (1797), The coast (1802); 2) occasional poems: about the Tsar Pavel I (1796), about G. Khovanski (1796) and about P. Pelski (1803); 3) poems touching upon the life of a poet and poetry: To a poor poet (1796) and The talents (1796). Some poems are autobiographical (The coast was written after the death of Karamzin’s first wife). The hope, which is based on a comparison of a human’s life to a journey, is considered the most meaningful of his texts. According to Karamzin, life is filled with joy and sorrow, expectation and disappointment, but hope makes the plans easier to achieve, and brings a man closer to the goal. The meaning of his poems is optimistic after all. Karamzin’s letters to Ivan Dmitriev, a poet and a friend, serve as an interpretive background in the article
Motyw nadziei w najnowszej poezji Dmitrija Strocewa
Get PDFThis article is devoted to the analysis of the motif of hope in the latest poetry of the Belarusian independent poet Dmitry Strotsev. The peaceful Belarusian revolution of 2020 became a source of inspiration for Strotsev and influenced the form and content of his latest works. The methodological basis of the research is focused on the observations on hope made by the French philosopher Gabriel Honoré Marcel in the essay Outline of the phenomenology and metaphysics of hope (1942), and by the priest Józef Tischner in the essay Binding of Hope (1973). In Strotsev’s latest poetry, the theme of hope is combined with the heroic peaceful struggle for freedom undertaken by Belarusian society and is inscribed in an intertextual dialogue with the Bible. The poet presents a collective portrait of people filled with hope, which is an impulse for them to act. It shows society at the time of a test of enslavement. The answer to enslavement is opposition born of hope. The experience of heroism also flows from hope. Strotsev’s works not only immortalize the people who fought for freedom, but also multiply the hope inherent in all those who take up a heroic fight against evil. Hope allows them to visualize the “fragility” and “impermanence” of evil. It is also a comfort to those who are suffering from loss. It also helps not to succumb to despair.This article is devoted to the analysis of the motif of hope in the latest poetry of the Belarusian independent poet Dmitry Strotsev. The peaceful Belarusian revolution of 2020 became a source of inspiration for Strotsev and influenced the form and content of his latest works. The methodological basis of the research is focused on the observations on hope made by the French philosopher Gabriel Honoré Marcel in the essay Outline of the phenomenology and metaphysics of hope (1942), and by the priest Józef Tischner in the essay Binding of Hope (1973). In Strotsev’s latest poetry, the theme of hope is combined with the heroic peaceful struggle for freedom undertaken by Belarusian society and is inscribed in an intertextual dialogue with the Bible. The poet presents a collective portrait of people filled with hope, which is an impulse for them to act. It shows society at the time of a test of enslavement. The answer to enslavement is opposition born of hope. The experience of heroism also flows from hope. Strotsev’s works not only immortalize the people who fought for freedom, but also multiply the hope inherent in all those who take up a heroic fight against evil. Hope allows them to visualize the “fragility” and “impermanence” of evil. It is also a comfort to those who are suffering from loss. It also helps not to succumb to despair.This article is devoted to the analysis of the motif of hope in the latest poetry of the Belarusian independent poet Dmitry Strotsev. The peaceful Belarusian revolution of 2020 became a source of inspiration for Strotsev and influenced the form and content of his latest works. The methodological basis of the research is focused on the observations on hope made by the French philosopher Gabriel Honoré Marcel in the essay Outline of the phenomenology and metaphysics of hope (1942), and by the priest Józef Tischner in the essay Binding of Hope (1973). In Strotsev’s latest poetry, the theme of hope is combined with the heroic peaceful struggle for freedom undertaken by Belarusian society and is inscribed in an intertextual dialogue with the Bible. The poet presents a collective portrait of people filled with hope, which is an impulse for them to act. It shows society at the time of a test of enslavement. The answer to enslavement is opposition born of hope. The experience of heroism also flows from hope. Strotsev’s works not only immortalize the people who fought for freedom, but also multiply the hope inherent in all those who take up a heroic fight against evil. Hope allows them to visualize the “fragility” and “impermanence” of evil. It is also a comfort to those who are suffering from loss. It also helps not to succumb to despair.This article is devoted to the analysis of the motif of hope in the latest poetry of the Belarusian independent poet Dmitry Strotsev. The peaceful Belarusian revolution of 2020 became a source of inspiration for Strotsev and influenced the form and content of his latest works. The methodological basis of the research is focused on the observations on hope made by the French philosopher Gabriel Honoré Marcel in the essay Outline of the phenomenology and metaphysics of hope (1942), and by the priest Józef Tischner in the essay Binding of Hope (1973). In Strotsev’s latest poetry, the theme of hope is combined with the heroic peaceful struggle for freedom undertaken by Belarusian society and is inscribed in an intertextual dialogue with the Bible. The poet presents a collective portrait of people filled with hope, which is an impulse for them to act. It shows society at the time of a test of enslavement. The answer to enslavement is opposition born of hope. The experience of heroism also flows from hope. Strotsev’s works not only immortalize the people who fought for freedom, but also multiply the hope inherent in all those who take up a heroic fight against evil. Hope allows them to visualize the “fragility” and “impermanence” of evil. It is also a comfort to those who are suffering from loss. It also helps not to succumb to despair
Obraz pandemii w polskich i rosyjskich połączeniach wyrazowych
Get PDFSince the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has changed not only many aspects of everyday life, but also the lexical systems of languages. Polish and Russian have been enriched with numerous derivatives, loan words, as well as new collocations pretending to become neophrasemes. The linguistic image of the pandemic consists of miscellaneous metaphorical expressions picturing the reality in terms of war, sports’ competitions or natural disasters. New Polish and Russian collocations present different problems of the pandemic crisis and the diverse attitude of individuals and social groups to its threat to public health and the measures taken by governments and international institutions. Furthermore, the analyzed pandemic discourse contains many examples of intertextuality sensu lato. These are allusions to literary texts, music, film, and history. The image of the pandemic in Polish and Russian has been complemented by means of idiomatic transformations, humorous expressions and jokes, which are natural and spontaneous answers to long-lasting fear, anxiety and frustration.Since the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has changed not only many aspects of everyday life, but also the lexical systems of languages. Polish and Russian have been enriched with numerous derivatives, loan words, as well as new collocations pretending to become neophrasemes. The linguistic image of the pandemic consists of miscellaneous metaphorical expressions picturing the reality in terms of war, sports’ competitions or natural disasters. New Polish and Russian collocations present different problems of the pandemic crisis and the diverse attitude of individuals and social groups to its threat to public health and the measures taken by governments and international institutions. Furthermore, the analyzed pandemic discourse contains many examples of intertextuality sensu lato. These are allusions to literary texts, music, film, and history. The image of the pandemic in Polish and Russian has been complemented by means of idiomatic transformations, humorous expressions and jokes, which are natural and spontaneous answers to long-lasting fear, anxiety and frustration.Since the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has changed not only many aspects of everyday life, but also the lexical systems of languages. Polish and Russian have been enriched with numerous derivatives, loan words, as well as new collocations pretending to become neophrasemes. The linguistic image of the pandemic consists of miscellaneous metaphorical expressions picturing the reality in terms of war, sports’ competitions or natural disasters. New Polish and Russian collocations present different problems of the pandemic crisis and the diverse attitude of individuals and social groups to its threat to public health and the measures taken by governments and international institutions. Furthermore, the analyzed pandemic discourse contains many examples of intertextuality sensu lato. These are allusions to literary texts, music, film, and history. The image of the pandemic in Polish and Russian has been complemented by means of idiomatic transformations, humorous expressions and jokes, which are natural and spontaneous answers to long-lasting fear, anxiety and frustration.Since the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has changed not only many aspects of everyday life, but also the lexical systems of languages. Polish and Russian have been enriched with numerous derivatives, loan words, as well as new collocations pretending to become neophrasemes. The linguistic image of the pandemic consists of miscellaneous metaphorical expressions picturing the reality in terms of war, sports’ competitions or natural disasters. New Polish and Russian collocations present different problems of the pandemic crisis and the diverse attitude of individuals and social groups to its threat to public health and the measures taken by governments and international institutions. Furthermore, the analyzed pandemic discourse contains many examples of intertextuality sensu lato. These are allusions to literary texts, music, film, and history. The image of the pandemic in Polish and Russian has been complemented by means of idiomatic transformations, humorous expressions and jokes, which are natural and spontaneous answers to long-lasting fear, anxiety and frustration
Анималистические гротески в фольклоре и литературе славянских народов как художественный антидепрессант и релевантный элемент культурной грамотности
Get PDFSongs with animalistic motifs are widely represented in the traditional culture of Slavic peoples. Songs with bird motifs clearly predominate, as most of them were originally connected with the archaic ritual of the bird wedding. In the course of their centuries of use, their erotic context has been reduced, and their social and didactic motifs have been strengthened. Embodied primarily in the form of grotesques (Czesław Hernas), these songs became an essential element of the cultural literacy (Eric Donald Hirsch) of the people and formed the basis of ethnopedagogy. The playful character and life-like plot collisions played a role of a peculiar psychotherapeutic means, which is confirmed by the reviews of ethnographers, as well as writers, who processed the folklore plots. In the culture of the Slavic peoples of the new time, the songs with bird motifs were most widespread, although the ritual of a bird wedding survived only among the Sorbs from Lusatia. Animalistic grotesques contributed to the socialization of a person, their awareness of themselves within various models of collective identity. This is why such poems and songs are especially relevant in the sphere of modern recreational culture, including in the field of preschool pedagogy.Songs with animalistic motifs are widely represented in the traditional culture of Slavic peoples. Songs with bird motifs clearly predominate, as most of them were originally connected with the archaic ritual of the bird wedding. In the course of their centuries of use, their erotic context has been reduced, and their social and didactic motifs have been strengthened. Embodied primarily in the form of grotesques (Czesław Hernas), these songs became an essential element of the cultural literacy (Eric Donald Hirsch) of the people and formed the basis of ethnopedagogy. The playful character and life-like plot collisions played a role of a peculiar psychotherapeutic means, which is confirmed by the reviews of ethnographers, as well as writers, who processed the folklore plots. In the culture of the Slavic peoples of the new time, the songs with bird motifs were most widespread, although the ritual of a bird wedding survived only among the Sorbs from Lusatia. Animalistic grotesques contributed to the socialization of a person, their awareness of themselves within various models of collective identity. This is why such poems and songs are especially relevant in the sphere of modern recreational culture, including in the field of preschool pedagogy.Songs with animalistic motifs are widely represented in the traditional culture of Slavic peoples. Songs with bird motifs clearly predominate, as most of them were originally connected with the archaic ritual of the bird wedding. In the course of their centuries of use, their erotic context has been reduced, and their social and didactic motifs have been strengthened. Embodied primarily in the form of grotesques (Czesław Hernas), these songs became an essential element of the cultural literacy (Eric Donald Hirsch) of the people and formed the basis of ethnopedagogy. The playful character and life-like plot collisions played a role of a peculiar psychotherapeutic means, which is confirmed by the reviews of ethnographers, as well as writers, who processed the folklore plots. In the culture of the Slavic peoples of the new time, the songs with bird motifs were most widespread, although the ritual of a bird wedding survived only among the Sorbs from Lusatia. Animalistic grotesques contributed to the socialization of a person, their awareness of themselves within various models of collective identity. This is why such poems and songs are especially relevant in the sphere of modern recreational culture, including in the field of preschool pedagogy.Songs with animalistic motifs are widely represented in the traditional culture of Slavic peoples. Songs with bird motifs clearly predominate, as most of them were originally connected with the archaic ritual of the bird wedding. In the course of their centuries of use, their erotic context has been reduced, and their social and didactic motifs have been strengthened. Embodied primarily in the form of grotesques (Czesław Hernas), these songs became an essential element of the cultural literacy (Eric Donald Hirsch) of the people and formed the basis of ethnopedagogy. The playful character and life-like plot collisions played a role of a peculiar psychotherapeutic means, which is confirmed by the reviews of ethnographers, as well as writers, who processed the folklore plots. In the culture of the Slavic peoples of the new time, the songs with bird motifs were most widespread, although the ritual of a bird wedding survived only among the Sorbs from Lusatia. Animalistic grotesques contributed to the socialization of a person, their awareness of themselves within various models of collective identity. This is why such poems and songs are especially relevant in the sphere of modern recreational culture, including in the field of preschool pedagogy
Семантика пустоты в двух романах: Унесенные снами Юрги Иванаускайте и Чапаев и Пустота Виктора Пелевина в перспективе современной литовской литературы
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to understand the reason for the popularity of books by the writer Victor Pelevin (b. 1962) in Lithuania. Pelevin’s internationally popular novel, Chapaev and Void (aka The clay machine-gun; Buddha’s little finger) (Russian, 1996; Lithuanian 1998, 2007; English, 2000) focusing on Buddhist issues, was published in Lithuanian twice; both editions were sold out. In this article, it will be compared with the novel Gone with the dreams (2000, 2007) by one of the most popular authors of contemporary Lithuanian literature, Jurga Ivanauskaitė (1961–2007). Both Pelevin and Ivanauskaitė are authors of the same generation who have experienced a similar atmosphere of the late Soviet period and reflected on the sensibilities of their generation in the contemporary world after the collapse of the Soviet Union; they both studied Tibetan Buddhism. The two novels chosen for comparative analysis are marked by the similarly emphasised Buddhist philosophical idea of void. The article reviews the development of the Oriental discourse in contemporary Lithuanian culture and literature before Jurga Ivanauskaitė started writing. The goal of this short analysis of novels by Ivanauskaitė and Pelevin is, first, to underscore the shared and relevant contents of this discourse. Secondly, it is to support the hypothesis that the Lithuanian orientalist discourse, next to other advantages of Pelevin’s work that are beyond the scope of this article, has become particularly relevant to Lithuanian readers precisely because of the most important Buddhist idea formulated especially attractively in the novel.The purpose of this article is to understand the reason for the popularity of books by the writer Victor Pelevin (b. 1962) in Lithuania. Pelevin’s internationally popular novel, Chapaev and Void (aka The clay machine-gun; Buddha’s little finger) (Russian, 1996; Lithuanian 1998, 2007; English, 2000) focusing on Buddhist issues, was published in Lithuanian twice; both editions were sold out. In this article, it will be compared with the novel Gone with the dreams (2000, 2007) by one of the most popular authors of contemporary Lithuanian literature, Jurga Ivanauskaitė (1961–2007). Both Pelevin and Ivanauskaitė are authors of the same generation who have experienced a similar atmosphere of the late Soviet period and reflected on the sensibilities of their generation in the contemporary world after the collapse of the Soviet Union; they both studied Tibetan Buddhism. The two novels chosen for comparative analysis are marked by the similarly emphasised Buddhist philosophical idea of void. The article reviews the development of the Oriental discourse in contemporary Lithuanian culture and literature before Jurga Ivanauskaitė started writing. The goal of this short analysis of novels by Ivanauskaitė and Pelevin is, first, to underscore the shared and relevant contents of this discourse. Secondly, it is to support the hypothesis that the Lithuanian orientalist discourse, next to other advantages of Pelevin’s work that are beyond the scope of this article, has become particularly relevant to Lithuanian readers precisely because of the most important Buddhist idea formulated especially attractively in the novel.The purpose of this article is to understand the reason for the popularity of books by the writer Victor Pelevin (b. 1962) in Lithuania. Pelevin’s internationally popular novel, Chapaev and Void (aka The clay machine-gun; Buddha’s little finger) (Russian, 1996; Lithuanian 1998, 2007; English, 2000) focusing on Buddhist issues, was published in Lithuanian twice; both editions were sold out. In this article, it will be compared with the novel Gone with the dreams (2000, 2007) by one of the most popular authors of contemporary Lithuanian literature, Jurga Ivanauskaitė (1961–2007). Both Pelevin and Ivanauskaitė are authors of the same generation who have experienced a similar atmosphere of the late Soviet period and reflected on the sensibilities of their generation in the contemporary world after the collapse of the Soviet Union; they both studied Tibetan Buddhism. The two novels chosen for comparative analysis are marked by the similarly emphasised Buddhist philosophical idea of void. The article reviews the development of the Oriental discourse in contemporary Lithuanian culture and literature before Jurga Ivanauskaitė started writing. The goal of this short analysis of novels by Ivanauskaitė and Pelevin is, first, to underscore the shared and relevant contents of this discourse. Secondly, it is to support the hypothesis that the Lithuanian orientalist discourse, next to other advantages of Pelevin’s work that are beyond the scope of this article, has become particularly relevant to Lithuanian readers precisely because of the most important Buddhist idea formulated especially attractively in the novel.The purpose of this article is to understand the reason for the popularity of books by the writer Victor Pelevin (b. 1962) in Lithuania. Pelevin’s internationally popular novel, Chapaev and Void (aka The clay machine-gun; Buddha’s little finger) (Russian, 1996; Lithuanian 1998, 2007; English, 2000) focusing on Buddhist issues, was published in Lithuanian twice; both editions were sold out. In this article, it will be compared with the novel Gone with the dreams (2000, 2007) by one of the most popular authors of contemporary Lithuanian literature, Jurga Ivanauskaitė (1961–2007). Both Pelevin and Ivanauskaitė are authors of the same generation who have experienced a similar atmosphere of the late Soviet period and reflected on the sensibilities of their generation in the contemporary world after the collapse of the Soviet Union; they both studied Tibetan Buddhism. The two novels chosen for comparative analysis are marked by the similarly emphasised Buddhist philosophical idea of void. The article reviews the development of the Oriental discourse in contemporary Lithuanian culture and literature before Jurga Ivanauskaitė started writing. The goal of this short analysis of novels by Ivanauskaitė and Pelevin is, first, to underscore the shared and relevant contents of this discourse. Secondly, it is to support the hypothesis that the Lithuanian orientalist discourse, next to other advantages of Pelevin’s work that are beyond the scope of this article, has become particularly relevant to Lithuanian readers precisely because of the most important Buddhist idea formulated especially attractively in the novel
Kontekst w interpretacji metajęzykowych jednostek ironicznych: struktury, typy, granice (na podstawie języka polskiego, rosyjskiego i angielskiego)
Get PDFThe paper deals with the role of context and its features in the interpretation of ironically used metalinguistic (reflexive) expressions in the Russian, Polish, and English languages. Although contextual cues have always been a major topic of interest to irony scholars, more research seems to be needed on how context interacts with a metalinguistic expression and how it indicates that such an expression is to be interpreted ironically. It is clear that the most natural context in the situation in question is speech (in a broad sense) that is referred to in particular metalinguistic expressions. Therefore, the main goal of the paper is to establish the crucial features of linguistic units that could be named and described by metalinguistic expressions and to specify relations between the former and the latter. The main criteria used to classify the examples that are analyzed in the paper are 1) the type of the linguistic unit in the context, 2) the type of contradiction between the metalinguistic expression and the context, and 3) the limits of the context that is required for ironical interpretation of the metalinguistic expression.The paper deals with the role of context and its features in the interpretation of ironically used metalinguistic (reflexive) expressions in the Russian, Polish, and English languages. Although contextual cues have always been a major topic of interest to irony scholars, more research seems to be needed on how context interacts with a metalinguistic expression and how it indicates that such an expression is to be interpreted ironically. It is clear that the most natural context in the situation in question is speech (in a broad sense) that is referred to in particular metalinguistic expressions. Therefore, the main goal of the paper is to establish the crucial features of linguistic units that could be named and described by metalinguistic expressions and to specify relations between the former and the latter. The main criteria used to classify the examples that are analyzed in the paper are 1) the type of the linguistic unit in the context, 2) the type of contradiction between the metalinguistic expression and the context, and 3) the limits of the context that is required for ironical interpretation of the metalinguistic expression.The paper deals with the role of context and its features in the interpretation of ironically used metalinguistic (reflexive) expressions in the Russian, Polish, and English languages. Although contextual cues have always been a major topic of interest to irony scholars, more research seems to be needed on how context interacts with a metalinguistic expression and how it indicates that such an expression is to be interpreted ironically. It is clear that the most natural context in the situation in question is speech (in a broad sense) that is referred to in particular metalinguistic expressions. Therefore, the main goal of the paper is to establish the crucial features of linguistic units that could be named and described by metalinguistic expressions and to specify relations between the former and the latter. The main criteria used to classify the examples that are analyzed in the paper are 1) the type of the linguistic unit in the context, 2) the type of contradiction between the metalinguistic expression and the context, and 3) the limits of the context that is required for ironical interpretation of the metalinguistic expression.The paper deals with the role of context and its features in the interpretation of ironically used metalinguistic (reflexive) expressions in the Russian, Polish, and English languages. Although contextual cues have always been a major topic of interest to irony scholars, more research seems to be needed on how context interacts with a metalinguistic expression and how it indicates that such an expression is to be interpreted ironically. It is clear that the most natural context in the situation in question is speech (in a broad sense) that is referred to in particular metalinguistic expressions. Therefore, the main goal of the paper is to establish the crucial features of linguistic units that could be named and described by metalinguistic expressions and to specify relations between the former and the latter. The main criteria used to classify the examples that are analyzed in the paper are 1) the type of the linguistic unit in the context, 2) the type of contradiction between the metalinguistic expression and the context, and 3) the limits of the context that is required for ironical interpretation of the metalinguistic expression
Leksykalne wykładniki emocji pozytywnych w tekście polskim w porównaniu z rosyjskim przekładem
Get PDFThis article analyses Polish nouns denoting selected positive emotional states in comparison to their equivalents in the Russian text. The factual material was taken from Katarzyna Kołczewska’s book entitled Kto, jak nie ja? and its translation into Russian, and includes sentences containing the above-mentioned nouns and their equivalents from the target text. The conducted analysis allows us to state that the nouns denoting emotions recorded in translation dictionaries, despite the presence of exact equivalents, are translated by means of lexemes modifying their meaning both in the quantitative aspect (by using lexemes indicating emotional states of higher or lower intensity), as well as in the qualitative aspect. In addition, the emotional meaning of selected nouns is conveyed in the target text by means of words referring to other parts of speech, often co-occurring with the main dictionary equivalent. The study has shown that despite the presence of established equivalents in translation dictionaries, the meaning of nouns naming selected positive emotions is conveyed in different ways in the Russian translation text. The presented repertoire of textual equivalents is by no means complete and final. The study concludes that the repertoire remains open, and textual realizations are not always consistent with the equivalents proposed by the dictionary.This article analyses Polish nouns denoting selected positive emotional states in comparison to their equivalents in the Russian text. The factual material was taken from Katarzyna Kołczewska’s book entitled Kto, jak nie ja? and its translation into Russian, and includes sentences containing the above-mentioned nouns and their equivalents from the target text. The conducted analysis allows us to state that the nouns denoting emotions recorded in translation dictionaries, despite the presence of exact equivalents, are translated by means of lexemes modifying their meaning both in the quantitative aspect (by using lexemes indicating emotional states of higher or lower intensity), as well as in the qualitative aspect. In addition, the emotional meaning of selected nouns is conveyed in the target text by means of words referring to other parts of speech, often co-occurring with the main dictionary equivalent. The study has shown that despite the presence of established equivalents in translation dictionaries, the meaning of nouns naming selected positive emotions is conveyed in different ways in the Russian translation text. The presented repertoire of textual equivalents is by no means complete and final. The study concludes that the repertoire remains open, and textual realizations are not always consistent with the equivalents proposed by the dictionary.This article analyses Polish nouns denoting selected positive emotional states in comparison to their equivalents in the Russian text. The factual material was taken from Katarzyna Kołczewska’s book entitled Kto, jak nie ja? and its translation into Russian, and includes sentences containing the above-mentioned nouns and their equivalents from the target text. The conducted analysis allows us to state that the nouns denoting emotions recorded in translation dictionaries, despite the presence of exact equivalents, are translated by means of lexemes modifying their meaning both in the quantitative aspect (by using lexemes indicating emotional states of higher or lower intensity), as well as in the qualitative aspect. In addition, the emotional meaning of selected nouns is conveyed in the target text by means of words referring to other parts of speech, often co-occurring with the main dictionary equivalent. The study has shown that despite the presence of established equivalents in translation dictionaries, the meaning of nouns naming selected positive emotions is conveyed in different ways in the Russian translation text. The presented repertoire of textual equivalents is by no means complete and final. The study concludes that the repertoire remains open, and textual realizations are not always consistent with the equivalents proposed by the dictionary.This article analyses Polish nouns denoting selected positive emotional states in comparison to their equivalents in the Russian text. The factual material was taken from Katarzyna Kołczewska’s book entitled Kto, jak nie ja? and its translation into Russian, and includes sentences containing the above-mentioned nouns and their equivalents from the target text. The conducted analysis allows us to state that the nouns denoting emotions recorded in translation dictionaries, despite the presence of exact equivalents, are translated by means of lexemes modifying their meaning both in the quantitative aspect (by using lexemes indicating emotional states of higher or lower intensity), as well as in the qualitative aspect. In addition, the emotional meaning of selected nouns is conveyed in the target text by means of words referring to other parts of speech, often co-occurring with the main dictionary equivalent. The study has shown that despite the presence of established equivalents in translation dictionaries, the meaning of nouns naming selected positive emotions is conveyed in different ways in the Russian translation text. The presented repertoire of textual equivalents is by no means complete and final. The study concludes that the repertoire remains open, and textual realizations are not always consistent with the equivalents proposed by the dictionary