Studia Rossica Posnaniensia
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Кулинария в языковом сознании поляков, русских и немцев (аксиолингвистический аспект)
No full textThe article is an attempt at establishing a way of understanding the term Food in the systems of values in the language awareness of Poles, Russians and Germans. The author analyses the results of a Free Word Association Test.The article is an attempt at establishing a way of understanding the term Food in the systems of values in the language awareness of Poles, Russians and Germans. The author analyses the results of a Free Word Association Test
Тенденция к оптимальной организации системы видовых пара- дигм в русском языке
No full textThe reorganization of the initial system of aspect paradigms in Old Russian is investigated within the framework of the theory of natural grammar. It is claimed, in accordance with this theory, that the grammatical changes in morphological systems of natural languages are determined by a limited set of typologically relevant markedness principles (naturalness principles or preference laws). These principles explain the attested diachrony of grammatical changes in the system of aspectual paradigms of the Russian verb and predict the general direction in its development. During the historical development of the system of aspectual paradigms in Russian, optimal iconic perfectivizing paradigms are ousting non-optimal countericonic imperfectivizing paradigms as well as non-optimal non-iconic aspectual syncretic paradigms. In contemporary Russian, aspectual paradigms of perfectivization are preferable in terms of competitive aspectual paradigms of imperfectivization and syncretic aspectual paradigms. The share of optimal paradigms of perfectivization is constantly increasing in modern Russian. Consequently, there is direct evidence for the development of the system of Russian aspect paradigms towards optimal organization of aspect paradigms, i.e. towards economy.The reorganization of the initial system of aspect paradigms in Old Russian is investigated within the framework of the theory of natural grammar. It is claimed, in accordance with this theory, that the grammatical changes in morphological systems of natural languages are determined by a limited set of typologically relevant markedness principles (naturalness principles or preference laws). These principles explain the attested diachrony of grammatical changes in the system of aspectual paradigms of the Russian verb and predict the general direction in its development. During the historical development of the system of aspectual paradigms in Russian, optimal iconic perfectivizing paradigms are ousting non-optimal countericonic imperfectivizing paradigms as well as non-optimal non-iconic aspectual syncretic paradigms. In contemporary Russian, aspectual paradigms of perfectivization are preferable in terms of competitive aspectual paradigms of imperfectivization and syncretic aspectual paradigms. The share of optimal paradigms of perfectivization is constantly increasing in modern Russian. Consequently, there is direct evidence for the development of the system of Russian aspect paradigms towards optimal organization of aspect paradigms, i.e. towards economy
Модификации паремии „Na złodzieju czapka gore / На воре [и] шапка горит” в польских и русскоязычных Интернет-СМИ
No full textThe article discusses transformations of the proverb na złodzieju czapka gore / на воре [и] шапка горит in Polish and Russian-language online media (lexical changes, additions, grammatical modifications, contaminations).The article discusses transformations of the proverb na złodzieju czapka gore / на воре [и] шапка горит in Polish and Russian-language online media (lexical changes, additions, grammatical modifications, contaminations)
Семантическая неопределенность цветообозначений в польском и русском языках (на материале лексикографических данных)
No full textColor lexis constitutes a complex semantic network of meanings, which sometimes makes it difficult to determine the characteristic feature of a given color name. This article analyzes the semantic ambiguity of color lexis in the Polish and Russian languages. Color ambiguity, as shown by the analysis, is related to the specificity of the color pattern, the lack of stability of the color pattern or its multicolour quality.Color lexis constitutes a complex semantic network of meanings, which sometimes makes it difficult to determine the characteristic feature of a given color name. This article analyzes the semantic ambiguity of color lexis in the Polish and Russian languages. Color ambiguity, as shown by the analysis, is related to the specificity of the color pattern, the lack of stability of the color pattern or its multicolour quality
Antona Czechowa spojrzenie na bieg historii
Get PDFAmong the issues, themes and contributions which Anton Chekhov undertook in his works, one may also find the broadly-understood issue of an individual\u27s place in the course of historical events. In this case, and others like it, this writer\u27s opinion stands out among the works of other Russian writers. This is related to the fact that the author of The Steppe is convinced that the individual, and his conscious behaviour, contributes to the behaviour of a group and society. This is in contrast to the reasoning of most Russian writers of those times; however, it proves to be characteristic of Chekhov\u27s thinking
Derywacja czasowników w rosyjskim slangu młodzieżowym na bazie angielskiego materiału leksykalnego
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the derivation of verbs in Russian youth slang, based on English lexical material (verbs, nouns, adjectives). By means of Russian\u27s numerous affixes, young people form various expressive and humorous verbs, build derivational nests and create English verbs, which are homonyms of Russian words
Rosja Katarzyny II w Zapiskach Louisa Philippe’a de Ségura
Get PDFThe text presents deliberations on Russia by Louis Philippe de Ségur, a French diplomat, who spent almost five years in Petersburg at the court of Catherine the Great. Against the background of his intricately crafted missionary strategy, whose aim was to sign a trade treaty with Russia, Ségur draws a distinctive portrait of the tsarina and her favourite, Potiomkin, skilfully smuggling in a criticism of their reformation activities. Exposing the delusion of Russia’s civilization progress, “the country of dumb obedience and anarchy” whose nation, superficially absorbing European customs, is still plunged into slavery, he simultaneously revisits “the Russian mirage”
Достоевский о поляках — поляки о Достоевском: метастереотипность как имагологическая проблема
Get PDFIn the article, Jerzy Stempowski\u27s essay The Poles in Novels by Dostoyevsky is analyzed in terms of its imagological aspect. Polish motifs in the novel The Brothers Karamazov are investigated in connexion with the writer\u27s religious philosophy and existential consciousness
Paremiologia na warsztacie leksykografa. W stronę słownika przyjaznego odbiorcy
Get PDFThe paper features a treatment of the basic postulates that are aimed at developing a proverb dictionary, which would, on the one hand, characterize the assembled material in an optimal and comprehensive way, and retain the status of a user-friendly dictionary, on the other hand. This “friendliness” is achieved through the simplification of formal description, the withdrawal of acronyms and references, and the reduction of redundant comments and explanations. The order of particular description elements is also of considerable importance in the process of developing a dictionary, which will, first and foremost, allow the user to easily acquire as broad a knowledge about proverbs as possible in an accessible and effective way
„…z polska — po rosyjsku”, czyli o tym, jak Polacy używają ruszczyzny
Get PDFThis article is an attempt to reflect on Poles\u27 attitude towards the Russian language. Its aim is to reconstruct various “Polish views of Russian” in their objective dimension (with no intention to evaluate or criticise). Three stereotypical pictures of the Russian language present in the Polish common consciousness recreated by the author are based on range of language material. The description of “the three pictures of Russian in the Polish head” (“Polish common knowledge about Russian”) indicates the instrumentality of this language, which occurs in three hypostases. For the first image it is the usual instrumentality of communication (rossicum is an addition and an excess of information within a Polish text), for the second image the instrumentality acquires unambiguously pragmatic features and the rossicum becomes an instrument of effective action, and for the third picture the instrumentality of Russian elements sets in motion the symbolic-cognitive (creating a sense) function of Russian in Polish text