Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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Intelektualiści zachodnioeuropejscy od wybuchu II wojny światowej do współczesności
Get PDFThis study aims to show the forms of political involvement of Western European intellectuals. In doing so, the paper attempts to answer the question about the role they played in Western and Central Europe in the discussed period. The paper also demonstrates the cultural and political causes of their decline.streszczenieFor the intellectuals of Western and Central Europe, World War 2 was an extremely difficult period. The genocidal policies of the totalitarian states induced them to take a position, while at the same time depriving them of the ability to express their views publicly. This engendered a sense of helplessness; also, apart for a few exceptions, only emigrants could actually perform the function of intellectuals. Among those, an important role to play fell to two groups: German emigrants who distanced themselves from their nation, and Jewish emigrants, who addressed the subject of the Holocaust. After the war, the Iron Curtain also restricted the actions of intellectuals. It soon turned out that the tenor of spiritual life was set by left-wing authors, fascinated with the USSR. The fascination petered out after the disclosure of Stalin’s crimes in 1956. It was terminated definitively by the ruthless suppression of the Prague Spring. It was at that time that conservatism and right-wing intellectuals returned to Europe. Their aim was to reverse the trend and prevent Western Europe from drifting leftward. The change of the paradigm served to settle the scores with the leftist intellectuals. They were accused of subversive activities against the state and nation or treason. Also, in the intellectual circles there emerged a conviction that the previous formula had been exhausted. A new formula of activities of intellectuals was considered particularly in France, by authors of such eminence as R. Aron, M. Foucault, or P. Bourdieu. The deconstruction of the figure of the intellectual was completed by J.-F. Lyotard, who pronounced the death of intellectuals. Involvement of intellectuals remained a valid notion only in the countries of the Eastern bloc. In post-Cold War Europe, the decline of intellectuals became even more discernible. This was occasioned by a number of political and cultural factors. In this respect, particular role should be attributed to postmodernism which, by disproving the Enlightenment understanding of culture, undermined the role played by intellectuals
Karl Christ i Rzym nieprzemijający…
Get PDFKarl Christ belonged to the most eminent German historians of the ancient Rome of the latter half of the 20th century. He was particularly interested in the Roman Empire and its place in the European history. This was vividly reflected in his “Geschichte der römischen Kaiserzeit”, which had as many as six editions in Germany. The book conveys the conviction that the history of the Roman Empire constitutes a fundament of contemporary Europe, regardless of the assessment it received over the centuries, which was often very negative. Karl Christ believed that in our times, Roman Empire acquires a new meaning in view of the unification of Europe. Naturally enough, this engenders the question whether a similar process had taken place in the past, whether there is a model of unity and if so, whether it has a chance of being successful. It turns out that the Roman Empire, despite its weaknesses and drawbacks, can be the only point of reference, regardless of the ways in which Europe is “unified”. The observation is also applied in a broader perspective which extends beyond Europe. This is associated with the ongoing globalisation, which in its turn provokes questions about a similar phenomenon in the past, and almost automatically evokes the example of the Roman Empire. Therefore Christ decided to provide the reader with a comprehensive compendium of knowledge of the Roman Empire in a structural-dialectic approach, so as to facilitate the understanding of persistence of the ancient realm and its impact on European history, at the same time enabling one to arrive at its spiritual and cultural roots. Christ wished to acquaint the contemporary inhabitant of our continent with the dialectics of development of the Roman world, its structural evolution, internal social and cultural diffusion and finally the development of culture in all its manifestations. The historian believed that only in this fashion, i.e. not only through history of persons and events, based on sensational elements, can one appreciate the place of the Roman Empire in the developmental sequence of the European continent and its significance for the contemporary cultural shape of Europe. This is also reflected in Christ’s studies on the history of historiography, or the image of the history of ancient Rome and the specificity of the Roman Empire that had been created by various authors over the centuries. This is also where he undertook the effort to evaluate the positions assumed by German historians in the Nazi times and during the Communist era, in the German Democratic Republic. Nonetheless, the studies of history of historiography were only a means to an end, which was to promote the awareness of the importance of the Roman world, or Mediterranean civilisation as a whole, for the contemporary European culture as well as highlight its persisting influence. In Christ’s opinion, it is that “dialogue of a historian with history” which demonstrates to the fullest extent the dialectic bond between antiquity and the present day.słowa klucz
Prasa i film II Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej wobec handlu białymi niewolnicami
Get PDFThis article presents, from a historical perspective, the role that the press and film played in the fight against slave trade in 2nd Republic of Poland, in the years 1918-1939. Source material for the paper had been obtained from state archives (the Archive of New Acts in Warsaw, the State Archive in Poznań) and the Archdiocesan Archive in Poznań, as well as excerpted from magazines and films from the period. Articles and press statements which provided information on human trafficking, human traffickers, socio-political countermeasures employed in Europe and in Poland conveyed the image of Polish involvement in the fight against human trafficking, the victims of which were Polish women. Films (scientific, feature films) were the means of propaganda in the fight against human trafficking, the main goal of which was mostly raising public awarenesssłowa klucz
Wybór Klaudiusza na cesarza
Get PDFThe article offers a critical analysis of the source accounts which present the circumstances surrounding the election of Claudius for princeps. Among other things, I attempt to answer the question whether his appointment to the imperial throne resulted from a sheer concatenation of circumstances or was perhaps due to planned action of a substantial group of soldiers of the praetorian guard.The article offers a critical analysis of the source accounts which present the circumstances surrounding the election of Claudius for princeps. Among other things, I attempt to answer the question whether his appointment to the imperial throne resulted from a sheer concatenation of circumstances or was perhaps due to planned action of a substantial group of soldiers of the praetorian guard
O migracjach, podróżowaniu i małych ojczyznach w świecie nie tylko rzymskim.
Get PDFRecenzja książki: Überall zu Hause und doch fremd: Römer unterwegs, red. D. Schmitz, M. Sieler, Kataloge des LVR-Römer museums im Archäologischen Park Xanten, 5, Xanten 2013, 252 s., ilustracjestron
Rzeczywistość i fikcja w mitach samorządności i egalitaryzmu Hiszpanii nowożytnej w kreowaniu współczesnych tożsamości narodowych
No full textThe article analyzes the ease with which issues related to the identity of a given social group can be created or committed to oblivion. Also, it examines the subjective and partial exploitation of historical facts which stems from ignorance or vested interests. The author presents a range of examples, covering the period from the rule of the old order (ancien regime) to the present day.The article analyzes the ease with which issues related to the identity of a given social group can be created or committed to oblivion. Also, it examines the subjective and partial exploitation of historical facts which stems from ignorance or vested interests. The author presents a range of examples, covering the period from the rule of the old order (ancien regime) to the present day.The article analyzes the ease with which issues related to the identity of a given social group can be created or committed to oblivion. Also, it examines the subjective and partial exploitation of historical facts which stems from ignorance or vested interests. The author presents a range of examples, covering the period from the rule of the old order (ancien regime) to the present day
O cesarzu Makrynie; rec. książki: Przemysław Daniel Dyrlaga, Cesarz Makryn. W cieniu wojen i uzurpacji
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Heterotopie i nie-miejsca w „Cześć Tereska!” Roberta Glińskiego i „Lilji 4-ever” Lukasa Moodyssona
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to analyse non-places and heterotopias in the films “Cześć Tereska!” (Poland, 2001, Robert Gliński) and “Lilja 4-ever” (Sweden, 2002, Lukas Moodysson). Drawing on the theories of French anthropologist Marc Augé and philosopher Michel Foucault, the author demonstrates that the lives of the protagonists revolve around the ghetto-like housing estates of apartment blocks and non-places of hypermodernity. At the same time, despite the surrounding bleakness and fatalism, the heroines manage to find “havens” which perform the functions of heterotopia, in the sense proposed by Michel Foucault. The significance of both places is ambivalent, which is demonstrated in the discussion.The aim of this paper is to analyse non-places and heterotopias in the films “Cześć Tereska!” (Poland, 2001, Robert Gliński) and “Lilja 4-ever” (Sweden, 2002, Lukas Moodysson). Drawing on the theories of French anthropologist Marc Augé and philosopher Michel Foucault, the author demonstrates that the lives of the protagonists revolve around the ghetto-like housing estates of apartment blocks and non-places of hypermodernity. At the same time, despite the surrounding bleakness and fatalism, the heroines manage to find “havens” which perform the functions of heterotopia, in the sense proposed by Michel Foucault. The significance of both places is ambivalent, which is demonstrated in the discussion
Flâneur widziany oczyma flâneura. Próba przeanalizowania obrazu obserwatora tłumu kreowanego przez Waltera Benjamina
Get PDFThis paper discusses the figure of flâneur , the urban observer. By way of the perspective adopted by Walter Benjamin, I attempt to identify all aspects of flâneurism. What is more, I try to ascertain the existence of correlations between the writer (Walter Benjamin) and the flâneur he described.This paper discusses the figure of flâneur , the urban observer. By way of the perspective adopted by Walter Benjamin, I attempt to identify all aspects of flâneurism. What is more, I try to ascertain the existence of correlations between the writer (Walter Benjamin) and the flâneur he described
Roma aeterna.
Get PDFRecenzja książki: Peter Heather, Odrodzenie Rzymu. Cesarze i papieże: bój o władzę nad chrześcijaństwem, przeł. J. Szczepański, Dom Wydaw¬niczy Rebis, Poznań 2014, 514 s. z ilustracjami i mapamistron