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High noise Removal Using Weighted Median Filter of Salt-and-Pepper Noise
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to determine whether or not the median and weighted median filters are efficient in removing salt and pepper noise from digital photographs. The picture quality may be severely diminished when there is a high degree of this noise. Because of its ease of use, efficiency, and capacity to maintain edge details, the median filter is often used for the purpose of noise reduction. On the other hand, it is less effective in environments that are notoriously loud. As an additional, more sophisticated option, the study recommends using a weighted median filter in order to circumvent this issue. By assigning greater weight to pixels with comparable intensity levels, this filter is extremely good at decreasing background noise. As a result, it is highly ideal for use in contexts that possess a high degree of background noise. According to the findings of the experiments, the suggested approach works much better than the conventional median filtering strategies when used to high-noise circumstances
(Re-browsing the old calendar with a modern digital one using GIS-RS programs) and updating it to its digital form
Get PDFResearch and practical applications to update maps depend on successive steps and take into account the development of surveying devices and methods of producing old cadastral maps. which are the only maps available for ownership in Iraq, and that Iraqi government departments and Iraqi state departments use these maps. The research suggests a way to update old agricultural cadastral maps in Iraq by following a re-measurement-based modernization approach as an accuracy limit. Modern D.G.P.S scanning devices and GIS Software is used. to produce new and effective maps with a solid scientific update methodology. The study area is the Mosul district to which the methodology will be applied and the study area covers the Mosul district according to the approved index and old cadastral maps. The results of the study area showed that the methodology used in the research can produce a new correctly-measured map. The projection WGS 1984_ UTM Zone 38 in the Mosul
Evaluation of Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida albicans alongside with pathogenic bacteria in kirkuk females
Get PDFVulvovaginitis is one of the commonest reproductive tract infections in women worldwide. There are three types of infectious :vaginitis including, bacterial vaginosis ,valvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. During the period from December 2021 to April 2022 in the Women conduct Children Hospital in Al-Nasr neighborhood and in private outpatient clinics in Kirkuk city in Iraq. The number of specimens examined was 160 samples(106from healthy and 54from infected women) and the ages ranged between (14-50) years. After the pairs swabs were taken, the direct examination and staining and culturing on the different culture media to diagnose many pathogenic microorganism (bacteria spp, candida spp, trichomonas vaginalis parasite). Trichomoniasis was detected by wet and stained smears and culture . Bacterial infection was confirmed by Nugent scoring method after Gram staining and culture . Candidiasis was identified by direct examination and culturing on both Sabouraud dextrose agar and Chromagar medium. The bacterial and candida diagnosis conforming by vitex-2 system. From the54 sample positive, the commonest organisms was bacteria (33.75%gram negative and gram positive 31.25%), followed by Candida species 14.37%, Trichomniasis as 5%, and mixed infection with these three agents in 17.5%. the commonest organisms was bacteria (100%gram negative and 92.59%), followed by Candida species 42.59%, Trichomniasis as 14.81%, and mixed infection with these three agents in 51.85%.E. coli 15(27.77%) and staph. aureus 16(32%) was the major bacteria isolate and candida albicans(13.12%) was the major of candida spp. isolate. And the results of the relationship of Vulvovaginitis with the age showed that incidence of infection was high among females age group(36-45years) 20(12.5%) . This study conclude that, bacterial vaginosis compile high percentage among women with vaginal discharge. It can be present alone or along with candidiasis while rare cases record a combined infection of bacterial vaginosis along with trichomoniasis and both candidiasis and trichomoniasis may be as secondary infection that enhanced after bacterial vaginosis. 
Prevalence and Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Otitis Media in Kirkuk City
Get PDFBackground: Otitis media (OM) is middle ear inflammation, it is a prevalent health care disorder that affects people of all ages and both genders. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is the most prevalent pathogen bacteria that causes the disease and has a high level of antibiotic resistance. The P. aeruginosa possess virulence characteristics which cause damages to the middle ear mucosa.Antibiotic resistance constitutes the main threat to people's health. Objective: The objective of the current study is to evaluate the frequency of P. aeruginosa isolated from Otitis media patients and investigate their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods: total of 235 ear swabs were collected from otitis media patients who visited a specialized outpatient center in Kirkuk City and the ENT consultation facility at Kirkuk Hospitals. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by the VITEK 2 AST card and bacterial isolation and identification were both done. Results: The results of this study reveal that out of 235 ear swabs collected from patients with otitis media showed 22/235 (9.4 %) isolation rate for P. aeruginosa. And among the most effective antibiotics against the most of the detected pathogenic bacteria were Amikacin (95.4%), followed by Ceftazidime/ Avibactam, Piperacillin /Tazobactam, and Ceftolozane/ Tazobactam each with (91%), Colistin (86%), Imipenemand and Meropenem (81.8%, 86.4%) respectively, Ceftazidime, Cefeime, Levofloxacin, and Azreonam each with ( 77.3%), Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin both (72.7%) with Gentamicin (68.2%). Conclusion: The bacteria P. aeruginosa was most common prevalent isolate in the ear swabs, and this bacteria is multidrugs resistance (MDR). Additionally, the most efficient antibiotic against P. aeruginosa isolates responsible for otitis media was Amikacin.
Altered 16S rRNA gene size in Agrobacterium tumefaciens at IC50 of heavy metals
Get PDFAgrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil-endemic bacterial species that causes crown galls disease on a range of medicinal and economically important plants. In this study, the diagnosis of this bacterium was confirmed by its formation of crown galls on the discs of carot. And when treated in a laboratory with eight different heavy metals (Mo, Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, and Pb), and with ten concentrations (40, 20, 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.312, 0.156, 0.078 mM/ Metal), it was found to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of these bacteria by microtiter plate method, especially when the concentration was increased. The size of the 16S rRNA gene in bacteria resistant to these metals varied at the half inhibitory concentration IC50 from the comparison sample with volume values of about 1500, 1000, 1000, 1500, 1500 , 1500, 1500, 1500, and 1000 base pairs, respectively
Exploring Breast Cancer Awareness Levels among Female University Student in Mosul
Get PDFBackground: Breast Cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developed as well as developing Nations and it play a very important role in the global disease burden. Objective: The aims of this study are to assess the knowledge regarding breast cancer among female students at the university of Mosul. Methods: The participants in this cross-sectional study were 230 college students from the University of Mosul. The research started from (1st of October 2022 to the 1st January2023). Results: In the age (22 – 25) year revealed the highest percentage of study sample was 47.09%, And 227(87.3%) urban residency, single (83.5). The internet was primary sources of information in (30%). All participants reported nipple discharge as a symptom (100%). Conclusion: This study find that the study sample had adequate information on several aspects of breast cancer except low Knowledge about risk Factors
Estimation of GOT, GPT and ALP in type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Get PDFBackground: In comparison to the broader public, Patients with diabetes are more likely to have elevated liver enzymes.Alcoholic hepatosteatosis that is not caused by alcohol is frequently seen in this syndrome.
Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study in the Kirkuk governorate of Iraq, 25 patients who are type 1 diabetes and 26 healthy individuals served as the control group. Both groups completed questionnaires that asked about their age, weight, body mass index (BMI), and checked their liver enzymes GOT, GPT, and ALT.
Results: The study discovered that 19 patients, or 76%, fell within the normal range (BMI 25), whereas 5 patients, or 20%, were overweight, and 1 patient, or 4%, was obese. The study also found no association between GPT and gender, but a strong substantial correlation between GOT and gender While there is no association between diabetes patients' gender and GPT. Additionally, this study demonstrated a high significant (P? 0.001) rise in ALP value (72.05±7.74) IU/L versus (62.4±7.38) IU/L for the control group, but a significant (P ? 0.05) rise in GOT (24.25±4.13) IU/L so GPT (31.8±6.1) IU/L values for patients compared with the control group(21.3±4.95 and 26.7±7.28 IU/L respectively).
Conclusion: The type 1 diabetic patients could be at danger for CVD due to possible obesity. GOT, GPT, and ALP values were elevated in the sick set than in healthy group. Male patients had higher GOT and GPT enzyme levels than female patients
A comparative study on the performance of Gray Wolves Optimization and Multi-Free Dynamic Schema
Get PDFThe most difficult step is to create new optimization algorithms and examine them using test functions. In this work, we present a comparison study on the performance of Gray Wolves Optimization (GWO) and Multi-free dynamic schema (MFDS) algorithms. The (MFDS) algorithm is a sophisticated optimization method created for solving optimization problems. It contains different operators (dynamic schema operator, dissimilarity operator, similarity operator and free dynamic schema operator). Where, The (GWO) is a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm inspired by the social behavior of grey wolves in a pack. This study focused on the run time and the number of iterations to reach the optimal solutions. The sample of this comparison was on ten functions. The results showed the superiority of an algorithm (MFDS) on (GWO) algorithm in most test functions, especially at the run time. The performance of any single-objective optimization algorithm is a tool to measures the effectiveness of any algorithm for determining out the best solution for a specific problem
Synthesis of New polymers of Triazole Derivatives
Get PDFThiatriazole is an important monomer, whereby it have two types of functional groups, amine and thiol. Within the frame of this work the triazole monomer have been prepared from its oxadiazole. Two type of polymers were prepared from this monomer via condensation with terephthaldehyde and succinyl chloride, whereby the binding units of the resulted polymers are differs, azomethine and amide respectively. Infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis were used to identified the polymers. DTA, TGA and DSC analysis indicate the thermal history of the polymers. It was shown that polymer (1) was more flexibility than polymer (2) due to the lower Tg value due to the presence of azomethene group. The Tg are (138oC) and (190oC) respectively. Also the DTA, TGA indicates that polymer (2) have high thermal stability than polymer 1 due the presence of the amide group
Rapid diagnosis of the most common causes of abortion in Awassi ewes in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq
Get PDFThe study aimed to determine the rates of infection with the most common causes of abortion by Rapid methods of diagnosis, and abortion rates in the governorate’s areas. Rapid methods of diagnosis are important to help the veterinarian in diagnosing abortions in order to reduce the economic loss of sheep by taking the appropriate decision and treatment within a short time. This study was conducted on 92 samples (46 vaginal swabs, 46 blood) representing 60 flocks, the study was conducted from August 2022 to January 2023. The following tests were used, FASTest CHLAM Ag rapid screening test for Chlamydia, Rose Bengal Agglutination Test for Brucella, and Latex agglutination test for Toxoplasma. Results indicate that 13/46 positive samples were 28.26% for chlamydia, 29/46 positive samples 63.04% for Brucella, and 17/46 positive samples 36.95% for toxoplasma. It has been concluded that with a high infection rate of Chlamydia abortus in ewes in Nineveh, the rapid test was ideal for the diagnosis of Chlamydia. A high infection rate of Chlamydia in the center and northern areas of Nineveh