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The Effect of Electronic word of Mouth in Enhancing purchasing behavior: A Survey of Students at the University of Mosul.
Get PDF ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? (?????? ?? ????) ??? ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ? (??????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????????)? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? (??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????). ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????. ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????(AMOS. V. (24)& SPSS.V.25) ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????.The current research aims to study the effect of electronic spoken word in enhancing purchasing behavior among students at the University of Mosul, as electronic spoken word represents one of the most interactive and widespread means of communication, and therefore it is expected to have an effective effect (positive or negative) on the purchasing behavior of individuals. In order to achieve this goal, the research model was designed, starting to confront competitive changes and challenges, as the independent variable represented by the electronic spoken word represented by (credibility of information, quality of information, usefulness of information, attitude toward information), and the dependent variable represented by purchasing behavior, which is (attitudes toward purchasing via Internet, beliefs underlying the buying situation, expected risks, personal standards). The research relied on the descriptive analytical method, and the questionnaire form was designed based on previous studies as a tool for collecting data. Two hypotheses emerged from the research model, and the data were analyzed using SPSS.V.25 & AMOS.V. (24) to describe the study variables and test its hypotheses using the confirmatory factor analysis method. The statistical results showed that there is a significant influence relationship between the electronic spoken word and And purchasing behavior was in the positive direction with the emergence of a discrepancy between the dimensions and between the variables within one dimension. The researcher suggested that the individuals in the research sample should attract current or potential individuals if they were able to provide services of distinguished quality and specifications, as individuals could share their experience via... The Internet in a way that allows them to obtain services that may satisfy their renewed needs and desires.
The Prevalence of Quiet Quitting at University of MosulAn Exploratory Study of The Opinions of a Sample of Employees at University of Mosul.
Get PDF??? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????.
???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? (353) ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????.Quiet Quitting is considered as one of the most prominent contemporary issues that represents a challenge to business organizations globally in the fields of human resources management and organizational behavior as well as on the level of organization leadership, as it constitutes one of the negative behaviors among employees. Accordingly, the research aimed to measure the level of Quiet Quitting among employees at University of Mosul; by using the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data; and by adopting the quantitative analytical approach. The research field was University of Mosul, and the university employees represented the research community, while the sample included (353) employees of University of Mosul; and by analyzing the data, the two researchers reached a set of results, the most prominent of which was the presence of Quiet Quitting among employees in the researched field
The Role of Cloud Computing in Improving Production Costs and the Speed of Financial Reports: A Case Study of Iraq Steel Karbala
Get PDFThe study aims to study the impact of cloud computing on production costs and the speed of financial reporting, by analyzing its role in reducing operational costs and improving financial and administrative performance of organizations. It also seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of this technology in enhancing the accuracy of financial data, supporting strategic decision-making, and achieving cybersecurity, in addition to exploring its flexibility in enabling organizations to adapt to economic and market changes.the study problem is what is the role of cloud computing in improving production costs and the speed of preparing financial reports, and what is the extent of its impact on the efficiency of financial operations within the organization.the study demonstrated that cloud computing helps organizations reduce expenses related to information technology infrastructure. the study also demonstrated that the use of cloud computing enables organizations to prepare financial reports more accurately and in less time. the study concluded that the use of cloud computing helped reduce operational costs by reducing the need to maintain traditional infrastructure and improving energy efficiency. It also helped achieve operational stability, reducing the impact of technical outages on production, and enabled the organization to prepare reports more accurately and in less time
Public Debt in Light of Some Macroeconomic Variables: An Econometric Study of a Group of Highly Indebted Countries
Get PDF???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? (2000-2025) ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? (FMOLS) ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????. ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (5.735%)? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????. ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????????.The study aims to measure the impact of some macroeconomic variables on public debt during the period (2000-2025) for a selected group of highly indebted African countries, whether these debts are internal or external, using the Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS). The study reached a set of results, the most important of which is the existence of an inverse and significant relationship for the net public budget, the net balance of payments, economic growth, total investment, and foreign direct investment in the total public debt. The results also showed a direct and significant relationship for both the inflation rate and the unemployment rate in the total public debt. It is noted that the unemployment rate variable had the greatest impact on public debt in African economies compared to the rest of the model variables, at a rate of (5.735%). A high unemployment rate reduces the country’s tax revenues and in return increases social expenditures, which leads to a chronic deficit in the country’s general budget and thus requires financing it through public debt. Finally, the research came up with practical conclusions and recommendations that contribute to improving economic policies and reducing dependence on debt
Analysis of Information Resource Supply Policies in Northern Technical University Libraries in Nineveh Governorate: A Case Study
Get PDF ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????. ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????. ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????. ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????. ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????????. ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????.This study aims to explore the acquisition policies implemented in the libraries of the Northern Technical University, alongside reviewing the services these libraries offer to their patrons. The study adopts a descriptive survey approach to analyze the current state of the university’s libraries in Nineveh Governorate. A sample was carefully selected to include seven libraries representing diverse fields, such as medical, scientific, and humanities libraries. Data collection tools, including interviews with librarians, were used to determine the acquisition policies in practice. The findings revealed that most libraries at the Northern Technical University in Nineveh Governorate lack a clear, documented, and approved acquisition policy. Instead, most practices rely on individual initiatives by library staff. Among several recommendations, the study highlighted the need for branch libraries at the Northern Technical University in Nineveh Governorate to adopt a clear, documented, and approved acquisition policy based on library standards and regulations set by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
Three Decades of Individual Capabilities of Strategic Leaders: "A Theoretical-Analytical Review"
Get PDF???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? 1990 ?????? ????? 2022 ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????: ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????: "?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????"? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????.The research aims to review the types of individual capabilities of the strategic leader by reviewing the views of researchers announced in books and research, in addition to university theses and dissertations, as well as scientific conferences, all presented over three decades starting from 1990 until 2022, which produced twenty-nine individual capabilities of the strategic leader, then analyzing the content that they came with from a theoretical perspective to determine the official identity of these capabilities that the strategic leader must possess during the twenty-first century. The theoretical review resulted in identifying the research problem represented by the absence of agreement among most researchers according to their proposed views on the nature of the types of individual capabilities that the strategic leader must possess. Accordingly, the research problem was raised in light of the following question: Are the individual capabilities of the strategic leader that researchers have addressed during the last three decades an expression of these capabilities? To address the research problem, the research adopted the following hypothesis: “The individual capabilities of the strategic leader vary according to the opinions of researchers over the past three decades.” From here, the researchers resorted to adopting the content analysis method to describe the content of those opinions presented over time. The research concluded with a set of data, foremost of which was the variation and absence of agreement among researchers regarding the individual capabilities of the strategic leader, in addition to indicating some other data that could answer the research problem.
The effect of the 2nd path movement on the encoding of English letters in the framework of the Partition Theory
Get PDFWith the increase interest in unconventional encoding methods, the need to study models that employ the kinematic dimension in letter formation. Partition Theoryis one effective tool for representing letters within organized geometric structures. Among these models, the concept of "Path Two" stands out as a new approach to rethinking how letters are building visually and kinetically. This research aims to explore the effect of second-path motion on the encoding of English letters within the framework of partition theory. In this research, we will depend on a word consisting of two English letters, and the movement of the second path will be up to nine movements only, without the need to complete it to the end of the path because the movement will be similar to other movement but in the opposite direction. Each movement has its own rule. The movement of the second path of the two-letter word will make the word more ambiguous and difficult to read. and so, this research looks forward to contribute to the use of the second path in obfuscating the optical encoding of letters, which leads to giving the system an additional level of visual security or perceptual camouflage in coding systems
Some Results on W-regular Rings
Get PDFVon Neumann regular rings, introduced in 1936, form a cornerstone of abstract algebra and were later extended to weakly regular rings. This work considers another extension, the W-regular rings defined by Wei [6], and explores their properties and distinctions from related notions.The present paper looks into the characterizations of a few fundamental qualities of W-regular rings. We prove that if is a W-regular ring and for all, then H is a W-regular. If is an NI-ring and be a regular ring, then be a W-regular ring if is n-regular. A ring is a W-regular ring if and only if is a direct summand for all. If is a ring with every right simple singular H-module is np-injective, is semiprime ring and an N-duo, then is a W-regular
The Effect Of Adding Some Plants To The Feed On The Productive Performance And Some Qualitative Characteristics Of Laying Hen eggs
Get PDFThis study aims to try to improve the production and quality of laying hens' eggs in the late stages of their productive life by adding some herbal plants to the fodder. 288 laying hens at 64 weeks old were used and it was distributed into four treatments, with three replicates for each treatment, and each replicate had 24 laying hens. The first treatment was a control free of the addition, The second treatment included adding 1% of rosemary, the third treatment included adding 2% of thyme, and the fourth treatment adding 1% of garlic. The statistical analysis results showed that there was a significant superiority of the rosemary treatment in the average egg weight, while the thyme addition treatment was superior in the average egg mass, feed conversion factor, and egg production percentage. The additives also led to an increase in feed consumption compared to the control treatmen
Effectiveness of Non-Kinetic Approaches to ConflictResolution between Farmers and Pastoralists in KogiState, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study determined effectiveness of non-kinetic approaches to conflict resolution between farmers and pastoralists in Kogi State, Nigeria. Three-stage sampling technique was used to select one hundred and thirty-two farmers (132), and snowball sampling technique was used to select thirty-one (31) pastoralists. Data collected were analysed using percentages, mean, and logit regression. Findings showed that traditional heads (88.9%),negotiation (78.5%), and open communication (69.9%) were the most approaches for conflict resolution. Traditional heads (X? =2.44), training on conflict resolution (X? =2.25), and capacity building (X? =2.44) were the most effective non-kinetic approaches to conflict resolution. Educational level (0.15), extension (2.86), training (1.14), frequency of conflict (0.26), and number of persons a household lost to conflict (0.37) influenced the effectiveness of non-kinetic approaches in conflict resolution. Religious tolerance should be promoted by religious heads in the study area. Also, experienced and well-informed personnel should be included in conflict resolution committe