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A Comparative Study on the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater with Adsorption Technique by Red Mud-Chitosan Composite: A Review
Get PDFThe problem of water pollution persists to this day. To reduce water pollution, which includes water produced from industrial units and wastewater, it had to be treated using several methods. This review focused on the use of adsorption technology, considered the most common method due to its ease of design and efficiency in removing pollutants. Recently, studies have shown that modifying red mud with chitosan can produce a new composite, RM/CS, as its efficiency in removing pollutants is good. This review summarizes the presentation. Studies conducted on the adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using the RM/CS component, comparing the maximum adsorption capacity qmax and removal with red mud activated by acidic or heat treatment, or both, in addition to comparing it with the removal efficiency mediated by chitosan alone, studying the effect of the PH and adsorption time, and applying the Langmuir and Freundlich of the reaction isotherm to evaluate the efficiency of red mud modified with chitosan
Microscopical and Molecular investigation of Caprine Theileriosis: in Mosul and Erbil provinces -Iraq
Get PDFThis study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Theileria uilenbergi and Theileria luwenshuni in goats (Caprine Theileriosis) based on thin and thick Giemsa-stained blood smears and PCR techniques, with a total number of 150 goats (n=150) (in Mosul and Erbil province, between Oct. 2023, and March 2024). The total infection rates were 21.3 % (32 / 150) and 52.6 % (79 /150) for Theileria uilenbergi and Theileria luwenshuni, respectively. Clinical signs in infected goats includes enlarged of superficial prescapular lymph node, loss appetite, pyrexia, lameness, salivation, nasal discharge and lacrimation, dullness, pale yellowish and congested mucus membrane, loss of wight, cough, increased respiratory rate, abortion and rough hairy skin with tick infestations. There was no significant difference in infection rates between female (14%) and male (7.3%) goats, indicating that gender was not a major risk factor. Goats aged 1 to 5 years had a higher infection rate (11.3%) compared to other age groups. Imported goats exhibited the highest infection rate (10.6%), followed by imported Black goats (6%) and Merzi goats (4.7%). PCR analysis using 'catch-all' primers detected a 1098 bp band, confirming Theileria spp. infection. Specific primers for T. uilenbergi and T. luwenshuni detected bands at 878 bp and 812 bp, respectively, confirming the presence of both T. uilenbergi and T. luwenshuni. All goats that tested positive through microscopic examination were also confirmed positive by PCR. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive assessment of the prevalence of Theileria uilenbergi and Theileria luwenshuni in goats from the Mosul and Erbil provinces, utilizing both Giemsa-stained blood smears and PCR techniques. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and further research to manage and control caprine theileriosis in the region
Effect of biofertilization on some nutrients availability and pH of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) Camarosa cultivar soil.
Get PDF The study was conducted from 1/10/2023 to 1/5/2024 on strawberry Camarosa cv seedlings . planted in one of the plastic houses belonging to Horticulture and Landscape Design Dep. / Agriculture and Forestry college / mosul University aim of determining the effect of adding Bio fertilizers, namely Azotobacter, which were added at three levels (0, 2 and 4 g plant-1), and Azospirillum at three levels as well (0, 2and 4 g plant-1), and two levels of mycorrhizal fungi (0 and5 g plant-1). All fertilizers from bacteria and fungi were added at once and distributed randomly. The experment was executed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and 8 plants per experimental unit. The results were statistically analyzed according to the design used, and the means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test at a probability level of 0.05. The results confirmed that adding Azotobacter, Azospirillum at levels of 4 g plant -1 for each, and mycorrhizal fungi at level of 5g plant-1 individually, as well as their triple interaction, significantly increased available concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil ,meanwile soil pH unsignificantly effected with the application of bio-fertilizers
Serological detection of Feline herpes virus 1 antibodies in cats in Mosul city
Get PDFThe study its included 200 cats of different ages, genders, types of breeding, source, vaccination programs, as well as the health status. They were examined traditionally and clinically and recorded clinical signs appearing on them, and then blood samples were collected from cephalic vein. It was later transferred as soon as possible to the Microbiology Laboratory to the purpose of investigating to specific the antibodies the feline herpes virus in the blood collected from cats, an indirect ELISA test was used. The results of the clinical examination in the animals that were examined during the study showed the presence of clinical signs of varying intensity and type, as represented by the presence of secretions from the eyes with conjunctivitis, nasal secretions, abortion in pregnant females, ulcers of different sizes in the tongue and gums, in addition to that some animals were apparently healthy. The results of the serological study showed the presence of a number of positive samples of feline herpes virus of 118 cats out of a total of 200. The highest positive percentage was in the ages less than six months. In cats that suffer from ulcers in the mouth and in cats that are indoors management, in addition to the presence of a high percentage of positive samples with feline herpesvirus in imported cats compared to for local ones. It was also found through the serological study using the indirect ELISA test and the presence of the highest number of positive samples in the vaccinated cats
Enhancement for heat pipe using different configurations: Review study
Get PDFThe majority of the energy utilized in systems is transformed into heat energy, making the world's constantly rising rate of energy consumption one of the most significant challenges of our day. Heat pipe heat exchangers, or HPHEs, are used in many different fields, such as air conditioning, electronics, aerospace, and aircraft. With the inclusion of HPHE, this article seeks to physically modify the HVAC system of the all rooms in order to enhance its dehumidification capabilities, which are used to remove contaminated air. The overall goal of the study was to increase people's comprehension of heat pipes through the collection and organization of readily available data in a range of formats across the material spectrum, its presentation in an orderly fashion ranging from rudimentary to sophisticated understanding of heat pipes, and the provision of further information regarding the quality of considerations made in the design and construction of heat pipes as well as the examination of the effects of altering heat pipe parameters on performance. This paper covers the research that has been done on heat pipes in terms of design and analysis HPHE succeeded in reducing the energy consumed by the precooling and reheating processes of the HVAC system, enhancing its dehumidification capability
Enhancement of Convective Flow and Heat Transfer Using Nanofluids: A Critical Review
Get PDFNanofluids are an innovative class of materials that have been recently developed due to their superior ability to improve thermal performance in industrial applications. It is prepared by dispersing metal particles and metal oxides in the base liquid to ensure proper distribution. Thermal conductivity is a key criterion in developing thermal energy transmission fluids. A literature reviesw was conducted to study the types of nanoparticles used at different concentrations and to review the stability evaluation of nanofluids. Researchers have also suggested adding surfactants such as Colace (docusate sodium), trisodium citrate dihydrate (TSC), and sodium lauryl sulfonate (SLS) to increase stability. The effect of physical and thermal properties was analyzed and the impact of different particle shapes was investigated, where spherical and cylindrical shapes were used because they provide a better heat transfer rate than other shapes. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the concentration of solid nanoparticles, thermal conductivity, and Nusselt number.
The Impact of Operations Strategies in Sustainable Competitive Advantage For A Sample of Organizations Operating in The Private Sector - Iraq / Basra
Get PDFObjective: The research aims to Knowing the nature of the linkage and influence relationship between operations strategy and sustainable competitive advantage in the fields of water, metal processing, beverages, wood, furniture, and detergents can achieve sustainable competitive advantage by integrating specific resources and capabilities. Design/Research Method: Most of the preparation of this research is based on resource based theory and competitive advantage theory. The research relied on the analytical descriptive research method. The target organizations in the Research were 10 licensed organizations operating in different fields in Basra Governorate. The random sampling method was adopted to avoid bias to represent the community, as 100 questionnaires were distributed and 90 questionnaires were retrieved ready for analysis. Finding: Organizations included in the research, it is necessary for these organizations to achieve compatibility between the strategies of their different operations and strategies of investors. Limitation: The main limitation of the research is that it did not consider how much capital should be allocated to certain business activities, how much shareholder value should be created, and how to attract new groups of investors. Implication: Based on the results of the research, the two researchers recommend that organizations should conduct tests on the environment in which organizations operate in order to come up with operational strategies that cannot be imitated and can contribute to enhancing their sustainable competitive advantage .
Basic requirements for designing the accounting information system in Iraqi public universities(Analytical study)
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The research aims to determine what are the requirements that should be taken into account when designing the accounting information system, and to indicate the nature and characteristics of the accounting information system in public universities and to know the impact of the characteristics and nature of the accounting information system on the requirements of its design, and the nature and characteristics of public universities and the type of activities in them have been reviewed, and it was concluded that the characteristics of public universities and the diversity of their sources of funding and the different needs of users of financial statements affect the design of the accounting information system, and that the use of information technology in the design process will increase the efficiency of and its effectiveness.
Several recommendations were reached, the most important of which is to keep pace with the rapid technical developments in the accounting information systems environment, and that there is great importance for the use of information technology in the design of the accounting information system, as well as the need to pay attention to the development of the accounting information system at the university on an ongoing basis and the involvement of accountants in its development and correction.
Estimating the optimal quantities of feed profit-maximizing for lambs fattening fields in Nineveh Governorate for the production year 2023 (The Northern Plain as a model)
Get PDFThe research aims to measure the effectiveness of the technical and cost-effective economic performance of the owners of lamb breeding and fattening fields in Nineveh Governorate for the production year 2023-2024 by measuring the economic efficiency and its components using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method, and through it measuring and estimating the surplus and deficit in the amount of feed resources consumed, based on the production function represented by the daily weight gain rate and then the total weight gain in those fields. The research results showed that the technical efficiency reached 95%, the allocative efficiency reached about 75%, and the economic efficiency reached 69%, and that there is a waste in the use of resources by 5%, and that there is a surplus in the use of feed resources, which means that there is a waste in the use of feed resources. Hence, we conclude that there is a gap between technical efficiency and allocative efficiency of about 5%, which may be attributed to the high prices of feed resources, which leads to the lack of optimal use of resources and that there is waste in the use of these resources. The research concluded the necessity of setting a pricing policy for all types of feed and setting a price ceiling that serves its profits and provides them between production seasons and neutralizing black market traders in providing it and establishing feed factories for Ruminant
Analytical Field Study of Poultry Production and Marketing in Nineveh Governorate 2024: Perspectives of Farmers, Owners, and Consumers
No full textMost agricultural activities in Iraq, including the poultry sector, face multiple challenges due to the economic, political, and security circumstances the country has experienced over the past decades. The poultry sector is a vital sector that contributes to achieving food security, providing job opportunities, and reducing reliance on foreign imports, especially in Nineveh Governorate, which has a suitable environment for poultry production, including land, climate, and high local demand. This study stems from the urgent need to analyze the reality of the poultry sector in Nineveh Governorate, highlighting the marketing strategies employed and the efficiency of production, with the aim of diagnosing the problems facing the sector and identifying possible opportunities for its development, contributing to improving economic performance and achieving sustainable agricultural development