Afe Babalola University Based Journals
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Elevating Tanzania's Tourism: Integrating GIS, AR and AI for Immersive Exploration and Promotion
Get PDFThis study presents a comprehensive examination of the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in tourism promotion in Tanzania. The literature review underscores the significance of these technologies in enhancing visitor experiences, destination management, and marketing strategies. The proposed integrated system design combines GIS's spatial mapping capabilities, AI's personalised recommendations, and AR's immersive content delivery to optimise tourist satisfaction and engagement. Key components include the GIS module for spatial data management, the AI recommendation engine for personalised suggestions, and the AR interface for immersive content overlay. Discussions highlight how the proposed system, by addressing critical challenges in the tourism sector, aligns with existing research findings and reassures its effectiveness. Ultimately, the study emphasises the potential of GIS, AR and AI technologies to revolutionise tourism promotion in Tanzania, fostering sustainable growth and cultural appreciation while enhancing visitor experiences
Drying Process of Senna alata Medicinal Leave: Comparative Empirical and Artificial Neural Networks Modelling of Mass Transfer Kinetics with Energy Analysis
No full textThis study investigated the microwave drying of Senna alata leaves (SAL) for sustainable utilization. The effect of SAL form (un-chopped and chopped) and microwave power (200, 400 and 600 W) on the drying characteristics and energy utilization with comparative semi-empirical and artificial neural network (ANN) modelling was investigated. SAL was dried at the selected drying factors (leaf form and microwave power); and moisture transport characteristics including moisture content, moisture ratio, effective moisture diffusivity, activation energy, energy consumption, specific energy consumption and energy efficiency were determined gravimetrically and empirically. In addition, models were utilized to represent the experimental observations and compared statistically. Results showed that un-chopped SAL had a drying time of 10, 8.87, 7.34 s while chopped SAL had a drying time of 8.34, 5.45, 3.5 s at 200, 400 and 600 W, respectively. The effective moisture diffusivity of un-chopped and chopped SAL ranged between 1.40e-6 - 1.94e-6 m2/s and 1.99e-6 – 3.79e-6 m2/s at 200, 400 and 600 W, respectively; while activation energy was 1.79 and 3.64 W/g, respectively. The un-chopped SAL has energy efficiency of 47.38, 26.71 and 21.52% while chopped SAL has energy efficiency of 56.47, 43.49 and 45.14 KJ/kWs at 200, 400 and 600 W. The range of coefficient of determination (R2) of empirical models was 0.9963 – 0.9994 while R2 value of ANN model was 0.9996. It was generally observed that the form of SAL and selected microwave power affected the drying and energy indicators, where size alteration (chopping) and increment in microwave power reduced the drying time and improved the energy indicators. The semi-empirical and ANN models performed well in representing the drying process with ANN having a marginal edge. These results are useful in conservation of SAL, control and commercialization of the microwave drying process
Impact of Mixture Ratio on Bio-Composite Material from Bamboo and Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)
Get PDFThe study investigated the impact of mixture ratio on various physico-chemical and mechanical properties of a bio-composite material made from bamboo and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The bamboo and recycled PET bottles were sourced from Adeleke University, Ede research farm and waste buckets in male hostels of the same university, respectively. The weight percentages (wt%) of bamboo and PET powder were adjusted as follow: 60 wt% bamboo and 40 wt% PET, 65 wt% bamboo and 35 wt% PET, 70 wt% bamboo and 30 wt% PET, 75 wt% bamboo and 25 wt% PET, and 80 wt% bamboo and 20 wt% PET, respectively. The findings indicate that as the mixture ratio of the constituents varied, the composite samples exhibited a decrease in density (from 915.45 – 819.24 kg/m3), flammability (from 25.84 – 19.93 s), hardness (from 88.55 – 55.57 BHN), compressive strength (from 14.78 – 9.10 N/mm3), and wear resistance (from 0.0096 – 0.0011 cm/cm3). In contrast, the composite exhibited an increase in oil and water absorption rates ranging from 0.0010% to 0.0810% and from 0.0112% to 0.12%, respectively, as the mixture ratio varied. Furthermore, the ratio of the mixture does not impact the acidity or alkalinity of the resulting composite material. Hence, the mixture ratio that yields optimal attributes result in excellent performance, tailored to the specific requirements of industries such as automotive and aeronautics. Finally, the diverse combination of bamboo and PET powders provides a practical approach to creating efficient, environmentally-friendly bio-composite materials suitable for various industrial applications
Evaluation of the Performance of Modeled and Simulated Hybrid Heat Pump Drying Systems for Industrial Applications
Get PDFSystem configuration and design is one of the major factors that influence the performance of heat pump drying system. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and drying efficiency of two different configuration of hybrid heat pump drying system for heating process and drying of tomatoes slices at condensing temperature 15 ℃ and evaporating temperature 10 ℃ using calcium chloride-ethanol as adsorbate-adsorbent pair. The energetic coefficient of performance, and exergetic coefficient of performance and overall exergy efficiency of the system are 2.03, 15.6% and 17% respectively for simple adsorption-compression hybrid heat pump drying system while its specific moisture extraction rate is 0.234 kg/kWhr and specific energy consumption is 4.27 kg/kWhr. The energetic coefficient of performance, and exergetic coefficient of performance and overall exergy efficiency of the system are 2.18, 22.6% and 16% respectively for cascaded adsorption-compression hybrid heat pump drying system and its specific moisture extraction rate is 0.457 kg/kWhr and specific energy consumption is 3.17 kg/kWhr
Analysis of Macro Element Composition in Organic Manure Derived from Cow Dung, Sawdust, and Charcoal for Enhanced Productivity of Arable Crops and Vegetables
Get PDFThe increase in the cost of inorganic fertiliser and the danger it poses to the health of consumers when used to grow crops motivated the production of pelletised organic manure (OM) from fresh cowdung (CD), sawdust (SD), and charcoal (CH) at the demonstration farm of the Agricultural Technology Department, Federal Polytechnic, Ile Oluji. CD, SD, and CH were mixed based on weight ratios of 2:1:1 and 1:1:1, respectively, and allowed to decompose anaerobically for 21 days. OM produced was subjected to macro element presence and was discovered to be rich in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), which were the major elements needed for growing arable crops and vegetables. The percentage of the NPK slightly increased as the weight of the CD increased. NPK contents were 1.21%, 0.83%, and 1.12%, respectively, for the CD, SD, and CH ratios 2:1:1, while it was 0.81%, 0.6%, and 0.73% for ratios 1:1:1, respectively. The temperatures of the OM were 38 °C and 36 °C for the two ratios, respectively, and the pH was 8.8 and 8.4, respectively, at the end of the 21 days of decomposition. Based on this analysis, the OM produced is recommended for growing arable crops and vegetables. It will equally give the youths employment opportunities and assist the nation in converting waste into wealth
Evaluation and Improvement of Traffic Flow and Delay at Eko-Ende Intersection in Ikirun, Osun State, Nigeria
Get PDFThe rapid increase in traffic volume in Ikirun has led to rising congestion across the town’s road network. Stop delay, a significant indicator of intersection performance, is commonly used to assess the level of service (LOS) and capacity. This study investigated delays at the Eko-Ende intersection, a critical point in Ikirun’s traffic system that connects commercial hubs such as Ikirun Garage, Osogbo-Ilorin Road, Monday Market, and Alamisi Market. A geometric evaluation of the intersection showed approach widths of 7.2 m for Moshadek, 7.0 m for Kereje, 10.73 m for Sawmill, and 14.8 m for Nazeem. Traffic volume assessments revealed Sawmill as the busiest approach, with a weekly average peak-hour volume of 1,773 vehicles, followed by Moshadek and Kereje with 1,553 and 1,362, respectively, while Nazeem had the lowest volume at 876. The average peak-hour volume across the intersection was 5,566 vehicles. Delay studies indicated Sawmill had the highest delay (14.7 s), while Moshadek had the lowest (8.8 s), with an overall intersection LOS of B
Impact of Rice Husk Ash Bio-Pesticide Treatment on Germinability of Stored Maize Seeds Damaged by Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais)
Get PDFThe residual effects of chemical pesticides on stored maize pose significant hazards to human health. This concern led to an investigation into the impact of Rice Husk Ash (RHA), a natural bio-waste, as a biopesticide treatment on the germinability of maize damaged by Sitophilus zeamais (S. zeamais). The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Crop, Soil, and Pest Management in the Department of the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. Infested maize seeds were treated with three concentrations of RHA (1 g, 2 g, and 3 g) and germinated under controlled conditions. Data from the measured parameters for the germinability test were descriptively analysed using Microsoft Excel v.2013. The results showed a significant positive correlation between RHA concentration and the parameters measured for germinability. The highest mortality rate (83%) of S. zeamais was recorded at the 3 g RHA concentration, while the control treatment had the lowest mortality rate (7%). The highest germination percentage (98%) and rate (14%) of the treated maize were observed at the highest concentration of RHA (3 g), whereas the control recorded the lowest values of 46% and 7% for these parameters, respectively. Analysis of variance at a p-value ≤ 0.05 revealed that RHA treatment significantly enhanced the germinability of stored maize. Therefore, RHA is recommended for use due to its cost-effectiveness and eco-friendly properties as a seed treatment against S. zeamais
THE INVISIBLE PLAYERS: EXAMINING GENDER DYNAMICS IN ARMED CONFLICT IN NIGERIA
No full textThis paper explored the gender role dynamics in armed conflicts in Nigeria, with a focus on the roles women play in the Boko Haram insurgency. Contrary to the conventional view that women are merely victims of conflict, this study reveals that they are active participants, engaged in various roles such as logistics, intelligence gathering, and direct combat. Through quantitative analysis, it is evident that women’s involvement is influenced by a combination of economic necessity, ideological commitment, and coercion. The findings show significant regional differences, with women in the Northeast more involved in combat and intelligence roles, while those in the Northwest are primarily engaged in logistical support and smuggling. The study also highlights the profound challenges these women face during post-conflict reintegration, including stigma, economic hardship, and mental health issues. The paper argues that addressing these challenges requires targeted reintegration programmes, stigma reduction campaigns, and gender-sensitive legal and security frameworks. Additionally, the study challenges the notion that crime is gender-specific, demonstrating that both men and women play complementary roles in sustaining armed conflicts. The paper concludes with recommendations for community-based reintegration initiatives, mental health support, and further research to deepen our understanding of the evolving roles of women in armed conflicts
IMPACT OF GENDER ON STUDENTS’ INTEREST AND ACHIEVEMENT IN BIOLOGY IN TECHNOLOGY ENHANCED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Get PDFThe study examined the impact of gender on students' interest and achievement in biology in a technology-enhanced learning environment (TELE). Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The study employed a quasi- experimental research design. The population of the study consisted of 191 first- year students (43 males, 148 females) of Biology Education in five federal universities in Southeast Nigeria. The sample consisted of 172 first-year students (38 males, 134 females) from three federal universities in the population of the study. Intact classes were used for the study. The treatment and test instruments were an Instructional Computer Animation Package, a Biology Achievement Test (BAT), and a Biology Interest Scale (BIS). The instruments were validated and trial- tested. Reliability coefficients of 0.8 and 0.70 were established for BAT and BIS respectively. Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The result revealed that TELE had a significant positive effect on both male and female students' interest and achievement in biology. However, male students had statistically higher interest than female students while female students had higher achievement mean scores than male students. The difference was not statistically significant. Based on the findings, it was recommended that TELE be adopted by lecturers in teaching abstract and complex processes in biology. The researchers recommended that further research work be carried out on the effectiveness of TELE on undergraduate students' interest and achievement in other complex science processes
Influence of Socioeconomic Status of Parents on the Scholastic Achievement of Mathematics Students in Selected Secondary Schools within Ado LGA of Ekiti State
Get PDFThe investigation explored the influence of socioeconomic status of parents regarding the academic successes of math students in chosen secondary schools located in the Ado LGAof Ekiti State. The study encompassed both public and private educational institutions, employing a straightforward random sampling technique to select five secondary schools and sixty students. Information was gathered via a self-designed questionnaire with distinct sections A and B, concentrating on demographic details and parental elements such as education level, family background, income, and occupational status in relation to students' performance in Mathematics. The instrument underwent face and content validity procedures, and the results were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient, yielding a value of 0.85. Hypotheses were evaluated through Chi-square analysis, and data were presented using pie charts and tables. The outcomes unveiled a significant influence of parent’ educational background, family background, occupation, and income level on the academic success of mathematics students. The researcher recommends the implementation of financial assistance programs for families with lower incomes to ensure equitable access to quality mathematics resources. Moreover, schools are encouraged to establish initiatives and parental engagement programs, fostering an inclusive and equitable learning environment. The study advocates for policy changes to promote fairness in mathematics education for students from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds