Slavia Occidentalis
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KSZTAŁTOWANIE SIĘ POJĘĆ „DIALEKTYZM” I „REGIONALIZM” W DEFINICJACH ENCYKLOPEDYCZNYCH I SŁOWNIKOWYCH
Full text linkThe goal of this article is to trace the evolution of understanding two basic concepts in linguistics, namely “dialectism” and “regionalism” with Polish dictionaries and encyclopaedias as the source materials. Excerpts from both general and highly specialised texts have been made. The presented material shows that the definitions of the analysed concepts may vary significantly from one Polish dictionary or encyclopaedia to another. It seems that neither of the definitions exhausts the issue therefore a researcher in charge of territorial differences, in a diachronic and synchronic perspective alike, will have to re-define each time the characterised concepts by means of adjusting their meaning-related scope to his or her own research needs.The goal of this article is to trace the evolution of understanding two basic concepts in linguistics, namely “dialectism” and “regionalism” with Polish dictionaries and encyclopaedias as the source materials. Excerpts from both general and highly specialised texts have been made. The presented material shows that the definitions of the analysed concepts may vary significantly from one Polish dictionary or encyclopaedia to another. It seems that neither of the definitions exhausts the issue therefore a researcher in charge of territorial differences, in a diachronic and synchronic perspective alike, will have to re-define each time the characterised concepts by means of adjusting their meaning-related scope to his or her own research needs
SEPTEM VERBA A CHRISTO W STAROPOLSKICH APOKRYFACH NOWOTESTAMENTALNYCH W PERSPEKTYWIE ŹRÓDŁOZNAWCZEJ I LINGWISTYCZNEJ. CZĘŚĆ DRUGA: JĘZYKOWE UKSZTAŁTOWANIE
Full text linkThis article is the second and the last part of a series dedicated to the characteristics of a description of Christ’s seven words uttered on the cross as accounted in Old Polish biblical and apocryphal narrations. In part one, I focus on the origin of the words, the characteristics of Old Polish texts containing them. I highlight the most important differences in the narration of the specific fragments of Old Polish Passions of Jesus. Part two is entirely dedicated to the language of the fragments of Old Polish texts on Christ’s seven words uttered on the cross (ŻPJK, SCh and RD). First, I present the enumeration schemes in each apocrypha. They are strictly related to the tradition of religious instruction and teaching and are an attempt at sorting out the material. The article presents also the various ways in which Christ’s specific words are called. The regular word-forming structure of the modifiers affects the rhythmic form of the specific fragments of texts. Finally, I show how quotations from Christ were introduced into each apocrypha: how the utterances’ modal frame was shaped and what verbs of speech were used. It turns out that in each historic text, Christ’s words were treated differently: in the SCh, they were described most extensively and in the RD – least extensively but it is the RD where the enumerations are most precise with respect to the syntax, perhaps because the specific parts are at the smallest distance from each other. Christ’s seven words on the cross are least structured in the ŻPJK.This article is the second and the last part of a series dedicated to the characteristics of a description of Christ’s seven words uttered on the cross as accounted in Old Polish biblical and apocryphal narrations. In part one, I focus on the origin of the words, the characteristics of Old Polish texts containing them. I highlight the most important differences in the narration of the specific fragments of Old Polish Passions of Jesus. Part two is entirely dedicated to the language of the fragments of Old Polish texts on Christ’s seven words uttered on the cross (ŻPJK, SCh and RD). First, I present the enumeration schemes in each apocrypha. They are strictly related to the tradition of religious instruction and teaching and are an attempt at sorting out the material. The article presents also the various ways in which Christ’s specific words are called. The regular word-forming structure of the modifiers affects the rhythmic form of the specific fragments of texts. Finally, I show how quotations from Christ were introduced into each apocrypha: how the utterances’ modal frame was shaped and what verbs of speech were used. It turns out that in each historic text, Christ’s words were treated differently: in the SCh, they were described most extensively and in the RD – least extensively but it is the RD where the enumerations are most precise with respect to the syntax, perhaps because the specific parts are at the smallest distance from each other. Christ’s seven words on the cross are least structured in the ŻPJK
ASPECT AND PERFORMATIVITY IN SORBIAN
Full text linkIn all Upper and Lower Sorbian grammars, aspect is a grammatical category, regarded a typical “Slavic” traitin spite of the fact that since Bermel 1994, aspect can be safely said to have evolved separately in the individual Slavic languages. The character of aspect in Sorbian, especially in Upper Sorbian, is highly disputable (and has been disputed since the beginning of the 20th century (cf. Werner 2003). An exception to one of the rules of Slavic aspect (namely that something happening at the time of talking must be expressed by means of an imperfective verb) are the so-called perfomative verbs. This acceptance and the termAktverben go back to Koschmieder 1929 but have never been thoroughly verified for individual verbs in the Sorbian languages. In this paper, the author makes an attempt at shedding some light on the aspect usage of performative verbs in Upper Sorbian.In all Upper and Lower Sorbian grammars, aspect is a grammatical category, regarded a typical “Slavic” traitin spite of the fact that since Bermel 1994, aspect can be safely said to have evolved separately in the individual Slavic languages. The character of aspect in Sorbian, especially in Upper Sorbian, is highly disputable (and has been disputed since the beginning of the 20th century (cf. Werner 2003). An exception to one of the rules of Slavic aspect (namely that something happening at the time of talking must be expressed by means of an imperfective verb) are the so-called perfomative verbs. This acceptance and the termAktverben go back to Koschmieder 1929 but have never been thoroughly verified for individual verbs in the Sorbian languages. In this paper, the author makes an attempt at shedding some light on the aspect usage of performative verbs in Upper Sorbian
POLSKIE HODONIMY UPAMIĘTNIAJĄCE I WOJNĘ ŚWIATOWĄ
Full text linkWWI has been among the most important events in the history of Poland. After many years of submission, Poles regained the much coveted freedom and were able to establish an independent country. The question arises if this significant historical fact was reflected in the names of streets, alleys, squares or housing estates of Polish cities. The purpose of this article provides a response to the question. Another important issue is a definition ofthe types of names commemorating this significant historical event.WWI has been among the most important events in the history of Poland. After many years of submission, Poles regained the much coveted freedom and were able to establish an independent country. The question arises if this significant historical fact was reflected in the names of streets, alleys, squares or housing estates of Polish cities. The purpose of this article provides a response to the question. Another important issue is a definition ofthe types of names commemorating this significant historical event
ALTERNATIVE EXISTENCE OF ART IN “INTERNAL EMIGRATION” IN SLOVAK PART OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA IN YEARS 1977–1989
Full text linkThis paper presents a comparison of Slovak and Czech dissidents, the origin of the so-called “silent” dissent, alternative art in Slovakia in the years of normalization, mostly after 1977.This paper presents a comparison of Slovak and Czech dissidents, the origin of the so-called “silent” dissent, alternative art in Slovakia in the years of normalization, mostly after 1977
KOR I TEATR
Full text linkThe article is an attempt at characterizing the connections between KOR (the Workers’ Defense Committee, established by a group of Polish oppositionists in June 1976) and theatrical practice. Theatrical references are mentioned together with the prevailing literary –regerences in two areas: biographical (the founders of the movement were writers, poets, songwriters, and actors) and ideological. The biographical area also serves as an introduction to the other perspective which can be referred to as ideological. The theatre became a breeding ground for thoughts defying the communist reality. It was a meeting place for the broadly defined opposition, a cradle of ideas hostile to the system based on “workers and peasants” and the alliance with the Soviet Union. The resulting works included politicized performances of the classics as well as performances presented by alterative groups: Teatr Ósmego Dnia: Teatr 77, Jedynka, Provisorium and Teatr Stu. KOR’s activity from 1976 to the beginning of martial law introduced on 13 December 1981 clearly shows that the links between the revolutionary movement and the theater were an important feature of dissident activity and helped to reinforce and popularize its ideological values.The article is an attempt at characterizing the connections between KOR (the Workers’ Defense Committee, established by a group of Polish oppositionists in June 1976) and theatrical practice. Theatrical references are mentioned together with the prevailing literary –regerences in two areas: biographical (the founders of the movement were writers, poets, songwriters, and actors) and ideological. The biographical area also serves as an introduction to the other perspective which can be referred to as ideological. The theatre became a breeding ground for thoughts defying the communist reality. It was a meeting place for the broadly defined opposition, a cradle of ideas hostile to the system based on “workers and peasants” and the alliance with the Soviet Union. The resulting works included politicized performances of the classics as well as performances presented by alterative groups: Teatr Ósmego Dnia: Teatr 77, Jedynka, Provisorium and Teatr Stu. KOR’s activity from 1976 to the beginning of martial law introduced on 13 December 1981 clearly shows that the links between the revolutionary movement and the theater were an important feature of dissident activity and helped to reinforce and popularize its ideological values
VIOLETTA JAROS, STUDIA NAD JĘZYKIEM I STYLEM PISM NAUKOWYCH JOACHIMA LELEWELA. WYDAWNICTWO IM. STANISŁAWA PODOBIŃSKIEGO AKADEMII IM. JANA DŁUGOSZA W CZĘSTOCHOWIE, CZĘSTOCHOWA 2015, SS. 784
Full text linkK ETYMOLOGIJI PSŁ. *SLĚPЪ/SLEPЪ
Full text linkThis article explains the hitherto unexplained variation of the root *slep/slěp- ‘blind’ which results from an old opposition of the causative (lengthened grade) vs. regular root (regular grade). This indicates a connection with the Lithuanian silpnas as a zero-grade root for the Slavic word which previously had no convincing parallels in other languages. Semantically, a connection with words meaning ‘sticky’ (as postulated by Šewc 1978 and others) should be rejected: they are neither phonetically nor semantically convincing. The preference is for the interpretation of blindness as a special kind of weakness.This article explains the hitherto unexplained variation of the root *slep/slěp- ‘blind’ which results from an old opposition of the causative (lengthened grade) vs. regular root (regular grade). This indicates a connection with the Lithuanian silpnas as a zero-grade root for the Slavic word which previously had no convincing parallels in other languages. Semantically, a connection with words meaning ‘sticky’ (as postulated by Šewc 1978 and others) should be rejected: they are neither phonetically nor semantically convincing. The preference is for the interpretation of blindness as a special kind of weakness
