National University of Mongolia Scientific Journals
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DOES THE TRANSITION OF THE SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM HAVE AN IMPACT ON LABOR SUPPLY? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM MONGOLIA
No full textThis paper investigates whether the pension reform, specifically the shift from a DefinedBenefit (DB) scheme to a Notional Defined Contribution (NDC) scheme, affects laborsupply decisions in Mongolia, particularly before individuals approach retirement andbenefit claiming decisions. The Law on Individual Pension Insurance ContributionAccounts, introduced on June 10, 1999, mandated that all employees in the formal sectorborn after 1959 be covered by the NDC scheme.To examine this, I use a sharp regression discontinuity design (RDD), leveraging datafrom the 2000 Population and Housing Census and the 2002 and 2003 Labor Force Surveys.The analysis focuses on labor supply responses, including employment status and labormarket participation.The results from the 2002 and 2003 Labor Force Surveys indicate that the transitionfrom DB to NDC leads to an 11.6-17.9 percentage point decrease in women’s employmentand a 9.6-10.9 percentage point decrease in employment in low-wage growth provinces,which are characterized by slower wage increases. However, no statistically significant effectis found for men or for individuals living in high-wage growth provinces. The estimatedcoefficients for labor participation are similar to those for employment, suggesting consistentresults across both outcomes
USING EXTENDED PORTFOLIO SELECTION IN INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
No full textThis study aims to determine the optimal investment portfolio based on the investor’s objective, expected return, risk tolerance, and investment cost. As a practical case study, we use quantitative data from 2013 to 2024 for six noncorrelated companies listed in Mongolian stock exchange’s Top 20 Index, including APU, Gobi, Makhimpex, Suu, Talkh Chikher, and Tavan Tolgoi. The optimization problem is formulated with the objective function of minimizing the risk per unit of return, subject to the following constraints: the expected return of the portfolio must be no less than 0.142, the level of portfolio risk does not exceed 0.062, and the initial investment cost modeled by a logistic distribution does not exceed 0.097.The optimal solution to this problem yields the following portfolio allocation: APU – 5.4%, Gobi – 6.8%, Makhimpex – 30.3%, Suu – 8.9%, Talkh Chikher – 28.4%, and Tavan Tolgoi – 20.2%. For this portfolio, the risk level is reduced by 26% compared to the initial value
MACHINE LEARNING APPLICATIONS IN ACTUARIAL RISK ASSESSMENT AND PRICING
No full textThis study explores the potential of applying machine learning models in actuarial premium calculations by classifying policyholders based on their risk levels.Among the various insurance products available in the market, health insurance known for its high loss ratio was selected as the focus of this research. Based on population morbidity data, the most significant variables were identified and used to develop and evaluate machine learning models that classify risk levels according to each category of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Furthermore, for each ICD category, the study examines the distribution patterns and descriptive statistics of the corresponding treatment cost data. Based on this analysis and the machine learning outputs, risk assessment recommendations are proposed using the z-score methodology
СОЛОНГОС ХЭЛНИЙ ДӨРВӨН ҮСЭГТ ХЭЛЦИЙГ ОРЧУУЛАХ ТУХАЙД
No full text현대까지 한국과 몽골 양국의 학자들이 지혜와 지식을 다해서 서로의 역사와 정치 사회와 경제 그리고 언어 등 여러 분야의 연구를 해 왔다. 이번 연구에서는 한국어와 몽골어 그 중에서도 한국어의 은유적 표현인 사자성어의 몽골어 번역에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 그동안 몽골과 한국 연구자들은 한국어의 은유적 표현 중에서 속담, 관용어 그리고 숙어에 대한 비교적 대조적인 연구를 많이 했다. 언어의 은유적 표현을 잘 분석하면 할 수록 언어적 가치가 있을 뿐만 아니라 문화적 가치가 있다. 은유적 표현 속에는 그 언어를 쓰는 사람들의 세계관과 문화적 가치가 담겨져 있기 때문이다
ГЕРМАН ХЭЛНИЙ ЭГШИГ АВИАНЫ ФОРМАНТЫН ДҮН ШИНЖИЛГЭЭ, СУДАЛГААНЫ ТОЙМ: FORMANT ANALYSIS OF GERMAN VOWEL PHONEMES AND RESEARCH REVIEW
No full textThis study aims to identify the challenges Mongolian students face when learning to pronounce German vowels accurately and clearly for the first time. It seeks to compare these challenges with the standard acoustic performance of native German speakers, highlight the differences, and propose strategies to improve students pronunciation. The German vowel system [a] [a:] [ɛ] [ə] [ɐ] [e:] [ɛ:] [ɔ] [o:] [ɪ] [i:] [ʊ] [u:] [œ] [ø:] [ʏ] [y:] was analyzed by having eight students read each vowel sound ([a], [a:], [ɛ], [ə], [ɐ], [e:], [ɛ:], [ɔ], [o:], [ɪ]), collecting acoustic data, and processing it using the phonetic analysis software Praat. The formant values were compared with native speaker benchmarks to identify the vowels and phonemes that exhibited the most significant deviations. Based on these findings, recommendations were made to improve the pronunciation of Mongolian students learning German
МОНГОЛ ХЭЛНИЙ МЭРГЭЖЛЭЭР СУРЧ БУЙ ХЯТАД ОЮУТНУУДЫН СУРАХ СЭДЛИЙГ СУДЛАХ НЬ
No full textInternational relations, as well as cultural and educational cooperation, are expanding. The close political, economic, and cultural ties between Mongolia and China have increased the demand among young people in both countries to learn each other's languages. For Chinese students, learning Mongolian is not only important for participating in cultural exchanges but also for expanding their career opportunities and improving their ability to communicate with Mongolians.
Every country in the world actively promotes itself through its language and culture. Similarly, for Mongolia, promoting its language and culture is of great importance for the country’s future development. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on Mongolian language training aimed at foreign learners.
Students majoring in Mongolian language at Jilin International Studies University were selected as the research subjects. The purpose of this research is to identify the motivational factors affecting the students, and to determine whether their level of motivation is correlated with their academic engagement. Using questionnaire and semi-structured interview methods, the study aimed to examine their learning motivation as well as the internal and external factors influencing it.
It appears that increasing external motivational factors is effective for boosting the learning motivation of Chinese students studying Mongolian. In addition to providing various forms of encouragement and support during the learning process, using learner-centered and psychologically supportive teaching methods—such as cognitive and constructive approaches (collaborative learning, joint decision-making, problem solving), as well as project-based learning that involves creative, real-world tasks—can significantly enhance students’ motivation to learn. The findings of the study are expected to help identify effective ways to enhance learners’ motivation, improve academic performance, and strengthen the professional competencies of future graduates
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DISCOURSE ANALYSIS RESEARCH IN THE SINO-MONGOLIAN CONTEXT: THE DIALOGUE BETWEEN THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND METHODOLOGICAL PRACTICES
No full textIn recent years, as linguistic research paradigms evolve and socio-realistic contexts undergo significant transformations, academic communities in both China and Mongolia have demonstrated distinct, empirical, and localized approaches in the development of discourse studies. Building on recent research, this paper offers a comprehensive review and comparative analysis of discourse research within the Chinese and Mongolian contexts, emphasizing three key dimensions: research scope, theoretical frameworks, and methodological approaches. Research findings: In terms of research scope, Chinese discourse studies have increasingly focused on pragmatic discourse practices, including national discourse construction, social governance, and digital politics. Mongolian research has placed greater emphasis on stylistic comparisons and cross-linguistic cognitive features, reflecting a dual approach of "local construction" and "cross-cultural comparison." On the theoretical front, Chinese scholars have advanced integration within three classic paradigms of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), gradually fostering an intra-paradigmatic synergy. In contrast, Mongolian scholarship initially concentrated on linguistic rhetoric and discourse studies but has since shifted towards a "cross-theoretical integration" path, centered around cognitive linguistics and extending into areas such as eco-translatology and cultural pragmatics. Regarding methodological approaches, Chinese researchers have commonly employed corpus technologies, statistical modeling, and multimodal analysis to facilitate empirically-driven transformations. Meanwhile, Mongolian studies have developed an interdisciplinary methodological framework known as "linguistic-mathematical-cognitive integration." This paper argues that despite their differing theoretical perspectives and inquiry mechanisms, discourse studies in China and Mongolia both highlight the multidimensional roles of language as a tool for social construction. The respective approaches from each country provide valuable empirical resources and theoretical foundations for discourse analysis in non-Western contexts
АЛТАЙ ОВГИЙН ХЭЛНҮҮДИЙН ҮГИЙН САНГ УТГА ЗҮЙН АРГААР СУДЛАХ НЬ
No full textЭрдэм шинжилгээний орчуулгын бүтээл
Energy Spectrum of the ⁸Be Nucleus
No full textThe ⁸Be nucleus is modeled as an α+α system composed of two alpha clusters. Using the complex scaling method with Buck and Schmid-Wildermuth potentials, we calculated the energy levels and corresponding resonance widths for the states with spin-parity Jπ = 0⁺, 2⁺, 4⁺, 6⁺, 8⁺, and 10⁺. The calculations were performed using Gaussian and harmonic oscillator basis functions. The results are compared with existing theoretical models and experimental data
Source Apportionment of Air Particulate Matter in Ulaanbaatar City (2017–2019) Using Positive Matrix Factorization
No full textIn the study, the source apportionment of ambient particulate matter was conducted using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) based on measurement data from 176 samples of PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀–₂.₅ collected during the winter seasons of 2017–2019 in Ulaanbaatar city. The input dataset included concentrations of 17 chemical elements and black carbon. The PMF results revealed five major sources for both PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀–₂.₅: soil dust (34.8% and 59.2%), coal combustion (39.8%, 18.1%), vehicular emissions (8.1%, 8.5%), petroleum-related sources (4.4%, 2.7%), and industrial emissions (12.9%, 11.6%), respectively