National University of Mongolia Scientific Journals
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Reform and Challenges in Mongolia’s Criminal Procedure Law
No full textIf the purpose and content of a law are clear and its application is coherent, it not only facilitates implementation but also minimizes the risk of enforcement errors. Upholding this principle should serve as the foundation for reforms in criminal procedure legislation and as a cornerstone of legal development. This article examines the origins and essence of criminal procedure worldwide, provides an overview of the interrelation between substantive and procedural law, and analyzes the reforms, amendments, key challenges, and potential solutions in the country’s criminal procedure law. In a period of intensive reforms in criminal procedure legislation, this article is written in relation to the recent legal changes, drawing upon empirical data, comparative analysis, and case studies as foundational materials. Structurally, the article consists of an introduction, an analysis of the reforms and amendments in criminal procedure legislation, their implications, the practice of criminal case adjudication, the legal framework, emerging challenges, and a concluding section with findings and recommendations. In discussing legal reforms and amendments, the article expresses opinions on the factors influencing these changes, as well as the impact of decisions made by the Constitutional Court. In examining the issues encountered in the practice of criminal case adjudication, the article strives to address the challenges in each stage: case registration, investigative procedures, prosecutorial oversight, trial proceedings, and the operations of appellate courts.
Монголын эрүүгийн процессын хуулийн шинэчлэлт, тулгамдсан асуудал
[Товч утга]Аливаа хуулийн зорилго, агуулга нь ойлгомжтой, үйлчлэл нь уялдаж байвал хэрэглэхэд хялбар төдийгүй хэрэгжүүлэхэд алдаа гарах нь бага бөгөөд үүнийг баримтлах нь эрүүгийн процессын хууль тогтоомжийн өөрчлөлт шинэчлэлтийн үндэс, эрх зүйн хөгжлийн тулгуур гэсэн үзэл санаагаар энэхүү өгүүлэлийн сэдвийн томьёоллыг тодорхойлсон болно. Тус өгүүлэлд дэлхий дахины эрүүгийн процессын үүсэл, мөн чанар, материаллаг, процессын эрх зүйн уялдааны тойм, түүнтэй холбогдуулж тус улсын эрүүгийн процессын эрх зүйн хөгжил, тулгамдаж буй зарим асуудал, шийдвэрлэх арга замын талаар авч үзэв. Эрүүгийн дроцессын эрх зүйн хөгжлийн асуудлыг эрх зүйн шинэчлэл эрчимтэй хийж буй өнөө цаг үеийн эрүүгийн процессын хуулиудын өөрчлөлттэй холбогдуулж судалгааны тоон баримт, харьцуулалт, кейс зэрэг материалд түшиглэн бичсэн. Өгүүлэл бүтцийн хувьд оршил, эрүүгийн процессын хууль тогтоомжийн шинэчлэлт, өөрчлөлт, үр дагавар, эрүүгийн хэрэг хянан шийдвэрлэх ажиллааганы практик, эрх зүйн орчин, тулгарч буй асуудал, дүгнэлт санал хэсэгтэй. Хуулийн өөрчлөлт шинэчлэлтийн талаар авч үзэхдээ түүнд нөлөөлөх хүчин зүйл, мөн Үндсэн хуулийн Цэцийн шийдвэрийн үзүүлсэн нөлөөллийн талаар саналаа илэрхийлсэн. Эрүүгийн хэрэг хянан шийдвэрлэх ажиллагааны практикт тулгарч буй асуудлыг авч үзэхдээ хэрэг бүртгэлт, мөрдөн байцаалтын ажиллагаа, прокурорын хяналт, шүүхэд хэрэг хянан шийдвэрлэх ажиллагаа болон хяналтын шатны шүүхийн ажиллагаа тус бүрээр асуудлыг эрэлхийлсэн нь эрүүгийн хэрэг хянан шийдвэрлэх ажиллагаан дэх эрх зүйн зохицуулалтын нийтлэг асуудлыг гаргаж тавихыг оролдсон гэж болно.
[Түлхүүр үг]Эрүүгийн процессын эрх зүй, материаллаг эрхийн хэм хэмжээ, процессын эрх зүйн хэм хэмжээ, эрүүгийн хэрэг хянан шийдвэрлэх ажиллагаа, Эрүүгийн хэрэг хянан шийдвэрлэх тухай хууль, хэрэг бүртгэлт, мөрдөн байцаалтын ажиллагаа, прокурорын хяналт, шүүхэд хэрэг хянан шийдвэрлэх ажиллагаа, хяналтын шатны шүүх
Жендэрийн хэвшмэл үзэл: өрхийн хөдөлмөрийн хуваарь, улс төрийн үйл ажиллагаа, манлайлал: Gender stereotype: Household labor division, political activities and leadership
No full textThe author aimed to describe gender stereotypes in labor division and power relations within a household and political activity and leadership. The article based on primary data of the public perception survey I and II which were done in 2021 and 2024 with supports of Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) and UNDP in Mongolia. But these studies’ findings argued that more than 50% of the respondents believe gendered stereotyped division as follows: more than 50% determine household gender labor division, and more than 40% describe household power relations as well as more than 30% of the respondents justify political activities and leadership based on patriarchal ideology. The findings reflect Eagly and Wood’s idea that gender stereotype is more prevalent in social role of private settings than in public area. Also, the findings shown that biosocial mechanism is manifested in the respondents’ preference that while women are more likely to fill child caring roles while men tend to justify gendered men’s roles as seen by Eagly and Wood
Улс орнуудын авлигатай тэмцэх стратеги харьцуулалт: Comparison of anti-corruption strategies of foreign countries
No full textThe Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) of 180 countries is published annually by Transparency International (TI), an international research organization, which assesses the level of corruption in countries and the fairness and transparency of public officials. According to Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index, Mongolia had 37 points in 2018, 35 points in 2019, and 35 points in 2020 and 2021 respectively. In 2022, it decreased to 33 points, but in 2023, the number of points remained the same. However, in terms of the ranking of countries, we were ranked 116 out of 180 countries last year, and this year we fell by five places to 121. This result shows the urgent need to approve the "Anti-corruption strategy". Appropriately defining and implementing a strategy is very different from approving a declarative program or plan and leaving it unimplemented.
In order to solve and overcome the problems related to corruption in Mongolia, it is not enough to study only the level of internal corruption, the public understanding and knowledge of citizens. It is also important to study the experience of fighting and reducing corruption in other countries of the world, as well as anti-corruption policies.
 
Иргэний нийгэм дэх хүний эрх хамгаалагчийн өнөөгийн нөхцөл байдал, тулгамдаж буй бэрхшээл: Current situation and challenges faced by human rights defenders in cso in Mon
No full textNational Center for Comprehensive Development NGO has implemented “Implementation of the rights of human rights defenders in CSOs and environmental human rights defenders.” survey in 2024. In this article we focused on current situation and challenges faced by human rights defenders in CSO in Mongolia. Specifically, the issues of financial, human resources and legal frameworks for the protection of human rights in the field of civil society, as well as appropriate legal regulations to strengthen civil society. The problems faced by human rights defenders in civil society, the forms of activities of human rights defenders, the difficulties encountered in human rights protection activities, and the ways in which they are overcome were studied and concluded
Уб хотын нийтийн байрны өнөөгийн нөхцөл, оршин суугчдын нийгмийн байдлыг судалсан нь: Studying the current condition of public housing and the social status of residents in UB city
No full textSocial housing is the common type of housing dwelling by young families, migrants from local areas, workers, students, and low-income households. Social housing is a unique form of housing for marginalized groups of society, the middle and below-middle classes. There is no work that studies the problems of social housing and its residents at the scientific level, especially from a sociological perspective. In 2022, the author led a baseline survey team on social housing, and the results of the research are being presented to the public for the first time
Төрийн албаны зарчим, түүний хэрэгжилтийн байдал : Principles of civil service and their implementation
No full textMongolia's government institutions are being renewed. While the judicial environment is evolving and legalizing, there is a legal problem. The State Department addressed the issue of qualified stability in a case study, including the working conditions of a civil servant, the principle of eligibility only when a citizen is appointed to a real public office, ensuring equal access to public service, and transparency. Taking into account the above issues, it is important to ensure the stability of the work of state institutions, apply one area of expertise and maintain a stable succession of public positions
Социологийн систем: Subject of Sociology and its Relation to Science
No full textPitirim Sorokin (1889-1968) - the famous social scientist of the 20th century. In 1922, he published "System of Sociology" which was presented to the public debate as a doctoral dissertation. In the "System of Sociology," Sorokin offers the basic principles on the basis of which he proposed the creation of sociology. He developed a framework of sociology, its main direction and objectives. In the “System sociology” Sorokin explains in detail the scientific principles that based his work
Мэдлэг даяарших үйл явцын өөрчлөлт ба дээд боловсролын байгууллага: Knowledge globalization and institutes of higher education
No full textGlobalization constitutes a new trend in the world economy, politics, culture and education. Highly educated stuff determines competitor value of a country based on knowledge. Therefore educational institutions of all levels bear responsibility to preparing highly educated stuff. In fact we are not ready to world globalization. Thus present level of high education is issued upon globalization trends
Орчин үеийн монгол гэр бүлийн гишүүдийн үүрэг, эрх мэдлийн хуваарилалт: Roles and power distribution in contemporary Mongolian family (on the example of UB residents study)
No full textThe paper is exploring modern urban family situation through family’s power distribution and function differentiation. The authors based on statistical data, own survey conducted on 1000 Ulaanbaatar’ inhabitants, psychological projective tests, such as tree design and Rorschach test, discuss modern family issues and types.  
Монголын улс төрийн намуудын гишүүнчлэл: Membership of political party in Mongolia
No full textIn this paper, the authors considered on political party`s full membership in Mongolia and analyzed its consequences for whole society. According to Supreme court of Mongolia, 667.529 thousand citizens are members of various political parties which consists 20.2 percent of total population of the country. The authors explained a main reasons or motivations of political party membership from point of view of such social theories as theory of identity, Attachment theory and theory of conspiracy.
In the paper, the authors used qualitative and quantitative data from various researches done by several research organizations like social research institute of National university of Mongolia (NUM) and department of political science, NUM. According to the authors, despite party membership is one of important human rights, it become deviant social phenomena used by nomenclature of political parties for election meddling that posed a real threat for democracy in the country.
At the end, the authors concluded that a party membership must be banned and parties should become political institution with limited policy nomenclature