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Амьдралын хэв маягийн талаарх ойлголт ба судалгааны хамрах хүрээ: Concept of lifestyle and scope its research
No full textA considerable volume of literature did indeed appear during the 1970s, some proposing lifestyle as a theoretical concept and some exploring the idea empirically. Most of this work, however, appeared in fields other than leisure studies, including such diverse areas as: studies of migrant communities; urban studies; market research; futurology; community politics; tourism; and social theory in general.
There was, however, resistance to the use of the lifestyle concept: a 1989 paper published in Leisure Studies, suggesting that a Weberian approach to lifestyle could provide a framework for the development of leisure studies was firmly rejected by neo-Marxist and feminist scholars and has continued to be dismissed by critical sociologists and feminists. Despite this criticism, support for the lifestyle concept continued to grow during the 1990s. Mommaas (1999) related the concept to the work of Veblen, Weber and Simmel; Critcher appeared to modify his earlier position in suggesting that lifestyle was one of a number of “middle range” concepts which should be explored in leisure studies; a number of contributions to the discussion were made by Paré; Rojek suggested that the concept had survived some of its structural feminist critiques; and a substantial review of the concept was published in the journal Leisure Studies
"Мөргөлдөөн" хэмээх ойлголтын тухайд
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Пост модерн соёлын нөхцөл дэх нүүдэлчид: шинэ эрсдэл үү эсхүл шинэ боломж уу?
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Суралцагчдын хүйсийн харьцааны асуудалд
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Мэргэжлийн нэр хүндийг судлах нь
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Рациональ сонголт : онол, арга зүй
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ГЭР БҮЛИЙН ХҮЧИРХИЙЛЛИЙГ ТАЙЛБАРЛАХ ОНОЛЫН ҮЗЭЛ БАРИМТЛАЛУУД
No full textAbstract: In previous studies, the issues of domestic violence and children’s socialization were mainly explained by using psychological theories and sociological theories. In order to have a better study of the impacts of domestic violence on socialization of children, the following theories are based, including psychoanalytic theory, epistemology, the behavior of social epistemology, animal behavior theory and psychology theory. Other theories such as social exchange theory, systems theory, resource theory, theory of social conflict, social communication theory, feminist theory and social learning theory were also taken into consideration in order to draw a rationalized explaination of the origin of domestic violence and the psychological mechanisms of perpetrators
1990 ОНД МОНГОЛД ДЭГЛЭМ СОЛИГДСОН ҮЙЛ ЯВЦ: ӨРНӨДИЙН СУДЛААЧДЫН ШИНЖИЛГЭЭ
No full textAbstract: The main objective of this article is detailed analysis on explanations of western Mongol- study scholars’ view on 1990 transition and regime change in Mongolia. In this goal, articles and documents written between 1990 and 2013 by Mongolia-related scholars were reviewed focusing on the transition factors, timeframe and fundamental consequences. The core outcomes have been identified as the process was “elite-centered”, “capital city concentrated”, “external factors identical”, “nationally characterized” and “pro-independence”
From Marx to Montesquieu: Differences between Socialist and Liberal Constitutionalism
No full textSocialist constitutions very much looked like their Western counterparts: a written document on the top of the legal hierarchy with state principles, rules on state organisation and basic rights. Despite the similar appearance, in content they were fundamentally different from liberal documents. The most important difference was the compulsory ideology and its guardian, the Communist Party (CP). Elections did not function to award a political choice but to legitimise the rule of the CP. The ideology required the subordination of the state and its law, including the constitution, under the tutelage of the CP. Formally relying on Rousseau, socialist constitutionalism rejected all checks and balances, advocating a ‘socialist division of labour’ among state organs. The hyper-centralised ‘monolithic’ state did not accept any separation of powers, neither horizontal nor vertical. Basic rights were interpreted as granted by the state and could be exercised only in a way the CP accepted.When socialism ended, most states wanted to establish a liberal democracy, true human rights and freedoms, a market economy, and a rule of law. This required a shift from socialist to liberal constitutionalism. The most important change was the abolition of the compulsory ideology and the acceptance of political pluralism. This entailed a new quality of individual political rights and freedoms such as the liberty to form or join parties. The socialist state had to be decentralised by, inter alia, the introduction of a separation of powers and checks and balances, and by restoring local and other autonomy. Replacing a planned by a market economy required a new quality of individual economic and social rights as well as a re-definition of the economic role of the state. Finally, constitutional rights had to be re-defined as a true empowerment of the individual. These changes were essential for the creation of the rule of law
Constitutions of The Mongolian People’s Republic Ratified in 1924, 1940 and 1960 as the Determiners of State Economy Development and its Tendency
No full textBeing of Mongolians who had had pastoralism for thousands of years changed at the end of the XIX century and new economy styles were established. Mongolia included in the world market by its livestock, livestock raw materials and natural wealth making livestock breeders to be divided by their capital owning amount. Camel caravan transportation, land and camel renting, hay making and usury had appeared among the Mongolians instead of their traditional pastoralism. People who developed these new economic forms had widened the market relations. Mongolia that declared its state independence at the beginning of the XX century had policy to develop its homeland as the countries where modern culture, education, industry had been developed intensively admitted different property rights for the economy in their constitutions ratified in 1924 and 1940. The constitution ratified in 1960 admitted the state and cooperation property rights in the economic relations and confirmed the jurisprudence base for the planned development of the state economy.
БНМАУ-ын 1924, 1940, 1960 оны Үндсэн хууль: Улс орны эдийн засгийн хөгжил, чиг хандлага
Олон мянган жил нүүдлийн мал аж ахуй голлон эрхэлж ирсэн монголчуудын аж байдал ХIX зууны эцсээс өөрчлөгдөн аж хуйн шинэ хэвшлүүд үүсэн бий болж байв. Монгол орон дэлхийн зах зээлд мал, малын гаралтай түүхий эд, болон байгалийн баялгаараа татагдан орохын хамт малчин ардын дотор хөрөнгө чинээний байдлын ялгаа улам бүр нэмэгдэж байв. Монголчууд уламжлалт аж ахуй, мал сүргээ адуулахын зэрэгцээ жин тээх, газар, мал (хөсөг уналгын) түрээслэх, хадлан эрхлэх, мөнгө хүүлэх болсон байна. Эдгээр нь аж ахуйн хүрээнд шинэ хэлбэр үүсгэж, түүнийг эрхлэх хөтлөх хүмүүсийг бий болгож, улмаар зах зээлийн харилцаа тэрлэн хөгжиж байв. ХХ зууны эхээр төрийн тусгаар тогтнолоо зарлан тунхагласан Монголын төрөөс улс орноо орчин цагийн соёл боловсрол, аж үйлдвэр хөгжсөн дэлхийн улс орнуудын адил хөгжүүлэх бодлогыг тууштай баримтлан, хөгжүүлэхийг эрмэлзэн 1924, 1940 оны Үндсэн хуулиуд эдийн засаг дахь өмчийн олон хэлбэрийг хүлээн зөвшөөрч байв. 1960 онд батлагдсан Үндсэн хууль тус улсын эдийн засгийн харилцаанд улсын болон хоршооллын өмчийн хэлбэрийг батлан, улс ардын аж ахуйг нэгдсэн төлөвлөгөөтэй хөгжүүлэх хууль эрх зүйн үндсийг баталгаажуулжээ.
Түлхүүр үг: Эдийн засаг, шинэ хэлбэр, төлөвлөгөө, удирдлага, хөдөө аж ахуй, хөгжил