National University of Mongolia Scientific Journals
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ЗАЛУУЧУУД, ЗАЛУУЧУУДЫН БАЙГУУЛЛАГЫН СУРГАЛТЫН ХЭРЭГЦЭЭГ ОРОЛЦООНЫ АРГА ЗҮЙГЭЭР СУДАЛСАН НЬ
No full textAbstract: The survey was conducted for Caritas Czech Republic in Mongolia, Center for Citizenship Education, and the Mongolian Youth Council, within a project “ALL FOR YOUTH, YOUTH FOR ALL” that will be implemented in 2020 to 2023 under a support the EU.
The results of the survey have not been introduced in public yet and researchers have been working gradually to introduce the results. All data was collected according to the international research ethics standard ESOMAR code and the International Standard for Market, an opinion and social research, including insights and data analytics (ISO 20252:2019). In Ulaanbaatar and 4 aimags, 480 young people aged 15-34 (Article 3.1 of the Law on Supporting Youth Development, 2017) and 52 organizations working in the field of youth were surveyed and conducted in 2020 using quantitative and qualitative research methodologies
ГАДААДЫН ЗАРИМ УЛС ОРНЫ ЦЭРГИЙН СОЦИОЛОГИЙН МЭДЛЭГИЙН ХӨГЖЛИЙН ТҮҮХЭН АСУУДАЛД
No full textAbstract: The article examines the development of world sociology, including the origins and development of military sociology knowledge, and the subjects of its study. In particular, the origins and stages of Russian military sociology knowledge are examined. The article also examines the institutions, research and researchers of military sociology in the United States.
The development of an independent sociological discipline as a science in the late 19th and early 20th centuries laid the theoretical foundation for the formation of Russian military sociology. Thus, the development of military sociology knowledge as an independent branch of sociological science at the modern stage has become of great importance. Currently, the subject of research in Russian military sociology is determined by the socio-economic situation in the country and sociological traditions. The main focus is on studying the socio-economic situation, military education, the values and professional orientation of military personnel, and the problems of conflict within the military community
ӨВӨР МОНГОЛЫН МАЛЧДЫН СОЦИАЛЬ ОРОН ЗАЙН ӨӨРЧЛӨЛТИЙН ТҮҮХЭН ҮЕ ШАТ БА ҮР НӨЛӨӨ
No full texthis article analyzes People's Republic of China’s policies and actions regarding livestock grazing
in Inner Mongolia. A policy analysis of spatial changes in livestock grazing was conducted, and the current
situation and historical overview of the past were reviewed chronologically. In reviewing this social spatial
change in Inner Mongolia, we consider it within the context of the overall policies implemented since the
Chinese government's "Land and Pasture Ownership" policy, first implemented in 1979, to the present day.
Pasture policies and practices have shaped the livelihoods, urbanization, demographic structure, and social
change of modern Inner Mongolian herders. This article also compares and analyzes the main Western and
Eastern theories and concepts regarding social spatial change, and discusses them within the context of a
literature review.
 
ХҮҮХДИЙН САЙН САЙХАН БАЙДЛЫН ТАЛААРХ ТАНДАЛТ СУДАЛГАА
No full textThis scoping review explores the multi-dimensional construct of child well-being, with a specific focus on psychological and subjective well-being among school-aged children in Mongolia and beyond. Drawing from 19 empirical studies identified through comprehensive searches in eight databases, the review synthesizes key factors contributing to children's well-being, including perceived social support, school climate, parental relationships, autonomy, and socioeconomic status. The findings underscore that supportive social environments, particularly those fostering autonomy, competence, and belonging, significantly enhance children’s life satisfaction and mental health. Conversely, experiences of discrimination, psychological control, and economic hardship negatively impact children's well-being. Notably, only one study was based in Mongolia, highlighting a critical research gap. This review contributes to a nuanced understanding of the relational and contextual determinants of child well-being and lays the groundwork for more culturally
grounded research in Mongolia. It also emphasizes the need for ethical, participatory, and methodologically
diverse approaches in future studies
Монголчууд төртэй байсан уу?
No full textДэлхийн түүхэнд нэгэн онцгой үзэгдэл байдаг. Хүн ам цөөн, малчин монголчууд XIII зуунд Азийн гүнээс цойлон гарч ирж, дэлхийд урьд байгаагүй том эзэнт гүрнийг байгуулжээ. 1930-аад онд Өрнөдөд бичигдсэн Монголын эзэнт гүрний тухай ном зохиолд “Татарын энх тайван” (Pax Tatarica) хэмээх нэршил үзэгдэх болсон бөгөөд энэ нь монголчуудын захиргаан дор Евразийн бүс нутагт энх тайван тогтсон эрин үе гэх утгаар хэрэглэгдэх болсон байна. Үүгээр нь Монголын эзэнт гүрнийг дэлхийн түүхийн тавцанд Ром (Pax Romana), Британи (Pax Britannica) зэрэг хамгийн агуу хэмээгдсэн эзэнт гүрнүүдтэй зэрэгцүүлэн тавих болжээ. Гэвч Өрнөдийн эрдэмтдийн хувьд, монголчууд эзэнт гүрэн байгуулсан нь түүхийн “этгээд тохиолдол” аж
СЭТГҮҮЛ ЗҮЙН СУДАЛГААНЫ АРГА ЗҮЙГ БОЛОВСРОНГУЙ БОЛГОХ ХЭРЭГЦЭЭ, ШААРДЛАГА
No full textIn this article, the author provides an overview of the state, structure, and subjects of journalistic research methodology, as well as classification of research methods commonly used in journalism, including their benefits and areas for further development. Moreover, the author concludes that journalistic research methodology is a scientific concept and discusses the need to systematize the main categories that define the concept of journalistic research methodology, to identify the unique features of this field of scientific knowledge, and to synthesize the different views of researchers in this area
Текст олборлолт ба сүлжээний анализаар илрүүлсэн аутизмын хүрээний эмгэгтэй холбоотой генүүд
No full textАутизмын хүрээний эмгэг (АХЭ) нь генетикийн болон хүрээлэн буй орчны олон хүчин зүйлийн нөлөөгөөр мэдрэлийн хөгжлийн хоцрогдол үүсгэдэг нарийн төвөгтэй эмгэг юм. АХЭ-ийн шалтгаан нь одоо ч нарийн тодорхой болоогүй бөгөөд судлаачид энэ төрлийн эмгэгийг илүү сайн ойлгох, эрсдэлт хүчин зүйлсийг үнэлэх, урьдчилан сэргийлэх чиглэлд ихээхэн анхаарал хандуулж байна. Судалгаагаар АХЭ-ийн 50 орчим хувь нь генетик шалтгаантай байх магадлалтай болохыг харуулж байна. Олон тооны уураг кодлогч генд тэр дундаа мэдрэлийн эсийн хөгжил, мэдрэлийн эсийн сигнал дамжуулалт зэрэгт чухал үүрэгтэй генүүдийн мутаци нь АХЭ-тэй холбоотой болох нь тогтоогдоод байна. Бид уг судалгааны ажлаар текст олборлолтын аргаар аутизмтай холбоотой генүүдийн шинжлэх ухааны өгүүллийн хураангуйд дурдагдсан байдлаар нь тодорхойлон, уураг-уургийн харилцан үйлчлэлийн сүлжээ байгуулж, АХЭ-ийн голлох шалтгаан байж болох эмчилгээний бай болох боломжитой уургуудыг тодорхойлов. Үр дүнд нь олон тооны уургуудтай харилцан үйлчилдэг, сүлжээний хувьд зангилаа цэгүүд болж байгаа катенин бета-1 (CTNNB1), синапсын дараах нягтралын 95 (PSD-95 буюу DLG4), сигнал дамжуулагч ба транскрипцийн идэвхжүүлэгч 3 (STAT3) зэрэг уургууд АХЭ үүсэхэд чухал нөлөөтэй байж болохыг тодорхойлов. Мөн бидний байгуулсан сүлжээнд олон тооны цитокинууд байгаа нь дархлааны нөлөөтэй АХЭ-ийн хувилбар байж болохыг харуулж байна. Цаашлаад ДНХ-ийн метилжилт, гистоны модификаци зэрэг процессоор эпигенетикийн түвшинд нөлөөлсөн АХЭ-ийн шалтгаан байж болох нь харагдаж байна. Энэ судалгааны үр дүнд цаашдын судалгаа, эмчилгээний бай болохуйц уургуудыг илрүүлэв
Determining the optimal location of the ranger's observation post: Байгаль хамгаалагчийн хяналтын байрны оновчтой байршлыг тогтоох нь
No full textEnvironmental crimes are recognized as one of the most pressing issues affecting nature and ecology, not only in Mongolia but globally. Therefore, it is imperative to research and identify the factors that can reduce this type of crime and to test these strategies in practice. This study employed spatial analysis and statistical methods to investigate the relationships between different types of environmental crimes, their locations, and their proximity to the ranger's observation posts. This study utilized data on crimes committed in Eroo Sum, Selenge Province, between 2017 and 2023, along with information from ranger control posts and environmental factors such as elevation, roads, and water. The findings reveal that 181 environmental crimes occurred in Eroo sum during the seven years. Of these, 78.4% were related to illegal mineral exploration, usage, and extraction, 18.2% involved illegal logging, and 3.3% were associated with forest and field fires, illegal harvesting of natural vegetation, and unauthorized hunting. These crimes predominantly occurred in low-lying areas, near roads and water bodies, and at considerable distances from ranger observation posts. Summarizing the correlation results, it was determined that establishing ranger observation posts in three locations outside the high-risk river areas, near roads, in low-lying areas, and with good visibility would significantly improve crime prevention. The study highlights a direct relationship between the placement of ranger observation posts and the frequency of environmental crimes, underscoring the importance of observation posts placement in reducing offenses. As environmental crimes are projected to rise, it is crucial to adopt proactive measures by situating ranger observation posts at optimal locations to prevent and deter such activities effectively. As environmental crimes are projected to rise, it is crucial to adopt proactive measures by situating monitoring stations at optimal locations to prevent and deter such activities effectively
Drought Frequency and Spatio-Temporal Variability in the Great Lakes Depression Region of Western Mongolia (1990–2020): Их нууруудын хотгор орчмын 1990-2020 оны хоорондох гангийн давтагдал, орон зай, цаг хугацааны өөрчлөлт
No full textDrought has become an increasingly frequent and severe environmental and climatic phenomenon in arid and semi-arid regions in recent years. The Great Lakes Depression in Mongolia is one of the regions most sensitive to drought and aridity. This study investigates the spatial and temporal distribution, as well as the intensity of drought events in the Great Lakes Depression from 1990 to 2020 using remote sensing methodologies. Key climatic variables such as precipitation, air temperature, wind speed, and soil moisture were employed to estimate drought frequency. Additionally, satellite data from MODIS and Landsat 5 were used to calculate the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), Temperature Condition Index (TCI), and Vegetation Health Index (VHI), providing a more detailed assessment of drought intensity and recurrence. These indices were further analyzed in relation to the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) through statistical comparison. The results indicate that the early 1990s were relatively wet, while the period between 2000 and 2011 saw a significant increase in drought frequency, with events occurring more frequently and over shorter intervals. Lakes in areas fed by precipitation and river inflow were particularly sensitive to changes in moisture availability. During the 2000–2011 drought period, TCI declined by 1%, precipitation by 0.9%, and VCI by 0.6%. Increasing aridity, reduced soil moisture, and rising air temperatures in the region have contributed to greater drought intensity and frequency. For example, the years 1994 (VCI: 54.1%), 1997 (78.5%), and 1998 (65.7%) were relatively moist, with high precipitation; however, the corresponding TCI values for those years—29.7%, 35.8%, and 9.9%, respectively—indicate that temperature-induced evapotranspiration exceeded moisture input, resulting in increased drought coverage and frequency despite favorable rainfall conditions
Hydro-climate study of the Orog lake - Tuin river basin, South Mongolia: Орог нуур-Түйн голын сав газрын ус зүй, уур амьсгалын судалгаа
No full textHydrology and climate research at the catchment scale plays a vital role in accurately identifying the characteristics of the hydrological cycle, climatic resources, and water balance components, as well as their interrelationships. This type of research provides a scientific foundation for the sustainable management of water resources, maintenance of ecosystem equilibrium, risk assessment related to climate change, and evidence-based policymaking. Accordingly, we selected the Orog Lake–Tuin River basin as a representative case of Mongolia’s semi-arid region and the Central Asian endorheic basins. Using open-access data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), we analyzed changes in the water surface area of Orog Lake over the past 30 years (1991–2020), employing Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellite imagery. Additionally, high-resolution, spatiotemporal climate data from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset—developed by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and internationally recognized—was extracted across 1440 spatial layers for four key climate parameters. These were processed and analyzed to identify seasonal interactions during July–September, a period when atmospheric, surface, and hydrological processes are most dynamically interconnected. We established statistical relationships among lake area, river discharge, precipitation, and evapotranspiration, and mapped the spatial distribution of key climate indicators across the basin. These findings were evaluated in comparison with observed data. The study revealed that the surface area of Orog Lake has declined by approximately 70 km², while the average discharge of the Tuin River has decreased by 0.5 m³/s. Over the past 30 years, total annual precipitation has dropped by 23 mm, air temperature has risen by about 2°C, and total potential evapotranspiration has increased by 18 mm. A strong correlation (r = 0.7) was found between river discharge and precipitation, while the correlation between lake surface area and river discharge was moderate to weak (r =0.48). This suggests that a portion of the river's flow may be infiltrating into subsurface layers (soils and rocks) before reaching the lake