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Nomi di strutture ricettive e di ristorazione nel paesaggio linguistico del centro storico di Zara
No full textThis paper analyses the linguistic landscape of the Zadar peninsula, starting from the assumption that the linguistic landscape of the old town, as a frequently visited tourist destination, is driven by tourist demand, and affected by globalization. The research is based on a corpus of 582 photographs collected between June and September 2019. The paper uses a quantitative approach to examine a part of the corpus, i.e., 197 names of accommodation and food service establishments, since it is the category often found to be the most revealing of the attitudes of entrepreneurs towards language choices. This approach aims to determine the distribution and role of foreign languages, as well as the standard and regional Croatian forms, in the chosen context. Due to the long Venetian dominance and the fact that Zadar was part of Italy from 1918 until the Italian capitulation in 1943, particular emphasis is placed on the use of Italian in the linguistic landscape of Zadar’s historical centre.Questo articolo analizza il paesaggio linguistico della penisola di Zara partendo dal presupposto che il suo paesaggio linguistico, essendo una destinazione turistica spesso visitata e influenzata dalla globalizzazione, è adattato alle esigenze turistiche. Per condurre la ricerca, un corpus costituito da 582 insegne pubbliche è stato raccolto fotografando i segni in questione nel periodo da giugno a settembre 2019. Questo lavoro, attraverso un approccio quantitativo, esamina una parte del corpus, cioè un totale di 197 nomi di strutture ricettive e ristorazione. Circa il 54% dei nomi analizzati sono di origine straniera, per lo più inglese. L’uso frequente della lingua inglese all’interno del paesaggio linguistico del centro storico di Zara conferma la visione generalmente accettata dell’inglese come lingua franca moderna. La varietà standard della lingua croata, così come le sue varietà regionali, costituiscono circa il 45% dei nomi, con la sola eccezione dei nomi delle strutture ricettive, dove l’inglese è prevalente a causa del forte orientamento della città al turismo
Il maschile non marcato nella lingua giornalistica della comunità nazionale italiana in Slovenia e Croazia
No full textIn Italy, the language policy promoted by the Italian government has for decades been attempting to change the opaque female representation in positions and professions traditionally held by men. By guiding the use of language, the language policy aims to affect the speakers’ perception of reality and, in the case of professional titles, to contribute to greater equality between the two genders. The present paper investigates to what extent the language of the members of the Italian national community in Slovenia and Croatia, in the context of journalistic information, is susceptible to the use of language and language policies in Italy, concerning the assignment of grammatical gender with reference to female designation. In this regard, research was carried out to analyse journalistic texts produced and intended for the Italian national community in Istria. The results reveal a varied and inconsistent use of grammatical gender, particularly to designate names of positions, titles, and professions, which were, in the past, almost exclusively the domain of men. The comparison with the Italian corpus showed no particular correlations with the usages found in Italian in Istria, with the exception of ministra (‘minister’), where similar values could be observed in the Italian corpus (Zarra 2017) and in the database of Koper Radio and TV. In Italia da decenni la politica linguistica promossa dal Governo italiano si impegna a modificare la rappresentazione femminile opaca nelle cariche e professioni, tradizionalmente esercitate da uomini. Attraverso gli usi della lingua promossi, la politica linguistica si propone di incidere sul modo in cui i parlanti percepiscono la realtà, e nel caso di titoli professionali, di contribuire a una maggiore parità tra i due generi. Il presente contributo indaga il livello di suscettibilità della lingua italiana, utilizzata in ambito giornalistico nei mezzi destinati alla comunità nazionale italiana in Slovenia e in Croazia, alle politiche linguistiche italiane relative all’assegnazione e all’uso del genere grammaticale con il riferimento a designata femminili. A tal proposito è stata svolta una ricerca che ha interessato lo spoglio dei testi giornalistici, prodotti e destinati alla comunità nazionale italiana in Istria, e la loro successiva analisi. Dai risultati emerge un uso variegato e incoerente del genere grammaticale, in particolare per designare nomi di cariche, titoli e professioni, che in passato erano di dominio quasi esclusivo maschile. Il confronto con il corpus Italia non ha mostrato particolari correlazioni con gli usi riscontrati nell’italiano in Istria, per eccezione di ministra, dove si sono potuti osservare valori simili nel corpus Italia (Zarra 2017) e nella banca dati della Radio e TV Capodistria
Regulating the use of generative AI in academic research and publications
No full textGenerative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is a category of AI technology capable of producing various types of content, including text, images, audio, video, 3D models, simulations and synthetic data. Although it has been present for some time, it has been popularised in the recent months due to text and image GenAI tools, such as ChatGPT, Google Bard, LaMDA, BlenderBot, DALL-E, Midjourney, Stable Diffusion, some of which have already received new and upgraded versions.
The main issue for the scholarly research and publications relates to the fact that because of the technology breakthrough the AI tools, based on machine learning models and usually fed with large volumes of data, no longer only assist researchers in recognising patterns and predicting, but also in generating content. This raises questions such as: On a general level, is it acceptable to use the generated content in academic publications? Does the use of such tools in research and publications violate academic honesty? Is a researcher violating another person’s intellectual property right when using these tools?
This paper seeks to answer these questions with the aim of suggesting whether and to what extent there is a need for GenAI to be regulated within the academic institutions or beyond. Additionaly, the paper is aimed at investigating the models for such regulation as there are already some attempts to do so at various academic institutions in the world and many such processes are ongoing
Effects of European Union membership on the bibliometric indicators of Croatia’s research in the field of clinical medicine: a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: After the fall of communism, post-communist Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries struggled to advance to the level of Western European countries of similar sizes, both in quality and quantity of their publication performance. (Gui et al., 2019; Hu & Zhang, 2017; Jurajda et al., 2017) The same may apply to the field of medicine, where CEE countries still function on the basis of individual work and personal connections, with few publications in higher impact journals. (Jovanovic et al., n.d.) Being a researcher in a country with lower research performance has an effect on the extent of publication and the development of international collaborations. (Pina et al., 2019) Entering the European Union has made some difference in that field, as shown in the example of Malta and several other countries. (Makkonen & Mitze, 2016; McMillan et al., 2016)Aim: Our aim is to test the hypothesis that the quantity and quality of publications by Croatian authors in the field of clinical medicine have increased after Croatia’s accession to the EU.Methods: Bibliometric data for publications indexed in Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and Scopus, and authored or co-authored by researchers with Croatian affiliations in clinical medicine were collected via the inbuilt export for two time periods: 2005-2013 and 2014-2022. Additional data will be collected through automated data extraction using Python, WoSAPI and ScopusAPI.The study sample was all publications with a Croatian affiliation indexed in WoSCC (n=113,695) and Scopus (n=122,932) at the time of the data extraction for the period between 2005 and 2022. Minimal sample size with the desired precision of estimate of 0.05 and confidence level of 95% was estimated at 385. However, we aimed to include all publications with a Croatian affiliation in clinical medicine in both databases.A list of all possible names for all types and forms of organizations dealing in clinical medicine was compiled using public domain records and lists, especially the list of registered subjects, provided by the government and public, government-run institutions. Names that shared the same relevant words, such as hospital, were grouped under a single term. Terms were then truncated to include all possible and relevant variants, e.g. hosp* for hospital, hospitals, hospice and hospices. Truncated terms, which included terms with two or more truncated and non-truncated words, were connected using a Boolean operator OR and put in brackets. Brackets were further combined to include only the results with Croatia in the affiliation, retrieving only works with a Croatian affiliation in the field of clinical medicine.The indicators that will be compared are author count, publication count, and citation count. An interrupted time-series analysis will be performed according to the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) Resources for Review Authors. (Cochrane EPOC, 2017) The analysis will calculate pre- and post-intervention (membership in EU) coefficients and change in the slope of the annual value of indices, which may indicate if the intervention observed had an actual impact on possible changes. Additionally, the percentage of journal articles and reviews in all types of publications may indicate an increase in the quality of publications before and after Croatia accession to the EU.Expected results: We expect our analysis to show a positive correlation between the EU membership and quantity and quality of publications by Croatian authors in the field of clinical medicine, regardless of other influencing factors such as funding. We plan to have the results by the end of August 2023.Conclusions: The positive impact of EU membership on a small country’s quantity and perceived quality of publications may help Croatia’s decision-makers when deciding on joining other such communities, as well as decision-makers in similar countries considering EU membership. In addition, it might instigate others to conduct similar studies to see the full impact that formal international relations may have on science and scientific production
Vojna arhitektura Gospića na prijelazu iz 19. u 20. stoljeće
No full textDuring the period of Vojna Krajina, a barracks complex was built in one of the main streets of Gospić, on Kaniška Street. It consisted of three buildings of barracks and three wooden structures. Alongside this complex, the commander’s apartment was also erected, also situated in Kaniška Street, and an officers’ mess hall located in the beginning of Budačka Street. Thanks to the analytical interpretation of the researched documentation of the new buildings in Domobranska Barracks in Gospić from the end of the 19th century, which is partly preserved in the Croatian State Archives in Zagreb, it is possible to reconstruct the course of construction of the main barracks building, changes within the barracks complex in the period preceding the First World War, as well as the changes in the barracs construction that were located in the community. This is the first study of Gospić military architecture from the transition period from the 19th to the 20th century.U jednoj od glavnih gospićkih ulica, Kaniškoj ulici, još u vojnokrajiško doba se smjestio kompleks vojarne koji se sastojao od triju zgrada vojarne te triju drvenih objekata. Uz kompleks vojarne u Gospiću je bio podignut i stan zapovjednika, također u Kaniškoj ulici, te menaža za časnike na početku Budačke ulice. Zahvaljujući analitičkoj interpretaciji istražene dokumentacije o novogradnji Domobranske vojarne u Gospiću s kraja 19. stoljeća, dijelom sačuvane u Hrvatskom državnom arhivu u Zagrebu, može se rekonstruirati tijek izgradnje glavne zgrade vojarne, izmjene unutar kompleksa vojarne iz razdoblja prije Prvoga svjetskog rata, kao i promjene na vojnim gradnjama koje su se nalazile u naselju. Ovo je prvi studijski prikaz vojne arhitekture Gospića iz razdoblja prijelaza iz 19. u 20. stoljeće
Značajan doprinos hrvatskoj obrazovnoj, jezičnoj, književnoj i kulturnoj zajednici
No full textNove smjernice u odgoju i obrazovanju / Znanstveni prinosi Dragutina Rosandića, Zbornik radova znanstveno-stručnog skupa s međunaronim sudjelovanjem, urednica J. BralaMudrovčić, Sveučilište u Zadru, Odjel za nastavničke studije u Gospiću, Gospić, 2017
Pregled stradanja sakralne arhitekture katoličke crkve u Gospićko-senjskoj biskupiji u vrijeme Domovinskog rata
No full textThe sacral architecture of the Catholic Church has been severely exposed to harsh and repeated damages during the Homeland war in Croatia, especially on the occupied areas of The Republic of Croatia. The sacral architecture in Lika region, that is the one on the area of Gospić-Senj Diocese - according to nowadays territorial and administrative structure of the Catholic Church in Croatia - was also severely damaged during the Greater-Serbian Agression, what is evident from the great number of more or less damaged sacral structures. This paper brings an overview of damages of sacral architecture of the Catholic Church in Lika region, as well as the data regarding the time, the methods and the extent of war damages of sacral buildings and monuments.Sakralna arhitektura Katoličke crkve u Domovinskom je ratu pretrpjela brojna oštećenja i bila je izložena teškim i sustavnim razaranjima, osobito na okupiranim područjima Republike Hrvatske. Sakralna arhitektura na području Like, odnosno na području Gospićko-senjske biskupije prema današnjem teritorijalno-administrativnom ustroju Katoličke crkve u Hrvatskoj, također je u tom razdoblju trpjela teške posljedice velikosrpske agresije, o čemu svjedoči velik broj lakše ili teže oštećenih sakralnih objekata. Radom se daje pregled stradanja i razaranja sakralne arhitekture Katoličke crkve na području Like i donose se podatci o vremenu, načinu i razmjerima razaranja crkvenih građevina i spomenika
Novine Ličanin, Hrvat, Srbin i Starčevićanac kao izvori za povijest Like 1886. – 1911.
No full textIn the time immediately after the abolition of the Military Frontier in 1881 and the annexation of this territory to Croatia, the first newspapers appeared on the territory of the former Lika-Krbava County, which was established in 1886. The time after the abolition of the Military Frontier is the time of adjustment to the civilian way of life, after the time when this territory represented a barrier to Turkish incursions into Croatia. In such circumstances, economic and social life were adjusted to the military way of thinking. With the abolition of the Military Frontier on July 15, 1881, it was annexed to the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia as an autonomous province that had the characteristics of statehood within the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen. In the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia as part of Austro-Hungary, which was determined by the Austro-Hungarian Agreement in 1867 and under the rule of Franz Joseph I (1848-1916), the possibility was opened for the creation of counties on that territory, and thus for the Lika – Krbava County. The theme of this paper is a review of the situation in Lika -Krbava County and especially in its center, Gospić, at the transition from the 19th to 20th century. First of all, economic opportunities, but also social and cultural life, ie the conditions in which the first newspapers appear, which are the main source of information for this work.U vremenu neposredno nakon ukidanja Vojne krajine 1881. godine i pripojenja ovoga teritorija Hrvatskoj pojavljuju se prve novine na teritoriju tadašnje Ličkokrbavske županije koja je ustrojena 1886. godine. Vrijeme nakon ukidanja Vojne krajine je vrijeme prilagodbe civilnom načinu života poslije vremena kada je ovaj teritorij predstavljao branu turskim prodorima u Hrvatsku. U takvim okolnostima gospodarske prilike i društveni život bili su prilagođeni vojničkom načinu razmišljanja. Ukidanjem Vojne krajine 15. srpnja 1881. godine ona je pripojena Kraljevini Hrvatskoj i Slavoniji kao autonomnoj pokrajini koja je imala obilježja državnosti u sastavu Zemalja krune sv. Stjepana. U Kraljevini Hrvatskoj i Slavoniji kao dijelu Austro-Ugarske što je određeno Austro-ugarskom nagodbom od 1867. godine i pod vlašću Franje Josipa I. (1848. – 1916.) otvara se mogućnost za stvaranje županija na tom teritoriju, a samim time i Ličko – krbavske županije. Tema ovoga rada je prikaz stanja u Ličko-krbavskoj županiji i posebno u njenom središtu, Gospiću, na prijelazu iz 19. u 20 stoljeće. Prije svega gospodarskih prilika, ali i društvenog i kulturnog života, odnosno uvjeta u kojima se pojavljuju prve novine koje su i glavni izvor informacija za ovaj rad
Gospićka tiskarska i knjižarska djelatnost od razvojačenja Vojne krajine do Drugog svjetskog rata
No full textThe paper presents the chronological development of organized printing and bookkeeping activities during the period from the middle of the second half of the 19th century until the Second World War i.e., the discontinuation of the operation of privately owned Gospić printing houses. Activities began with the arrival of the bookbinding craftsman Juraj Krmpotić from Primorje to Gospić and the opening of the first bookstore along with the provision of bookbinding services as a part of it. A whole decade would pass before the appearance of the first printmaker, Marijan Župan from Senj. His arrival soon opened the way for others, so for a period of more than half a century in Gospić there would always be at least two, and at certain points three well-organized printing houses with trained typographers, as well as capable and fast stackers. In addition to printing, printing houses bound books, and there were also separate bookstores. At the beginning of the 20th century the newcomer Matej Maksimović introduced a novelty on the market by creating a company that combined all the aforementioned services, thus beating his competition. All Gospić printing houses survived the First World War and preserved their printing houses and continued to work in the newly created state of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, in which they were joined by the new printing house Kolačević. Thanks to the role of Gospić in the interwar period as the administrative centre of the Lika area, with its steady gradual development, there was enough work for all printing houses and bookstores. Unfortunately, unlike the First World War, the consequences of the Second World War led to the collapse of the printing and book business in Gospić in the form in which it had existed continuously for more than sixty years.U radu se kronološki prikazuje razvoj organizirane tiskarske i knjižarske djelatnosti kroz razdoblje od sredine druge polovice 19. stoljeća, pa do Drugog svjetskog rata odnosno prestanka djelatnosti gospićkih tiskara u privatnom vlasništvu. Početci djelatnosti javljaju se dolaskom knjigoveškog obrtnika Juraja Krmpotića iz Primorja u Gospić i otvaranjem prve knjižare s knjigoveškim uslugama. Do pojave prvog tiskara, Senjanina Marijana Župana proći će cijelo desetljeće, ali njegov je dolazak uskoro otvorio put ostalima te će tijekom više od pola stoljeća u Gospiću istodobno djelovati najmanje dvije, a u nekim trenutcima i tri dobro organizirane tiskare sa školovanim tipografima i slagarima. Osim tiskanja, tiskare su se bavile uvezivanjem knjiga, a zasebno su djelovale i knjižare. Početkom 20. stoljeća, također došljak, Matej Maksimović unio je novost na lokalnom tržištu osnivanjem tvrtke koja je objedinjavala sve navedene usluge. Svi gospićki tiskari preživjeli su Prvi svjetski rat i očuvali su svoje tiskare nastavljajući s radom u novostvorenoj Kraljevini SHS u kojoj im se pridružila i tiskara Kolačević. Zahvaljujući ulozi Gospića u međuratnom razdoblju kao administrativnog središta ličkog područja te njegovom usporenom, ali ipak kontinuiranom razvoju, posla je bilo dovoljno za sve obrtnike ove struke. Posljedice Drugog svjetskog rata dovele su do kraha tiskarske i knjižarske djelatnosti u Gospiću u onom obliku kakva je neprekidno postojala više od šezdeset godina
Geopolitički aspekt vatikanske politike: slučaj prostorne organizacije biskupija u Bosni i Hercegovini
No full textThe article presents a review of diocesan spatial organization in Bosnia and Herzegovina by placing it, in a narrow sense, in the context of geopolitical consideration. In the broader sense, observing it from the aspect of the role of the Vatican state and the Catholic Church in the geopolitical configuration of the Balkans, the article contextualizes this spatial organization in relation to the wider regional and European context. In theoretical sense, the article delves into theoretical aspects of political geography and geography of religion. In the methodological sense, the article initially explains the historical context of the emergence of diocesan spatial organization in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition, based on census data, the article researches and cartographically interprets the discrepancies between diocesan borders and areas inhabited by Croats as the only predominantly Catholic constituent people in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Finally, the article confirms the hypothesis that, unlike the ethnic-based approach, the geopolitical approach is crucial in the spatial organization of the Catholic Church in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Članak donosi pregled prostorne organizacije biskupijskog uređenja u Bosni i Hercegovini stavljajući ga, u užem smislu, u kontekst geopolitičkih razmatranja. U širem smislu, promatrajući ga s aspekta uloge Vatikana i Katoličke Crkve u geopolitičkoj konfiguraciji Balkana, članak kontekstualizira ovo prostorno uređenje u odnosu na širi regionalni i europski kontekst. U teorijskom smislu, članak zadire u teorijske aspekte političke geografije i geografije religije. U metodološkom smislu, članak inicijalno objašnjava povijesni kontekst nastanka prostorne organizacije biskupija u Bosni i Hercegovini. Nadalje, na temelju podataka iz popisa stanovništva, članak istražuje i kartografski interpretira odstupanja između granica biskupija i prostora naseljenima Hrvatima kao jedinim većinski katoličkim konstitutivnim narodom u Bosni i Hercegovini. Konačno, članak potvrđuje hipotezu prema kojoj je, za razliku od etničkog pristupa, geopolitički pristup bio presudan u prostornoj organizaciji Katoličke Crkve u Bosni i Hercegovini