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An Aesthetic Approach to Kitsch and Art
No full textCilj je ovog istraživanja analiziranje umjetničkog fenomena predstavljanjem njegove povijesne uloge, isticanjem vrijednosne strukture koju utjelovljuje, preispitivanjem potrebe za umjetnosti te analiziranjem stvaralačkog procesa u opoziciji s produkcijom kiča. Problematizirani su pojmovi suda i ukusa te poetičke razlike između kiča i umjetnosti zaključno s njihovom razinom kontemplatibilnosti. U konačnici se otvara etička problematika. Rezultat ovog rada nalazi se u pokazivanju jasne distinkcije vrijednosti umjetnosti i njezina devijantnog oblika – kiča.The aim of this research is analyse the artistic phenomenon by presenting its historical role, emphasisig the value structure it emobodies, questioning the need for artwork and by analising the creative process opposed to the kitsch production. The concepts of judgement and taste are also problematised, as well as poetic differences between art and kitch. All is concluded with their seperate level of contemplatibility. In the end, the etical discussion is opened. The result is accomplisching clear distinction between authentic art value and its deviant form – kitsch
Obrazovanje za održivi razvoj – priručnik za učitelje i nastavnike
No full textAutori: Diana Garašić, Mirela Sertić Perić, Borjanka SmojverIzdavač: Školska knjiga, d. d., Zagreb, 2023., 223, ISBN 978-953-0-51734-
Na tragu Majstora valbandonskog pluteja
No full textFragments of the chancel screen from an unknown titular saint’s church in Valbandon near Pula present one of the most intriguing fragments within the corpus of Istrian pre Romanesque sculpture, both in terms of iconography and function. Of particular interest is the panel that was once positioned on the left side of the screen, as there are opposing opinions among researchers regarding its composition. No direct analogies have been identified so far, and the remaining parts of the chancel screen do not relate to fragments of stone furnishing from other locations, leading to the assumption that it was the only project of a not highly skilled local stonemason. This paper, however, identifies specific details that attribute this panel to the Master of Valbandon. Also, by comparing these reliefs with liturgical sculpture from several other churches, a connection with a specific workshop has been established. An analysis of motifs used on these sculptures, suggests connections with the masters working along the entire eastern Adriatic coast during the late 8th and early 9th centuries. The study enhances previous hypotheses and contributes with new insights to our understanding of the Valbandon group as well as the broader image of pre Romanesque stonemasonry production in Istria and in the wider Eastern Adriatic area.Dijelovi oltarne ograde iz crkve nepoznatog titulara u Valbandonu kraj Pule čine jednu od ikonografski i izvedbeno najzanimljivijih cjelina unutar korpusa istarske predromaničke skulpture. Osobito je zanimljiv plutej koji se nalazio s lijeve strane oltarne ograde, o čijoj kompoziciji postoje oprečna mišljenja istraživača. Izravne analogije tomu pluteju dosad nisu pronađene, a ni preostali dijelovi oltarne ograde nisu dovedeni u vezu s ulomcima kamenog namještaja s drugih lokaliteta, zbog čega se pretpostavljalo da je riječ o jedinoj realizaciji ne baš vještog lokalnog klesara. U ovom su radu identificirani specifični izvedbeni detalji po kojima je prepoznat rukopis valbandonskog majstora, a usporedbom tih reljefa s dijelovima liturgijske skulpture iz nekolicine drugih crkava utvrđena je njegova pripadnost određenom radioničkom krugu. Analiza motiva korištenih na tim lokalitetima uputila je na njihovu povezanost s majstorima koji su u kasnom 8. i početkom 9. stoljeća djelovali duž čitave istočne obale Jadrana. U ovom ćemo radu prije iznesenim tezama pridružiti i neka nova zapažanja, s ciljem boljeg poznavanja ne samo valbandonske skupine ulomaka već i upotpunjavanja ukupne slike obrtničko-klesarske produkcije poluotoka, ali i šireg istočnojadranskog prostora u razdoblju predromanike
Turistički kampovi i montažni objekti zagrebačkog Jugomonta u Istri i na Kvarneru pedesetih i šezdesetih godina 20. stoljeća
No full textAfter World War II, tourism emerged as an integral component of planned economic and social development in socialist Yugoslavia. Introduction of guaranteed annual leave in 1946 prompted the state to facilitate accessible tourist accommodation. Tourist camps proliferated throughout Yugoslavia, particularly along the Adriatic coast, as a rapid and economical model for providing mass accommodation. In 1955, Croatia took the lead among Yugoslav republics in regulating campsite construction through the Law on Tourist Camping, specifying the type of terrain, accommodation standards, and technical requirements. Prefabricated housing systems were produced by the domestic wood industry, as well as the Jugomont factory in Zagreb, a manufacturer of panel prefabrication systems for mass housing. In 1961 and 1962, Jugomont delivered around two hundred prefabricated concrete panel structures to locations such as the island of Krk, Crikvenica, Mali Lošinj, and Poreč. The buildings were designed by Jugomont’s architects involved in advancing construction systems and technology. Construction of campsites became an important task and a much-discussed topic among the professionals. Nevertheless, Jugomont discontinued the production of prefabricated structures for tourism despite high demand, due to the unprofitability of further improving the technology of tourist accommodation.Nakon Drugog svjetskog rata turizam je u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji dio planskog gospodarskog i društvenog razvoja. Uvođenjem zajamčenog godišnjeg odmora 1946. godine država se obvezala ugostiteljsko-turistički smještaj učiniti dostupnim. Kao poželjan model brzog i jeftinog masovnog smještaja prepoznati su turistički kampovi koji se grade u cijeloj Jugoslaviji, a poglavito na Jadranu. Izgradnju kampova prva je regulirala Hrvatska 1955. godine Zakonom o turističkom logorovanju koji je propisao vrstu terena, smještaja i tehničke opreme. Montažne objekte za smještaj proizvodi domaća drvna industrija, ali i zagrebačka tvornica Jugomont, proizvođač sustava panelne prefabrikacije namijenjene masovnoj stanogradnji. Jugomont 1961. i 1962. godine realizira i dvjestotinjak montažnih objekata od betonskih panela na otoku Krku, Crikvenici, Malom Lošinju i Poreču. Objekte projektiraju Jugomontovi arhitekti uključeni u razvoj sustava i tehnologije građenja. Izgradnja kampova postaje važan projektni zadatak i strukovna tema. Usprkos potražnji tržišta Jugomont je odustao od montažnih objekata namijenjenih turizmu zbog nemogućnosti i neisplativosti daljnjeg unapređivanja tehnologije turističkog smještaja
Teaching in Croatia From 1874 to 1918. Characteristics, Aspirations, Development of the Profession, and Social Circumstances
No full textU radu se povijesnim, teorijsko-komparativnim i hermeneutičkim metodološkim pristupom kritički opisuju, analiziraju, sistematiziraju i rekapituliraju obilježja, aspiracije i razvoj učiteljstva i školstva u kontekstu društvenih okolnosti u Hrvatskoj od donošenja Prvoga školskog zakona 1874. do kraja Prvoga svjetskog rata 1918. godine. Pokazalo se kako su u tom periodu gospodarske, društvene, političke i kulturne okolnosti bile nepogodne za ondašnje hrvatsko društvo, ali i učiteljstvo. Unatoč tomu, ban Ivan Mažuranić progresivno je reformirao pojedine segmente državnog sustava. Posebno se isticao razvoj školstva i učiteljstva za koji su se zalagali napredni učitelji na čelu s Ivanom Filipovićem. Oformljene su učiteljske udruge, a posebno su se isticale: Učiteljska zadruga, Savez hrvatskih učiteljskih društava i Hrvatski pedagoško-književni zbor. Donesen je progresivni školski zakon 1874. godine kojim je unaprijeđeno hrvatsko školstvo i učiteljstvo, ali je već 1888. zamijenjen konzervativnijim školskim zakonom. Osnovani su i prvi učiteljski časopisi te etablirana suradnja s inozemnim učiteljstvom. Moguće je rekapitulirati kako je ondašnje hrvatsko učiteljstvo i školstvo, unatoč znatnim društvenim, političkim i gospodarskim nepogodnostima, bilo organizirano i napredno i u Hrvatskoj i u inozemnim okvirima čemu je i težilo.Using a historical, theoretical comparative and hermeneutic methodological approach, this paper critically describes, analyses, systematises and recapitulates the characteristics, aspirations and development of teaching and schooling in the context of social circumstances in Croatia from the adoption of the First Education Act in 1874 until the end of the First World War in 1918. It is clear that in that period, the economic, social, political and cultural circumstances were unfavourable both for the Croatian society and the teaching profession. Despite this, Ban Ivan Mažuranić progressively reformed certain segments of the state system. The development of education and teaching stood out, advocated by forward-looking teachers around Ivan Filipović. Teachers’ associations were formed, and some of the most significant ones were the Teachers’ Association, the Union of Croatian Teachers’ Societies and the Croatian Pedagogical and Literary Choir. A progressive school law was passed in 1874, which improved Croatian education and teaching. However, it was replaced by a more conservative school law in 1888. First teachers’ journals were launched and cooperation with teachers from abroad was established. It is possible to recapitulate how well organized and advanced Croatian teaching and schooling was at that time, both in Croatia and abroad, despite significant social, political and economic disadvantages, achieving its main goal
Identitetske dinamike u procesima repatrijacije
No full textL’esperienza migratoria sottopone l’individuo a forti cambiamenti che fanno emergere identità ibride. In quest’ottica la presente ricerca indaga le motivazioni migratorie, l’esperienza critica e l’effetto del periodo di vita sulla percezione identitaria di otto partecipanti rimpatriati dopo molti anni trascorsi in Italia. Grazie all’intervista semistrutturata i partecipanti hanno potuto (ri)costruire la propria esperienza servendosi della narrazione orale. Le interviste sono state trascritte ed analizzate in maniera qualitativa, con la tecnica dell’analisi del contenuto.Migratory flows have become a common practice in our modern society. They include a series of linguistic, social and cultural phenomena that transcend national borders due to various technological and geopolitical advancements (Garcia e Wei 2014; Canagarajah, 2017). Identity is a dynamic phenomenon whose formation and subsequent (re)shaping depends on a variety of societal conditions. It is therefore flexible since the processes of the individual’s self-identification as well as the identification with other members of the society never seem to stop (Jenkins, 2008). When immerged into migratory experiences, identities are subject to profound alterations which consequently lead to the emergence of hybrid identities (Pavlenko e Blackledge 2004). In attempting to grasp the complexity of migratory experience, Faist (2000) and Castles and Miller (2003) proposed the multi-level migration systems theory which consists of three intertwined and constantly overlapping levels. The macro level takes into account the global perspective of a receiving country along with all of its political, economic and cultural opportunities. In contrast with global outlook, the micro level considers an individual’s personal expectations in a foreign country. Finally, the meso level refers to social, symbolic and transactional networks which intercede among the first two levels (Block, 2006). Considering the dynamic nature of identity, the aim of the present research was threefold as it aimed to investigate the migratory motivations, the critical experiences and the effect of the migration during an individual’s formative years on his or her self-identification. Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) The macro, meso, and micro levels of the multi-level migration system theory will undergo changes in the participants who have experienced the double migration; (2) Critical experiences will provoke destabilisation of the identities of the repatriated participants; (3) Participants who have spent a part of their formative years in Italy will have a hybrid perception of their identity and those who migrated in adulthood will manifest less fluctuating identity dynamics. The eight participants of this qualitative research repatriated in Croatia after a prolonged stay in Italy and their identity (re)constructions have been investigated with semi-structured interviews which served as guidance in the formation of their life stories. The transcripts of their oral narratives have been examined with the content analysis method. The obtained results indicate that the macro level never altered despite the double migratory experience, while micro and meso levels were subjected to significant changes. Therefore, the first hypothesis was partially confirmed. The second hypothesis was confirmed since all the participants had critical experiences which provoked a sort of destabilisation of their identities. Finally, in verifying the third hypothesis, we established that identities of all the participants who migrated in adulthood were tied solely to the country in which they spent their formative years while two out of three participants who have spent a part of their formative years in Italy have a double identity. This research suggests a possible existence of an even greater impact of migration when moving during the formative years and indicates a strong role of the language in identity (re)modelling.Iskustvo migracija pojedince suočava s brojnim promjenama koje često dovode do stvaranja hibridnih identiteta. U tom je kontekstu cilj ovoga istraživanja bio trostruk: uzroci migracija, kritički period i utjecaj životnog razdoblja provedenog u migraciji na percepciju identiteta. U istraživanju koje je provedeno putem polustrukturiranih intervjua koji sudionicima omogućavaju da kroz narative rekonstruiraju vlastito iskustvo migracija sudjelovalo je osam ispitanika koji su se nakon dužeg niza godina provedenih u Italiji, vratili u Hrvatsku. Transkribirani su intervjui analizirani kvalitativnim pristupom metodom analize sadržaja. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na mogućnost postojanja jačeg utjecaja migracija pri selidbi tijekom formativnih godina, kao i na snažnu ulogu jezika u (re)modeliranju identiteta
O povijesti Ličke pukovnije
No full textJoso Vrkljan, Lička pukovnija kroz povijestVeleučilište Nikola Tesla i Ogranak Matice hrvatske Gospić,Gospić, 2022
Graphemic-Phonemic Relations in the Text of the FojnicaChronicle (XVII Century): With Special Reference to theDifferences and Similarities According to the Texts of theFranciscan Writing Activity of the 17th and 18th Centuries
No full textRad se bavi grafemsko-fonemskim odnosima u Fojničkoj kronici s posebnim osvrtom na razlike i sličnosti prema tekstovima franjevačke spisateljske djelatnosti 17. i 18. stoljeća. Najprije se navode oni grafemi koji u Fojničkoj kronici uvijek označavaju isti fonem. Poseban naglasak stavlja se na prikaz pisanja nekih fonema koji se obilježavaju s dva grafema odnosno, u nekim slučajevima, pisanja istim grafemom nekoliko različitih fonema. Tako je vidljivo da se đervom označavaju fonemi /ć/ i /đ/ te da đerv u kombinaciji sa slovima l i n označava palatalne foneme /ļ/ i /ń/. Istim se grafemom obilježavaju fonemi /č/ i /ǯ/. Za obilježavanje fonema /k/ i /o/ upotrebljavaju se po dva grafema, s tim da postoje određena distribucijska pravila njihove uporabe. Glasovna skupina /št/ označava se jednim slovom. Uz vokalno /ŗ/ redovito se pojavljuje popratno slovo a, a fonem /j/ se označava grafemom za jat. Sve navedene osobitosti uspoređuju se sa stanjem kod nekih franjevačkih pisaca iz 17. i 18. stoljeća. Predmet interesa rada nisu samo pisci koji su objavljivali hrvatskom ćirilicom, nego i neki čija su djela objavljena latinicom jer je očit utjecaj latiničnih grafijskih pravila u označavanju nekih fonema u hrvatskoj ćirilici.This paper analyzes the graphemic-phonemic relationships in the Fojnica Chronicle, focusing on the differences and similarities in comparison to the texts of the Franciscan writing activity of the 17th and 18th centuries. First, graphemes that consistently denote the same phoneme in the Fojnica Chronicle are listed. Special emphasis is placed on the representation of certain phonemes marked with two graphemes, or, in some cases, the use of the same grapheme for several different phonemes. For example, the phonemes /ć/ and /đ/ are indicated by the jerv, and the jerv, in combination with the letters l and n, indicates the palatal phonemes /ļ/ and /ń/. The phonemes /č/ and /ǯ/ are marked with the same grapheme. Two graphemes are used to mark the phonemes /k/ and /o/, each with specific distributional rules for their use. The consonant cluster /št/ is denoted by a single letter. The accompanying letter a regularly appears with the vocal ŗ/, and the phoneme /j/ is denoted by the grapheme for jat. All the mentioned peculiarities are compared with the practices of some Franciscan writers from the 17th and 18th centuries. The study examines not only writers who published in Croatian Cyrillic but also those whose works were published in Latin, as the influence of Latin graphic rules on marking some phonemes in Croatian Cyrillic is evident
Rezultati novih istraživanja na rtu Ljubljana u Ljupču kod ZadraResults of recent excavations on Cape Ljubljana in Ljubač near ZadarResults of recent excavations on Cape Ljubljana in Ljubač near ZadarResults of recent excavations on Cape Ljubljana in Ljubač near Zadar
No full textRad donosi pregled rezultata arheoloških iskopavanja na rtu Ljubljana koji su se tijekom 2022. godine odvijali u sklopu terenske nastave Odjela za arheologiju Sveučilišta u Zadru.The paper provides an overview of the results of archaeological excavations on the Cape of Ljubljana, which took place during 2022 as part of the field classes of the Department of Archeology of the University of Zadar