Journals Published by Vilnius Tech
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Analyzing rental time and pricing trends before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Get PDFThis study examines the dynamics of rental time on market (TOM) for residential properties in Szczecin, Poland, from 2016 to 2023. Using data from the regional MLS system administered by the West Pomeranian Association of Realtors (ZSPON), the analysis spans four distinct periods: pre-pandemic (2016–2019), pandemic onset (2020), transitional recovery (2021), and post-pandemic normalization (2022–2023). The study investigates two primary hypotheses: (H1) TOM differs significantly across pandemic phases; and (H2) TOM is correlated with rental price levels. Employing Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and General Linear Modeling (GLM), the results confirm both hypotheses. TOM increased sharply during early pandemic phases and decreased in subsequent years, though not returning to pre-pandemic levels. Additionally, listings with mid-range prices consistently showed the shortest TOM, while overpriced and underpriced listings were associated with longer market exposure. The findings contribute to the understanding of how external shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, induce both temporary and persistent changes in rental market behavior. The study also offers practical implications for real estate professionals, suggesting that TOM-based modeling can enhance pricing and listing strategies, particularly during periods of uncertainty or recovery
Multi-criteria decision analysis of Circular Economy performance in the Baltic States: a comparative evaluation
Get PDFThis study embarks on a comparative evaluation of Circular Economy (CE) performance in the Baltic States (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) using a robust multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework. Drawing on 22 key indicators, the research applies the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to systematically rank the country-level CE implementation across five thematic dimensions: production and consumption, waste management, secondary raw materials, competitiveness and innovation, and global sustainability. The results reveal that Latvia ranks highest, followed by Lithuania and Estonia, underscoring significant differences in waste management efficiency, investment in CE sectors, and material self-sufficiency. The main contribution of this paper lies in the development of a comprehensive, quantitative benchmarking framework that integrates multiple CE indicators and MCDM methods to assess national performance in a data-driven manner. The methodology developed here can serve as a replicable model for CE assessment in other regional or national contexts
How does digital transformation moderate the link between ESG ratings and financial constraints?
Get PDFThis research aims to examine the moderating role of digital transformation in the link between ESG ratings and financing constraints faced by firms. A sample is a dataset consisting of 4255 listed companies operating in China from 2012 to 2022. The results showed that higher ESG ratings contribute to reducing financing constraints and that digital transformation positively enhances this relationship. In addition, the results also reveal that long-term ESG ratings contribute more effectively to reducing financing constraints. This study provides guidance for managers to practice ESG practices in the long term and insights for firms to find solutions to financing dilemmas. This study’s originality lies in demonstrating that higher ESG ratings alleviate financing constraints, with digital transformation enhancing this effect, providing novel insights into the interplay between sustainability efforts and technological advancement in corporate finance. The findings offer valuable implications for firms integrating ESG practices and digital strategies to optimize financial performance
Prediction of cost contingency in construction projects by introducing machine learning algorithms
Get PDFConstruction projects are bound by uncertainties and changes by its nature. Thus, cost contingency needs to be allocated to construction project budget to cope with any deviation of actual costs from planned ones. However, existing methods for predicting cost contingencies, as studied and practiced, still present limitations in reliability and accuracy. Machine learning (ML) has gained popularity for enhancing prediction power in various fields. The paper aims to examine various ML algorithms to implement a cost contingency prediction model, employing both continuous and categorical predictor variables. To develop the model, construction transportation project datasets, which were bid between 2013‒2017, were collected from the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) website. To address imbalanced regression dataset issues, the synthetic minority over-sampling technique for regression with Gaussian noise (SMOGN) algorithm is introduced. ML random forest (RF) regression associated with random search hyperparameter optimization, achieved remarkably accurate predictions compared to extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) regression and artificial neural network (ANN) models. The results also demonstrate that four parameters are significant factors in predicting construction cost contingency: project amount, project duration, and latitude and longitude factors. These findings provide new insights for researchers in developing models and for practitioners seeking more advanced method
Landscape change and perception along historical railway: the case of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway, China
Get PDFAgainst the background of environmental change, this study investigates the relationship between landscape changes and perceptions along the historical railway using a combination of Historical Geographic Information Systems (HGIS) and Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). After quantifying the changes by GIS, the research aims to understand how different types of landscape changes affect physical, psychological, and cultural perceptions among locals. By integrating historical maps with remote sensing data and questionnaire, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of landscape evolution over time. The findings reveal that cropland and urban areas both showed significant increases along the railway; forest and water body both decreased over 70 years. The presence of forest change led to significant cultural perceptions and cropland change influenced the psychological perceptions of landscape. This research contributes to the understanding of the interplay between landscape change and human perception, offering valuable insights for sustainable landscape management and heritage conservation
Does environmental decentralization promote green technology innovation? —Empirical evidence based on River Chief System
Get PDFBased on the River Chief System policy characterized by Environmental Decentralization, a double difference model was used to empirically test the impact of Environmental Decentralization on Green Technology Innovation using panel data from 283 cities in China from 2005 to 2022. Research has found that there is a significant positive impact between Environmental Decentralization and Green Technology Innovation. Furthermore, the introduction of the spatial double difference model verifies the significant positive spatial spillover effect of Green Technology Innovation. Robustness testing is also conducted through a series of methods, such as replacing explanatory variables, to confirm the robustness and credibility of the results
Creation of a better technological environment in the industrial enterprises
Get PDFIn a fast-changing world, industrial companies have less and less time to find, introduce and implement new ideas, so to keep up with competitors, it is necessary to constantly monitor the external and internal technological and organizational environment of companies, constantly improve processes and properly prepare employees. As the companies starts grow and get bigger profits, top-level leaders start to distance themselves a little from the processes and technological base problems, improvements in the enterprise, this attitude leads to the company stagnation. In order to avoid this and to ensure effective problem solving and enterprise improvements, it needs to create an internal environment improvement model for industrial companies. This article examines the creation of a more perfect technological environment in Lithuanian industrial companies, the factors which influence the improvement of the environment and ways of improvement, described technological environment definition, the employees behaviour towards changes in the company, also article present the methodology for the research, results and the simple (not detailed) model for the improvement of the technological and administrative environment.
Article in English.
Tobulesnės technologinės aplinkos kūrimas pramonės įmonėse
Santrauka
Sparčiai kintančiame pasaulyje pramonės įmonės turi vis mažiau laiko naujoms idėjoms generuoti, pristatyti ir įgyvendinti. Norint neatsilikti nuo konkurentų, būtina nuolat stebėti išorinę ir vidinę įmonių technologinę bei organizacinę aplinką, nuolat tobulinti procesus ir tinkamai parengti darbuotojus naujovėms. Įmonėms augant ir gaunant didesnį pelną, aukščiausio lygio vadovai neretai ima po truputį tolti nuo procesų valdymo technologinės bazės problemų sprendimo ir veiklos tobulinimo, o toks požiūris veda į įmonės stagnaciją. Siekiant to išvengti ir užtikrinti efektyvų problemų sprendimą bei įmonės vystymąsi, reikia sukurti pramonės įmonių vidinės aplinkos gerinimo modelį. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas pažangesnės technologinės aplinkos kūrimas Lietuvos pramonės įmonėse, aptariami aplinkos gerinimą lemiantys veiksniai ir tobulinimo būdai, pateikiamas technologinės aplinkos apibrėžimas, darbuotojų reakcija į pokyčius organizacijoje, pristatoma technologinės ir administracinės aplinkos tobulinimo metodika, tyrimo rezultatai bei supaprastintas įmonės aplinkos tobulinimo modelis.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: technologinė aplinka, pramonės įmonės, tobulinimas, pokyčiai, procesas, įmonė, pramonė, darbuotojų pasipriešinimas, įgyvendinimas, gamyba
Analysis of the structural parameters of engineered wood
Get PDFThis study hypothesises that the tensile strength of wood-duroplastic composites (WDPC) is influenced by wood waste particle size and shape. The research investigated whether variations in the structural composition of wood waste particles have a significant impact on the properties of composite materials. The analysis of the three types of wood waste—door production, packaging, and demolition waste—was conducted following mechanical and chemical treatment. The characterisation of particles was conducted through granulometric analysis and morphological evaluation using ImageJ software. Composite samples were then developed using biopolyurethane binders. Tensile strength tests were conducted after 30 days of curing. The findings of the present study indicated that the morphology of the particles, especially their aspect ratio and circularity, had a significant impact on the strength of the composite materials. Despite their comparatively greater density, attributable to their aluminium content, samples of door waste did not demonstrate superior tensile strength. The present study makes a contribution to the field of sustainable waste reuse strategies and presents practical insights into the development of engineered wood products.
Article in English.
Dirbtinės medienos struktūrinių parametrų analizė
Santrauka
Šio tyrimo hipotezė teigia, kad medienos duroplastiko (WDPC) kompozitų tempiamasis stipris priklauso nuo medienos atliekų dalelių dydžio ir formos. Tyrime buvo nagrinėjama, ar skirtinga medienos atliekų dalelių struktūrinė sudėtis veikia kompozitinių medžiagų savybes. Buvo tiriamos trijų tipų medienos atliekos – durų gamybos, pakavimo pramonės bei baldų ir statybos pramonės atliekos – analizę atliekant po mechaninio ir termocheminio atliekų apdorojimo. Dalelėms charakterizuoti buvo nustatinėjama granuliometrinė sudėtis bei kiekvienos rūšies ir frakcijos medienos atliekų dalelių forma, vertinimui naudojant ImageJ programinę įrangą. Atlikus medienos atliekų dalelių analizę, naudojant biopoliuretaninį rišiklį, suformuoti kompozitinės medžiagos bandiniai. Bandiniai 30 dienų buvo kietinami ir vėliau atlikti bandymai nustatant tempiamąjį stiprį. Nustatytas reikšmingas ryšys tarp kompozitą sudarančių dalelių morfologinių parametrų, ypač AR (aspect ratio), apskritumo ir stipruminių savybių. Nepaisant to, kad bandiniai iš durų gamybos atliekų turėjo didesnį tankį dėl sudėtyje buvusių aliuminio dalelių, tempiamojo stiprio rezultatai reikšmingai nesiskyrė. Šis tyrimas prisideda prie tvaraus atliekų naudojimo strategijų kūrimo, taip pat jame pateikiamos praktinės įžvalgos, susijusios su dirbtinės medienos gaminių kūrimu.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: medienos atliekos, medienos duroplastiko kompozitas, tempiamasis stipris, dalelių morfologija, cheminis apdorojimas, biopoliuretanas, tvarumas, granuliometrija, atliekų perdirbimas, žiedinė ekonomika
Reverse logistics as a means of reducing the ecological footprint
Get PDFRapid technological development and related global challenges encourage the industrial sector to seek innovative solutions that would allow it to adapt to increasingly stringent environmental requirements and, at the same time, ensure the sustainability of its operations. Research shows that the industrial sector is experiencing the most significant impact due to growing requirements to reduce negative environmental impacts; therefore, the need to implement environmentally friendly processes is increasing. One of the most promising directions in this area is the integration of reverse logistics into the supply chains of industrial enterprises. Reverse logistics creates the prerequisites for reducing the ecological footprint, rational use of natural esources, reducing waste disposed of in landfills, and optimising energy costs. This article aims to analyse the possibilities of applying reverse logistics and its contribution to reducing the ecological footprint of different industrial sectors. The study is based on a systematic analysis of scientific literature and secondary data. The results of the study can be significant in shaping sustainable industrial policies and helping companies make strategic decisions related to the use of secondary raw materials, waste reduction and management of return product flows. The results of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis comparing forward and reverse logistics processes showed that the application of reverse logistics has the potential to improve environmental performance. By modeling different situations, it was determined that reverse logistics is more efficient from an environmental point of view than traditional direct logistics.
Article in English.
Reversinė logistika kaip ekologinio pėdsako mažinimo priemonė
Santrauka
Sparti technologinė plėtra ir su ja susiję pasauliniai iššūkiai skatina pramonės sektorių ieškoti novatoriškų sprendimų, kurie padėtų prisitaikyti prie aukštų aplinkosaugos standartų ir užtikrinti veiklos tvarumą. Tyrimai rodo, kad aplinkosauginiai reikalavimai verčia pramonės sektorių pereiti prie tvaresnių procesų diegimo. Viena perspektyviausių krypčių šioje srityje yra reversinės logistikos integravimas į pramonės įmonių tiekimo grandines. Reversinė logistika sudaro prielaidas mažinti ekologinį pėdsaką, racionaliau naudoti gamtos išteklius, mažinti į sąvartynus patenkančių atliekų kiekį ir optimizuoti energijos sąnaudas. Šio tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti reversinės logistikos taikymo galimybes ir jos indėlį mažinant įvairių pramonės sektorių ekologinį pėdsaką. Tyrimas grindžiamas sistemine mokslinės literatūros ir antrinių duomenų analize. Gauti rezultatai gali būti reikšmingi formuojant tvarią pramonės politiką ir padedant įmonėms priimti strateginius sprendimus, susijusius su antrinių žaliavų naudojimu, atliekų mažinimu ir grįžtamųjų produktų srautų valdymu. Gyvavimo ciklo vertinimo (LCA) analizė, kurioje lyginami tiesioginės ir reversinės logistikos procesai, atskleidė, kad reversinės logistikos taikymas gali pagerinti aplinkosauginius rodiklius. Modeliuojant įvairius scenarijus nustatyta, kad reversinė logistika aplinkosauginiu požiūriu yra efektyvesnė nei tradicinė tiesioginė logistika.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: atvirkštinė logistika, ekologinis pėdsakas, situacijų modeliavimas, pramonė, gyvavimo ciklo analizė
The influence of the human factor in decision-making in cyber security exercises
No full textCybersecurity is an interdisciplinary field that encompasses aspects of information technology, forensics, incident management, and the human factor. In cyber security, decision-making is influenced by the specialist’s technical knowledge, competencies, and professional experience. However, decisions made in extreme and complex situations are influenced by emotions, motivation, social skills, and cognitive abilities. Therefore, this paper investigated the human factor influencing decision-making of participants in cyber security exercises, and proposed a multidimensional decision-making framework. A study conducted by analyzing the data of the cyber security exercise “Amber Mist” showed that an integrated assessment of technical competencies and the human factor allows for a more accurate determination of the decision-making of a cyber security specialist and its prediction. It was determined that when analyzing decision-making in cyber security exercises, it is necessary to take the human factor into account. The results of the study can be used to improve methodologies and programs for training cyber security specialists.
Article in Lithuanian.
Žmogiškojo faktoriaus įtaka priimant sprendimus kibernetinės saugos pratybose
Santrauka
Kibernetinė sauga – tai tarpdisciplininė sritis, apimanti informacinių technologijų, kriminalistikos, incidentų valdymo aspektus bei žmogiškąjį faktorių. Kibernetinėje saugoje sprendimų priėmimą veikia specialisto techninės žinios, kompetencijos, profesinės veiklos patirtis. Tačiau ekstremaliose bei sudėtingose situacijose priimamus sprendimus veikia emocijos, motyvacija, socialiniai įgūdžiai, kognityviniai gebėjimai. Todėl šiame darbe buvo tiriamas žmogiškasis faktorius, darantis įtaką kibernetinės saugos pratybų dalyvių sprendimų priėmimui, ir pasiūlytas daugiamatis sprendimo priėmimo karkasas. Atliktas tyrimas analizuojant kibernetinių saugos pratybų „Gintarinė migla“ duomenis parodė, jog integruotas techninių kompetencijų ir žmogiškojo faktoriaus vertinimas leidžia tiksliau nustatyti kibernetinio saugumo specialisto sprendimų priėmimą ir jį prognozuoti. Nustatyta, kad analizuojant sprendimų priėmimą kibernetinės saugos pratybose būtina atsižvelgti į žmogiškąjį faktorių. Tyrimo rezultatai gali būti naudojami tobulinant kibernetinės saugos specialistų rengimo metodologijas ir programas.
Reikšminiai žodžiai: kibernetinės saugos pratybos, žmogiškasis faktorius, sprendimų priėmimas