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Vegetarianizmus – táplálkozásnéprajzi szempontból: Egy család vegetáriánus táplálkozása (Esettanulmány)
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Átrajzolt balladahősök: Arany-balladák újraolvasása Zichy Mihály illusztrációinak tükrében
No full textAz Osztrák–Magyar Monarchia és Nagy-Britannia kapcsolatai a kiegyezést követő időben (1867–1871), Lutter János és Virgil Mühlbacher pécsi irathagyatéka alapján
Get PDFIn the politically turbulent period of the late 1860s, when the Austro-Hungarian Empire was emerging from a Prussian-Austrian war, Foreign Policy Decision-makers of the state were desperate for allies. Between 1867 and 1871, the Monarchy was exhausted militarily, economically, and socially, and seemed incapable of exercising modest power display, as it was just beginning to rebuild aft er the defeat at Sadowa. Almost as a matter of course at this time, the Monarchy was looking for an alliance with another empire, and Britain happened to look for a continental partner. The island nation was initially rather disinterested in the affairs of the continent, as the English liberal political elite had to deal with issues such as the Irish question, the American Civil War and the extension of voting rights in 1867. Nonetheless, the renewed Austro-Hungarian state attracted attention as Austria’s transformation created a new situation in Europe. On a personal level, the relations between the two states included the subordinates of the Austrian Chancellor and Foreign Minister Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust: the Hungarian-born Count Rudolf Apponyi (II), who represented Austria-Hungary as ambassador in London until his dismissal in 1871, and the later Foreign Minister, Count Gusztáv Kálnoky. The foreign policy-related archival material of the Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv (HHStA) of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and the foreign relations of the second half of the century were the subject of many national and foreign authors. Between 1926 and 1930, Virgil Mühlbacher researched the Austro–Hungarian archive documents of the period between 1867 and 1871, and prepared extracts for János Lutter, who published regularly between the two world wars. These documents are currently housed in the Historical Collections Department of the University of Pécs (PTE-TGYO). Also, the authors may have be planning to publish a major work. In addition to the extracts, the boxes contain copies of documents from the HHStA. Conclusively, there is no comprehensive work available on the chancellorship of Beust, in the period between 1867 and 1871 currently. However the documents left behind by Mühlbacher, which are the subject of the present study, could have filled this gap in the history of Hungarian foreign policy. A further interesting feature of the documents is that Mühlbacher’s notes on the documents from the London embassy are more detailed, than his copies of the documents from the Berlin, Belgrade and Paris embassies. It is also worth noting that some of the documents are presumably only available in Pécs, and are not available in their original location in Vienna.In the politically turbulent period of the late 1860s, when the Austro-Hungarian Empire was emerging from a Prussian-Austrian war, Foreign Policy Decision-makers of the state were desperate for allies. Between 1867 and 1871, the Monarchy was exhausted militarily, economically, and socially, and seemed incapable of exercising modest power display, as it was just beginning to rebuild aft er the defeat at Sadowa. Almost as a matter of course at this time, the Monarchy was looking for an alliance with another empire, and Britain happened to look for a continental partner. The island nation was initially rather disinterested in the affairs of the continent, as the English liberal political elite had to deal with issues such as the Irish question, the American Civil War and the extension of voting rights in 1867. Nonetheless, the renewed Austro-Hungarian state attracted attention as Austria’s transformation created a new situation in Europe. On a personal level, the relations between the two states included the subordinates of the Austrian Chancellor and Foreign Minister Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust: the Hungarian-born Count Rudolf Apponyi (II), who represented Austria-Hungary as ambassador in London until his dismissal in 1871, and the later Foreign Minister, Count Gusztáv Kálnoky. The foreign policy-related archival material of the Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv (HHStA) of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and the foreign relations of the second half of the century were the subject of many national and foreign authors. Between 1926 and 1930, Virgil Mühlbacher researched the Austro–Hungarian archive documents of the period between 1867 and 1871, and prepared extracts for János Lutter, who published regularly between the two world wars. These documents are currently housed in the Historical Collections Department of the University of Pécs (PTE-TGYO). Also, the authors may have be planning to publish a major work. In addition to the extracts, the boxes contain copies of documents from the HHStA. Conclusively, there is no comprehensive work available on the chancellorship of Beust, in the period between 1867 and 1871 currently. However the documents left behind by Mühlbacher, which are the subject of the present study, could have filled this gap in the history of Hungarian foreign policy. A further interesting feature of the documents is that Mühlbacher’s notes on the documents from the London embassy are more detailed, than his copies of the documents from the Berlin, Belgrade and Paris embassies. It is also worth noting that some of the documents are presumably only available in Pécs, and are not available in their original location in Vienna
Nemzetközi kollaboratív online kurzus a gyakorlatban
Get PDFTHE AIM OF THE PAPER
Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) is an opportunity to shape students’ attitude. During the autumn semester of 2022 a collaboration between a US and Hungarian university was established with students from 15 different nations with a focus on international business negotiations. During the 6-weeks project, not only academic achievement was measured but improvement of cross-cultural skills as well. The aim of the study is to build a model of the impact of the COIL course on the participants\u27 self-image, cultural openness and their relationship with the international environment.
METHODOLOGY
The research used three consecutive online questionnaires to measure 1) cultural openness; 2) commitment to the course, relationships with group members; 3) changes in openness and students\u27 interest in international affairs. Currently the major changes in openness, international interest and personality is analysed from the collected date using statistical methods. Analysing the data, paired t-tests were used. The advantage of this method is that it can be used on a small sample, so the sample analysed in this study meets this criterion.
MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS
The results show that, in line with the literature, the collaborative online international course does indeed bring about a change in participants\u27 cultural competence and helps to change their mind-set and attitudes towards international and global issues.
RECOMMENDATIONS
A COIL course is a form of international educational cooperation where participating students can join a course or project at a university in another country in a cost-effective way. In addition to the learning outcomes, this also provides an opportunity to develop their intercultural competences. Based on the findings of the study, further research is needed to investigate in detail the impact of factors influencing students\u27 development pathways and to explore ways of eliminating elements that have a negative impact.A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
A kollaboratív online nemzetközi tanulás (COIL) lehetőséget nyújt a diákok attitűdjének alakítására. A 2022-es őszi félévben egy amerikai és egy magyar egyetem közötti együttműködés jött létre 15 különböző nemzetből érkező hallgatóval, amelynek középpontjában a nemzetközi üzleti tárgyalások sikertényezői álltak. A 6 hetes projekt során nemcsak a tanulmányi eredmény, hanem az interkulturális készségek javulása is mérésre került. A tanulmány célja, hogy felépítsen egy modellt a COIL kurzusnak a résztvevők kulturális nyitottságára és a nemzetközi környezethez való viszonyára és arra gyakorolt hatásáról.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
A kutatás három egymást követő online kérdőív segítségével mérte 1) a kulturális nyitottságot; 2) a kurzus iránti elkötelezettséget, a csoporttagokkal való kapcsolatokat; 3) a nyitottságban és a hallgatók nemzetközi környezethez való viszonyban bekövetkezett változásokat. Jelenleg a nyitottságban, a nemzetközi érdeklődésben és a személyiségben bekövetkezett főbb változásokat elemezzük az összegyűjtött adatokból statisztikai módszerekkel. Az adatok elemzése során t-próbákat alkalmaztunk. Ennek a módszernek az az előnye, hogy kis mintán is alkalmazható, így az ebben a tanulmányban elemzett minta megfelel ennek a kritériumnak.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a szakirodalommal összhangban a kollaboratív online nemzetközi kurzus valóban változást hoz a résztvevők kulturális kompetenciájában, és segít megváltoztatni a nemzetközi és globális kérdésekkel kapcsolatos gondolkodásmódjukat és attitűdjeiket.
JAVASLATOK
A COIL kurzus a nemzetközi oktatási együttműködés egy olyan formája, amelyben a részt vevő hallgatók költséghatékony módon csatlakozhatnak egy másik ország egyetemének kurzusához vagy projektjéhez. A tanulási eredmények mellett ez lehetőséget nyújt kulturális kompetenciáik fejlesztésére is. A tanulmány megállapításai alapján további kutatásokra van szükség a hallgatók fejlődési útját befolyásoló tényezők hatásának részletes vizsgálatához, valamint a negatív hatást gyakorló elemek kiküszöbölési módjainak feltárásához
A szurkolók sportklubhoz való kötődésének jelentősége a mérkőzéslátogatásra a hazai labdarúgás esetében
Get PDFTHE AIM OF THE PAPER
Building fan loyalty and attracting new fans to a club is essential in a developed sports economy. In Hungary, this has been an unresolved problem for decades, while new stadiums have been built with spectacular investments, but their utilisation for domestic football league matches could be significantly improved. Our research investigated the characteristics and significance of the relationship between match attendance and fans\u27 attachment to the club for Mol Fehérvár FC, a Hungarian first division football team in the OTP Bank Liga in the 2022-23 season. In our research we investigated the factors that shape the perception of a football club, the psychological attachment of fans to the club, and the relationship between match attendance and club attachment.
METHODOLOGY
To answer the research question, qualitative research was conducted using 26 in-depth interviews. The interviewees were first invited to participate in the research in connection with three matches in Székesfehérvár, and then additional subjects were identified through invitations placed in the supporter community.
MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS
Our results show that the club has lost the way that its supporters have traditionally expected of it, and that it lacks the respect and appreciation of its fans. This may explain the problem of low attendance, as emotional attachment is a key determinant of loyalty in sport. Furthermore, our results also indicate that in many areas the club can initiate change that can bring about fan loyalty.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Through the example of the club under study, this research highlights the particular case of the Hungarian football league system, which questions the importance of the supporter, and even raises the question of whether clubs need supporters at all. This draws the attention of the sports marketing profession to the responsibility of brand ownership and the importance of managing fan loyalty. The research results also indicate that comprehensive strategic planning based on fan opinion can help to address the fan loyalty problem.A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
A szurkolók csapathoz való kötődésének kialakítása és újabb szurkolók klubhoz vonzása egy fejlett sportgazdaságban elengedhetetlen. Magyarországon ez a téma évtizedes megoldatlan problémát jelent, miközben látványos beruházásokkal új stadionok épültek, amelyek kihasználtsága a hazai labdarúgó bajnoki mérkőzések esetében jelentős mértékben fejleszthető lenne. Kutatásunk a 2022-23-as szezonban az OTP Bank Liga magyar elsőosztályú labdarúgó bajnokságban szereplő Mol Fehérvár FC tekintetében vizsgálta a mérkőzéslátogatás és a szurkolók klubhoz való kötődése közötti kapcsolat jellemzőit és jelentőségét. Kutatásunkban vizsgáljuk a futballklub megítélését alakító tényezőket, a szurkolók pszichológiai kapcsolódását a klubhoz, és a mérkőzéslátogatási kedv és a klubhoz való kötődés közötti kapcsolatot.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
A kutatási kérdés megválaszolására kvalitatív kutatás készült 26 mélyinterjú segítségével. Az interjúalanyok először három székesfehérvári mérkőzéshez kapcsolódóan kerültek felkérésre a kutatásban való közreműködésre, majd további alanyok megtalálása a szurkolói közösségben elhelyezett meghívások segítségével történt.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
Eredményeink szerint a klub letért arról az útról, amit a szurkolók a tradíciója alapján elvárnak tőle, valamint hiányzik a szurkolók tisztelete és megbecsülése. Mindez megmagyarázhatja az alacsony nézőszám problémáját, hiszen a sport területén az érzelmi alapú kötődés meghatározó a lojalitás tekintetében. Továbbá az eredményeink azt is jelzik, hogy számos területen a klub indíthat el olyan változást, amely szurkolói kötődést hozhat magával.
GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK
Jelen kutatás a vizsgált klub példáján keresztül rávilágít arra a helyzetre, hogy a magyar labdarúgás bajnoki rendszerében kialakult egy sajátos helyzet, amely megkérdőjelezi a szurkoló fontosságát, sőt a kutatási eredmények felvetik azt is, hogy a kluboknak szükségük van-e egyáltalán szurkolókra? Mindez felhívja a sportmarketinges szakma figyelmét a márkatulajdonosi felelősségre és a szurkolói kötődés kezelésének fontosságára. A kutatási eredmények azt is jelzik, hogy a szurkolói véleményekre épülő átfogó stratégiai tervezés segíthet a szurkolói kötődés probléma megoldásában
Change management steps among SMEs
Get PDFTHE AIMS OF THE PAPER
The primary objective of the analysis was to create a detailed, multi-step model through the comparison of change management models found in the literature, encompassing all aspects of the change process during organizational transformation. One of the sub-goals was to test the developed model among SMEs through primary research, which also explored whether respondents considered increasing the frequency of any particular step to be important compared to current practices.
METHODOLOGY
To fulfill these goals, I used a t-test in addition to literature analysis and descriptive statistics. I worked with a sample size of 100 from the leaders of organizations based in Hungary. The sample includes organizations from manufacturing, services, and trade sectors in almost equal proportions.
MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS
The paper creates the broadest model containing the most steps by identifying, comparing and analyzing the steps included in change management models. It has been proven that the Yukl model (which is the broadest model with the largest number of steps available) should be supplemented with a starting and a closing step.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the reviewed literature, the subject of my investigation, i.e., the comparison of the level of steps currently used and considered desirable, has not yet been tested in the literature. This seems to be a promising area of research, as such a study could offer valuable insights into whether leaders are aware of the necessary steps or which actions need greater emphasis to achieve success. These insights could prove particularly beneficial for SME leaders in ensuring effective change management. Raising awareness among SME leaders about the importance of planned change is strongly recommended.THE AIMS OF THE PAPER
The primary objective of the analysis was to create a detailed, multi-step model through the comparison of change management models found in the literature, encompassing all aspects of the change process during organizational transformation. One of the sub-goals was to test the developed model among SMEs through primary research, which also explored whether respondents considered increasing the frequency of any particular step to be important compared to current practices.
METHODOLOGY
To fulfill these goals, I used a t-test in addition to literature analysis and descriptive statistics. I worked with a sample size of 100 from the leaders of organizations based in Hungary. The sample includes organizations from manufacturing, services, and trade sectors in almost equal proportions.
MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS
The paper creates the broadest model containing the most steps by identifying, comparing and analyzing the steps included in change management models. It has been proven that the Yukl model (which is the broadest model with the largest number of steps available) should be supplemented with a starting and a closing step.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the reviewed literature, the subject of my investigation, i.e., the comparison of the level of steps currently used and considered desirable, has not yet been tested in the literature. This seems to be a promising area of research, as such a study could offer valuable insights into whether leaders are aware of the necessary steps or which actions need greater emphasis to achieve success. These insights could prove particularly beneficial for SME leaders in ensuring effective change management. Raising awareness among SME leaders about the importance of planned change is strongly recommended