Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (ISSN 1997-8553)
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Influence of Team Identification on Proactive Work Behavior and Task Performance: The Mediating Role of Team Support for Innovation
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate a model that applies team support for innovation as a mediating mechanism for the association of team identification (TI) with task performance (TP) and proactive work behavior (PWB) in the software companies. The sample encompasses 92 teams working in software companies in Pakistan. Data were collected from two sources: team identification, team support for innovation (TSI), and task performance data were collected from employees, while PWB data were collected from the team supervisor. Multi-level data was analyzed using structural equation modelling technique through Mplus, AMOS and SPSS software. Findings of the study revealed that team support for innovation plays an intervening role between team identification and its outcomes (PWB and TP). This study proposes that team support for innovation can effectively encourage PWB and TP. Therefore, managers and leaders of software companies who aim to achieve PWB and TP need to encourage team identification among the team members. The present paper links a gap relating to factors and antecedents that impact proactive work behavior and task performance in a multi-level research design
Brand Experience and Brand Loyalty: The Moderating Role of Brand Trust and the Mediating Role of Brand Love in Pakistani Smartphone Users
Full text linkThe current study looks at the relationships in the Pakistani smartphone market between brand experience, brand love, and brand loyalty. In addition, we also study brand trust\u27s moderating effect. The data was collected from 300 Pakistani smartphone users. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and PROCESS macro model 8 were used for data analysis. This research showed that the experience of a brand is a significant factor in determining both love and loyalty to that brand. The outcomes of the research indicated that there was a substantial relation between brand experiences and brand loyalty, with brand love serving as a mediating component in this relationship. We found that there was a statistically significant relationship between brand trust and brand experiences as well as brand loyalty. On the other hand, the association between brand experiences and brand love was tempered by confidence in the brand concerned. This pioneering study examines Pakistani smartphone users\u27 interests and behaviors and it also examines how brand trust mediates these variables
Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: A Case of Romania
Full text linkInward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) occupies a crucial and fundamental importance in the economic growth of any country. In this article we tried to gauge the impact of FDI upon economic growth of Romania. We extracted annual time series data for the dependent variable (GDP per capita growth) and explanatory variables (FDI, Gross Capital Formation and Employment) for the period spanning from 1993 to 2022. To determine the long run relationship between the variables, we used Auto regressive distributed lags (ARDL) bounds test of co-integration via EViews software. The empirical findings revealed the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables of the model. We found that FDI has a significant positive impact upon GDP; furthermore, FDI is also uni-directionally causing the Gross Capital Formation. These insights offer valuable implications for policymakers aiming to optimize the economic impact of FDI; it is recommended that Romania should focus on FDI-led growth policies so that economic growth could be further boosted
Re-Assessing the Role of Trade Policy and Import Substitution Industrialization: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Full text linkResearchers and policymakers are re-examining the idea of import substitution industrialization (ISI). Consequently, trade policy has emerged as an essential instrument for promoting ISI. This research looks at the effect of trade policy on ISI, breaking down how tariff rates impact domestic industry by utilizing information from Pakistan in the range of 1998 and 2022. To empirically examine the impact that tariff rates have on ISI, the current research and makes use of Granger Causality, the vector autoregressive (VAR), and the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL), as well as the unit root with structural break technique in EViews. The findings show a conclusive two-way connection between tariff rates and ISI. In addition, although an initial increase in tariff rates increases ISI, a subsequent decrease in ISI quickly offsets this effect. Additionally, ISI suffers short term and long-term consequences from rising tariff rates. These findings highlight the necessity of gradual integration into global markets for long-term sustainability, despite the initial industrial development fostered by trade protectionism
The Buffering Role of Employee Resilience in The Relationship Between Project Conflicts and Employee Burnout with The Mediation of Negative Emotions
Full text linkThis study aims to test the hypothesized moderated mediation process combining project conflicts, negative emotions, employee resilience, and employee burnout. It proposes that negative emotions can be considered as a mediator between the relationship of project conflicts and employee burnout, and this mediation effect is moderated by the level of employee resilience. Data were collected from employees working in project-based organizations. The final number of responses was 389. We used structural equation modelling for model fitness and direct relationships, and PROCESS macro model 4 and 14 were used for mediation and moderated mediation analysis respectively. The main finding is that employee resilience moderates the indirect relationship between project conflict and employee burnout via negative emotions. Project conflict has a positive and significant effect on employee burnout. The results of this study help us understand why the higher management of a project-based organization should consider employee resilience to avoid the negative consequences of project conflicts. Resting on the research gaps identified, this study proposes a unique conflict model that hypothesizes a moderated mediation process
Influence of Green Inclusive Leadership on Sustainable Performance through Innovative Behavior: Moderating Role of Green Psychological Climate and Climate for Inclusion
Full text linkThis study explores the relationship between green inclusive leadership and sustainability performance with the mediating role of innovative behavior and the moderating role of green psychological climate and the climate of inclusion. Following the paradigm of positivism, this quantitative study collected data from 382 followers and 75 leaders from the health sector. The survey was conducted on reliable and valid instruments from the literature. Structural equation modeling through Smart PLS was used for data analysis. Results revealed that green, inclusive leadership impacts sustainable performance in the health sector directly and through innovative behavior. Moreover, a Green psychological climate and climate for inclusion moderate this relationship. The health sector that needs sustainable performance should cultivate green inclusive leadership at all levels and for that purpose, hospitals should initiate relevant training programs
Financial Reporting Quality and Investment Efficiency: A Transnational Evidence
Full text linkIn developed markets, the connection between financial reporting quality (FRQ) and enhanced investment efficiency is well-documented. However, it remains uncertain whether this relationship holds true in emerging, frontier, and various other markets. This research probes into this relationship across 18,231 publicly listed firms spanning thirtysix countries worldwide, encompassing various market categories. Comprehensive accounting data is gathered for publicly traded firms from 2009 to 2023, spanning 40 different industries in these markets. We used Stata and employed fixed-effects regression analysis, augmented by alternative proxies and robustness investigation, causal connections are explored. The endogeneity concerns are addressed using 2SLS regression analysis. The findings disclose a positive influence of FRQ on investment efficiency not only in developed markets but also across emerging, frontier, and other markets. Furthermore, our analysis of over- and under-investment scenarios highlights a significant relationship between FRQ and investment efficiency in both contexts. These findings expand the current body of knowledge, indicating that the relationship between FRQ and investment efficiency extends beyond developed markets to include emerging, frontier, and other markets with varied reporting standards and financial environments
Enigma Unveiled: Decoding Trust and Relationship Dynamics in the Mobile Banking Sector of an Emerging Economy
Full text linkMobile banking, an innovative branchless banking system, is burgeoning in Pakistan. Grounded in expectation confirmation theory, this study empirically examines the interplay of trust beliefs and trustworthiness with relationship quality to generate user intentions for mobile banking. We collected data via a self-administered survey from systematically selected 346 young Generation Z (18-30) actual banking users of Pakistan. We performed structural equation modelling (SEM) via the maximum likelihood method to test the hypotheses with AMOS 25. Trust beliefs of shared value, communication, quality assurance, and integrity significantly influence cognitive and affective trust. Trustworthiness and satisfaction mediated the relationship between trust beliefs and users\u27 intentions to use the mobile banking system in Pakistan. Policymakers and m-banking marketers should ensure quality and communicate the procedural manifestations of mbanking apps and platforms to increase trustworthiness and satisfaction with m-banking services in Pakistan. The study is a rare effort that investigates mechanisms of relationship quality to better understand consumer behavioral intentions and it identifies influential factors beneficial for financial institutions involved in offering mobile banking services
Green Transformational Leadership, Environmental Strategy, and Green Innovation: Mediated Moderation of Knowledge Sharing and Green Absorptive Capacity
Full text linkThis study explores the impact of green transformational leadership and environmental strategies on promoting green innovation in manufacturing firms in Pakistan. It examines how such leadership and its strategies encourage employees to foster green innovation through effective knowledge-sharing and enhanced green absorptive capacity. The current study was conducted with a sample of 413 respondents collected via survey forms, and the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling in AMOS. The findings indicate that green transformational leadership significantly impacts green innovation by supporting subordinates in generating new ideas, products, and policies. Furthermore, environmental strategies strongly influence green innovation, as green vision and strategies are essential for incorporating green innovation. The mediating role of knowledge sharing strengthens the relationship between green transformational leadership and green innovation and between environmental strategy and green innovation. The moderating impact of green absorptive capacity also proved significant. The study concludes that these constructs are vital antecedents of green innovation and provide a solid foundation for sustainable practices. This research contributes to the literature on the natural resource based view (NRBV) theory and green innovation by highlighting the roles of green transformational leadership, knowledge sharing, and environmental strategy. It offers valuable insights for executives and managers in promoting green innovation within firms and implementing eco-friendly strategies and policies through structured knowledge sharing
Industry 4.0 Technologies and Firm Performance with Digital Supply Chain Platforms and Supply Chain Capabilities
Full text linkWe used a dynamic resource-based view (DRBV) to examine how Industry 4.0 technologies (I4.0) affect business performance. We also examined whether the relationship between I4.0 and firm performance is sequentially mediated via digital supply chain platforms and supply chain capabilities. We used the PLS-SEM technique to analyze the data. After analyzing data collected from 348 logistics and supply chain managers, we found that adopting I4.0 leads to improved operational performance and digital supply chain platforms (DSCPs). However, I4.0 does not enhance competitive firm performance. DSCPs boost operational and competitive firm performance. Further, supply chain capabilities also boost operational and competitive firm performance. In mediation analyses, DSCPs partially mediate the I4.0 and operational performance relationship. Sequential mediation analyses demonstrate that the I4.0 impact on operational and competitive firm performance is mediated via digital supply chain platforms and supply chain capabilities. Lastly, operational performance boosts competitive performance. The firms should focus on digital supply chain platforms and capabilities, as mere adoption of I4.0 does not lead to competitive performance in the GCC context. The findings of this study have theoretical and practical implications