Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (ISSN 1997-8553)
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An Analysis of the Relationship between the Components of Entrepreneurship Education and the Antecedents of theory of Planned Behavior
Get PDFThe purpose of the present study is to explore the relationship between the components of entrepreneurship education on the one hand and the antecedents of students’ entrepreneurial intentions, on the other hand. A casual comparative survey was conducted to find out the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship education participants (n=198) and on non-participants (n=202). The sample was selected from GIII level students of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). The t-test was applied to study the mean difference. The structural equation modeling was used to study the relationship between the entrepreneurship education components and the antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions. The embedded research design was used to support the results of the quantitative dataset by means of the qualitative interviews of the entrepreneurship education participants (n=15). The results showed that there was an impact of entrepreneurship education on the student’s intentions to become entrepreneurs. The originality of the present research consists of the combination of components of entrepreneurship education and antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions in the context of TVET. This study will be useful for policy makers and curriculum developers. The study is limited only to the GIII level students of TVET. A future study can be conducted to investigate the entrepreneurial behavior of TVET graduates
Using the ‘Big-Five’-For Assessing Personality Traits of the Champions: An Insinuation for the Sports Industry
Get PDFSport, is no more a spare time activity and has become a highly competitive and an extremely commercialized enterprise. Involvement of multinational corporations in sport activities and holding of mega events like the Olympics; and, the World Cup held by the Federation International de Football Association (FIFA);along with, the increasing impact of media broadcasting, have given rise to a new global multi- billion dollars sport market; where athletes remain the center of attention. Sport organizations, thus are always in search of the best athletes, not only for competitive purposes, but also, because the successes of a particular sport industry and corporate benefactors, depend upon the rise and fall of its super stars. The sports organization, thus are constantly on the search for high performers, such as the ‘right’ coach, the best manager, top CEOs or a new key athlete who can make their business a success. ‘Who will be the next Muhammad Ali, Tiger Woods or Venus Williams?’ is a billion dollar question. However, predicting success in sports can be quite a daunting task; and, organizations endeavor to achieve best performances from their athletes; through not only lucrative financial packages, but also through best possible sports’ relevant environment and extensive trainings. Despite all efforts, only some of the players are able to make it to the top. Understanding personality of these players is one area which has been ignored and this one area might be able to answer the billion dollar question. The present study explores this particular area and provides empirical evidence of personality traits peculiar to the high performers or more aptly, the eventual champions. Studying the impact of Big Five personality traits, on the performance of 91 contact sports national champions of Pakistan; our findings reveal significant association between performance and the Big Five traits, i.e., agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, extroversion and openness to experience
Total Quality Management, Knowledge Management and Corporate Culture: How do they synchronized for performance excellence
Get PDFThe emergence of knowledge economy and globalization has pushed the businesses into a new paradigm. The concept of organizational performance excellence solely based on total quality management (TQM) philosophy is no longer valid in international businesses and needs to be improved. The ever increasing global competition is forcing organizations for cost reduction on one hand and enhanced quality on the other. This dilemma faced by the organizations is difficult to solve. It is argued that mixed practices based on the philosophies of TQM and knowledge management (KM) and their synchronization is necessary to achieve performance excellence in organizations. The current research endeavored to determine the common grounds between TQM and KM philosophies for their synchronization. The review of literature identifies one common enabler for TQM and KM namely Corporate Culture with respect to performance excellence, using this common enabler a theoretical framework is proposed that can be used by organizations to obtain the benefits of both philosophies. The validation of the proposed framework was conducted by obtaining data from manufacturing sector. The managers from manufacturing concerns were interviewed in detail using structured questionnaire. Delphi method is adopted to develop consensus between the participants. The results showed that different cultures have put distinct impacts in the manufacturing sector. However, results also showed that with the help of knowledge management philosophy cost can be cut down in dominant developmental or rational culture while leading group culture improves the quality in TQM philosophy. Finally it is concluded that TQM and KM philosophies can be implemented in synchronization and their combined implementation will lead to higher performance excellence
Linking Passion to Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement
Get PDFAlthough a good deal of attention has been focused in understanding the impact of passion in non-work related activities (e.g. sports, romance etc), but little research examines its impact in the organizational work context. This study plugs these knowledge gaps; specifically our purpose is to empirically investigate the impact of harmonious passion on employee performance via work engagement. Through a questionnaire based survey from 210 full time permanent employees and 27 managers of a large commercial bank of Pakistan and statistical analysis utilizing SPSS and AMOS, the paper reveals that the employees, who are harmoniously passionate about their work, are more effective in both task and non-task related performance and in creating a conducive environment for efficient and effective functioning of the organization. Moreover, these relationships are mediated by work engagement. The paper contributes to the literature by advancing the role of passion and the intervening mechanism in work related activities
Impact of Organizational Justice on Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Role of Faculty Trust
Get PDFThe purpose of the study was to explore the mediating role of faculty trust in the relationship between organizational justice and teachers’ citizenship behavior in university teacher-education faculties in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The participants of the study were teacher-educators (lecturers, assistant professors, associate professors, professors) teaching at the Education Faculties of twelve universities (eight in public and four in the private sector) offering at least master’s degree program in Education. The strategy for selecting sample was stratified proportionate random sampling. The instruments of data collection were adapted for the study based on Organizational Justice Scale by Niehoff and Moorman (1993), Faculty Trust Scale by Hoy and TschannenMoran (2003), and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale by Podsakoff et al. (1990). The proposed model was then tested through mediation analysis. The results indicated that the effect of organizational justice on organizational citizenship behavior was significantly mediated through faculty trust. The finding implies that positive perception of organizational justice not only strengthens faculty trust, but this fortified trust also stimulates teachers’ citizenship behavior. It also signifies the value of justice in an educational organization
Is Poverty a Product of Environmental Degradation in Developing Economies? A Case of Pakistan
Get PDFAmid increasing significance of the relationship between poverty and environment across nations, the study aims to scrutinize the impact of environmental pollution proxied by CO2 emission on poverty in Pakistan. It is analyzed by applying Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Bounds Testing approach to time series data for the years 1976 to 2014. Findings have professed that environmental pollution has positive impact on poverty both in short-run and long-run. In control variables, GDP growth rate, education and health status in the economy have shown negative impacts on poverty. The study suggests that environmental protection policies should be applied to prevent poverty prevalence. Spread of education and health facilities are also proposed for poverty alleviation
Job Stress and Job Performance Relationship in Challenge-Hindrance Model of Stress: An Empirical Examination in the Middle East
Get PDFThis study examined the nature of the relationship of overall job stress, challenge and hindrance stress with job performance and turnover motivation among nurses (N=255) employed by three hospitals in the Gulf States of the Middle East. Multiple sources of data collection were employed. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on measures of job stress, turnover intention and social support. Job performance data were obtained from hospital files. Multiple regression, curvilinear coefficients and moderated multiple regressions were used to analyze the data. Overall job stress, challenge stress and hindrance stress were all related to job performance and turnover motivation. The nature of the relationship between the measures of job stress and performance was primarily a negative linear. Perceived social support moderated more than eighty percent relationship between the measures of job stress and two dependent variables. Overall, the results of the present study supported the convergence instead of divergence perspective in cross cultural management research. Implications of the findings are discussed for future researchers in international and cross-cultural management
Significance of Knowledge Management Practices Effecting Supply Chain Performance
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to examine how knowledge management practices (KMP) influence supply chain performance (SCP) with mediating role of supply chain coordination (SCC). This research is conducted in Central Punjab Pakistan, which had not been investigated before. This research comprises three stages of statistical analysis where phase one is descriptive statistics and reliability, phase two is factor analysis (KMO and Bartlett’s test, Eigen values and total variance) and third phase is path analysis that was used to analyze the data. Based on literature, a theoretical framework was developed consisting of four KMP; knowledge storage, knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and knowledge application and SCP is evaluated by efficiency, flexibility, responsiveness and quality, and SCC is measured by information sharing, quality of information and bullwhip effects. Structural equation modeling was employed using a sample of 19 milk processing companies of central Punjab. The tremendous results of this study have shown that the implementation of KMP interact with SCC to influence supply chain performance (SCP). The empirical results also show that KMP have significant impact on SCP which is positively mediated by SCC. The relationship between knowledge application and supply chain performance is not significant. Since the sample of this research is small and taken only from milk processing companies, it would be important to consider other companies with large sample from wider range of companies. In addition, other variables can be considering in proposed model to strengthen and improve our analyses and generalizable results. Through this study, a good understanding of relationship of KMP and SCP and mediating role of SCC can be gained. Further, that is important gap in supply chain and knowledge management literature that there is no empirical study specifically examine mediating effect of supply chain coordination affecting the relationship of SCP and KMP
Significance of Factors Influencing Online Knowledge Sharing: A Study of Higher Education in Pakistan
No full textConsidering the importance of knowledge sharing in personal and professional life, this study focuses on behavior of knowledge sharing in online world. Henceforth, it explores the effect of different individual aspects like personality traits, engagement in online social networking sites and online community of practices on the online knowledge sharing behavior. In order to attain the goal of measuring the relationships, this study attempted a simultaneous multiple regression analysis technique to check their effect on online knowledge sharing behavior. One of the important and major contributions of this study is that the engagement of individuals in online social networking sites and online community of practices plays a very vital role in their online knowledge sharing behaviors in Pakistan. These findings are significant since they provide a better insight to the behavior of students when it comes to online knowledge sharing as a result of online social interaction. This study can find many utilities regarding the course contents and online study plans in educational institutes and personnel screening of human resource in commercial organizations
Effect of Breach of Psychological Contracts on Workplace Deviant Behaviors with the Moderating Role of Revenge Attitude and Self-Control
Get PDFPsychological contract, breach has been executed when employees perceive that employer has failed to fulfill one or more of its obligations. This breach of contract affects the behaviors and outcomes of employees in many ways. This study makes a unique contribution to the literature by being the first to examine revenge attitude as a moderator of the relations between the breach of the psychological contract and work place deviant behaviors. Managers should be aware of the importance of breach of the psychological contract and violation on employee behaviors and the value of deviant behavior in the performance of the organization. After an extensive review of relevant literature on the research problem, research has been conducted by using a sample size of 230 respondents. This data have been selected through random probability sampling and the result has been deducted by using correlation and regression analysis. This research contributes that an employee having low self-control more frequently execute deviant behaviors on the breach of the psychological contract than employee with low self-control. Similarly, it has also been found that revenge attitude strengthens the relationship of psychological contract breach and work place deviant behaviors