Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (ISSN 1997-8553)
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Islamic Work Ethics and Workplace Deviance: Moderating role of Employees Perceived Abusive Supervision and Mediating Role of Employees Hostility
Get PDFEmploying social exchange and norm of reciprocity theory, our study explores the link between Islamic work ethics (IWE) and workplace deviance. Results of the study show that IWE is negatively linked with workplace deviance. The role of employees’ perceived abusive supervision as moderator and the role of employees’ hostility as mediator on the link between IWE and workplace deviance are studied. The moderating role of employees’ perceived supervisory abuse and the mediating role of employees’ hostility on the link between IWE and workplace deviance is confirmed. Utilizing a time-lagged research plan that allowed data collection in two waves, we collected responses from 189 employees of different organizations (specializing in manufacturing, engineering, banking, transportation, and information technology) across Pakistan. Moderated mediation regression is used to test our hypotheses. A large number of responses collected from employees working in other Islamic cultures and countries would further improve the generalizability of our research findings. Generally, researchers seem to assume, while focusing only on one side of the Islamic teachings, that IWE-related job outcomes would always be positive. Our study adds to the literature by challenging this assumption. We observe a change in the direction of the observed relationship between IWE and workplace deviance when employees’ perceived abusive supervision is high through their hostility. These results are also explained with the help of Islamic teachings. By helping researchers and practitioners to better understand employee personality and perceptions, this study would proactively guide them toward protecting the workforce and the workplace from damaging consequences
Impact of Networking Capability on Organizational Survival of SMEs: Mediating Role of Strategic Renewal
Get PDFOrganizational survival (OS) is still in spotlight in management literature because of the threats posed by the uncertain and volatile business environment across the globe. Fierce competition among organizations and unstable business environment has made organizations to focus on their survival in first place. The main purpose of this study is to examine the role of networking capability (NC) having four dimensions i.e. coordination (CO), relational skills (RS), partner’s knowledge (PK), and internal communication (IC) of a firm in the assurance of its survival. The mediating role of strategic renewal (SR) in these relationships is also investigated. For testing these relationships, data was gathered from 469managers/owners of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and was analyzed accordingly. Besides descriptive analysis, correlations, and regression, mediation analysis were carried out by using Baron and Kenny’s approach and PROCESS Macros. The results proved that CO, RS, PK, and IC have significant positive impact on OS. Moreover, SR also has strong mediating effect on the relationships between NC and OS. This study has some meaningful contributions towards both theoretical and practical knowledge of the subject matter
Impact of Green Supply Chain Management Practices on Corporate Image: Mediating role of Green Communications
Get PDFThe study aims to determine the corporate brand image developed by the green supply chain management affected by the green purchasing, green communications, the customer cooperation, eco-design, internal environment management and investment recovery extent. This research adopts a positivist paradigm using quantitative techniques of data collection through surveys and applying a deductive approach to answer the research problem. The population for this research was based upon the entire list of manufacturing companies that are listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange. Out of these companies a representative sample of 120 was selected. This study confirms the impact of ecofriendly activities, inventory, green supply chain, internal environment and customer cooperation on the image of a corporation through a mediating variable green communications. This study has this limitation of being a cross-sectional study as the data was collected through convenient sampling and Secondly, this study is only conducted in one country Pakistan and is only restricted to one sector
Renewable Energy, Water, and Environmental Degradation: A Global Panel Data Approach
Get PDFClimate change and changing climatic patterns are posing a threat to the sustainability of life on earth. Climate change is attributed to the accumulation of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the atmosphere representing environmental degradation. This study explores the links of renewable energy, water withdrawal, and economic growth with environmental degradation and provides empirical evidence using the panel data of 166 countries over the period 1990-2017. The study used panel data techniques and reported the results obtained from Pooled OLS, Random Effects, Fixed Effects estimations and 2 Stage Least Square(2SLS). The results support the role of renewable energy in environmental mitigation whereas water withdrawal contributes to emissions. Furthermore, results support the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Empirical evidence also suggests the positive role of solar, wind, geothermal and hydroelectricity in environmental improvement. The sensitivity analysis also confirms the robustness of empirical findings. The sensitivity analysis also indicates the validity of Nshaped EKC. The study provides useful insights into the role played by renewable energy in environmental mitigation and water withdrawal in increasing emissions which help to promote the consumption and production of renewable energy and increase its share in the energy mix for environmental mitigation.
Coopetition-Based Open-Innovation and Innovation Performance: Role of Trust and Dependency Evidence from Malaysian High-Tech SMEs
Get PDFIn a highly competitive environment, the phenomenon of coopetition is emerging rapidly among various firms as well as markets which is significant to enhance firm‘s open innovation performance (FOIP). However, Malaysian High-Tech SMEs are unable to develop a well-managed coopetition mechanism which influence negatively on open innovation (OI) performance. To address this problem, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of coopetition-based OI on the FOIP. To achieve this objective, a survey was conducted by using cross-sectional research design. Managerial employees of Malaysian high-tech SMEs were selected as the ultimate respondents of this study. While analyzing the data through PLS-SEM, it is revealed that coopetition has major contribution to enhance FOIP. Likewise, it is highlighted that the role of trust and dependency is crucial to develop a good coopetition platform. The study contributed in the body of literature by investigating the mediating role of trust and dependency to enhance the positive effect of coopetition based OI on FOIP, particularly in Malaysian high-tech SMEs. Thus, the current study has major importance for Malaysian high-tech SMEs to look on the vital factors to expedite coopetition and innovation activities
Impact of Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Role of Organizational Identification
Get PDFThis study extends the research being carried out in the area of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and resulting extra-role employee behaviors. This paper deeply analyzes the process and mechanism through which employee perceptions of two components of CSR i.e. employee and community exhibit rewarding organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Social identity theory presents the basis for predicting primary interventions of CSR initiatives that in this case are affective and evaluative dimensions of organizational identification, which lead towards building behaviors like OCB dimensions of sportsmanship and conscientiousness. This research model relies on a 277 employees’ data, collected from multinational and national companies of Pakistan. The analysis of the study is based on structural equation modelling to test the hypothesized relationships. Both dimensions of organizational identification partially mediate the CSR–OCB conscientiousness and CSR–employee turnover intentions links. However, in case of OCB sportsmanship only the link between perceived CSR towards community through evaluative organizational identification has been established. The other process affecting OCB sportsmanship by perceived CSR towards employees through affective organizational identification does not find any empirical support from the study. Although, all of the hypothesized direct relationships not find any empirical support from the study. Although, all of the hypothesized direct relationships proved significant. The study gives meanings to different processes and mechanisms involved in differently directed CSR initiatives and resulting employee behaviors that can lead to farther organizational success and progress. Therefore, this study is particularly beneficial for policy makers in order understand the value of different CSR initiatives even to have competitive edge as well as for researchers to explore further on different areas of CSR
Relationship between Organizational Culture and Knowledge Hiding in Software Industry: Mediating Role of Workplace Ostracism and Workplace Incivility
Get PDFIncreasingly it is recognized that in the software industry, knowledge hiding can cause serious economic losses to organizations. This study seeks to find the relationship between organizational culture and knowledge hiding. We further focused on the mediating role of workplace ostracism and workplace incivility with the help of various theories in the link between organizational culture and knowledge hiding which are also the antecedents of knowledge hiding. Background of knowledge hiding is still not extensively explored in previous studies yet and this research focused keenly on it. The sample size of the study consists of 300 employees working in three software houses of Pakistan as well as structural equation modeling was used with cross-sectional deductive positivist approach, whereas research design was explanatory and descriptive in nature. We found that organizational culture has a significant relationship with knowledge hiding and additionally, workplace ostracism and workplace incivility as mediators created positive channels between organizational culture and knowledge hiding. However workplace ostracism and workplace incivility partially mediate in this study.
Mediating Role of Environmental Commitment between Green Organizational Identity and Green Innovation Performance
Get PDFIntegrating environmental goals in a company\u27s mission and strategies not only improves the company\u27s image as a socially responsible organization but also help in gaining a leading position of first mover advantage. In today\u27s era, due to the increasing pressures towards sustainability and pro-environment policies, organizations as well as governments are making efforts in this direction. The purpose of this study is to find out the role of organizations in following green practices such as green organizational identity and green innovation performance. The current study investigates the association between green organizational identity, environmental commitment, and green innovation performance. Moreover, we also investigate how environmental commitment mediates the relationship between green organizational identity and green innovation performance. Data from manufacturing organizations is taken, these are the companies registered with WWF Green office project. Following a quantitative approach, the hypotheses developed in the light of literature are tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Result indicates that a complementary partial mediation exists between green organizational identity, environmental commitment, and green innovation performance. Moreover, this study also aims to help in comprehending to what extent organizations are focusing on the environment and how much they value both the environment and making their operations green
Environmental Degradation and Output Volatility: A Global Perspective
Get PDFThis study examines the link between environmental indicators and output volatility unlike the previous literature that mainly emphasized the importance of carbon emissions and economic growth nexus. Output uncertainty is considered a serious global issue as it undermines economic gains and quality of life. This study scrutinizes the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on output volatility in 155 countries over the period 1971- 2017. The empirical analysis is based on Pooled Ordinary Least Squares, Random and Fixed Effects Models. The empirical results confirm that carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NOX), methane (CH4), and total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are positively contributing to amplify global output volatility. Moreover, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of pollutant indicators also confirms the main results. Comparatively carbon emissions are contributing more to augment output volatility. A comparative analysis also reveals that all pollutants augment output volatility more in agricultural economies. The results of Granger causality confirm the bidirectional causality between environmental degradation and output volatility providing an evidence of endogeneity problem. To address it, the system GMM estimator is used by incorporating the instruments in output volatility model and the results of system GMM are also consistent with main findings. Findings of the study imply that a promising path of sustainable growth can be achieved by adopting the alternative ways of energy resources that produce less pollutant relative to greenhouse gasses
Decomposition and Decoupling Analysis of Carbon Emissions from Economic Growth: A Case Study of Pakistan
Get PDFClimate change induced by the growth of carbon dioxide emissions has become a global concern. Therefore, it\u27s necessary to pinpoint the factors that drive carbon emissions to provide suitable mitigation policies. This study uses Taipo Decoupling Index and Log Mean Divisa Index (LMDI) decomposition techniques to examine Pakistan’s decoupling status between environmental impact and economic growth and to analyze driving forces of carbon emissions over a time span of 1990-2014. The outcome suggests that Pakistan has experienced four decoupling statuses, where the most prominent is the expensive negative decoupling status. Furthermore, energy intensity and carbon intensity usually encouraged decoupling, while economic growth and energy structure restricted it. The population has a neutral effect on decoupling. The decomposition results demonstrated that population, energy structure, and economic growth significantly contributed to carbon emissions. While, energy and carbon intensity help in curbing carbon emissions. This study provides useful insights to mitigation carbon emissions. Besides, it also helps in promoting sustainable economic growth