Universidad de Magallanes
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Quality of life of people with Parkinson's disease during confinement due to the covid-19 pandemic
No full textIntroduction: The study was aimed to explore the quality of life of people with Parkinson's disease during confinement due to the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic. Material and methods: The study was quantitative, descriptive and correlational. The sample was 51 people with Parkinson's disease, from the region of Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica, and whose information was collected from the database of the Rehabilitation Corporation Club de Leones Cruz del Sur, to which they belong. Results: The main results show that 51.6% of people with Parkinson's disease report a > quality of life and that the main domains of the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) affected are: body discomfort, mobility and emotional well-being. According to the analysis of the qualitative ranges of the PDQ-39, the dimensions that were most compromised during the confinement by the covid-19 pandemic were: communication, stigma and emotional well-being. In addition, women had a poorer quality of life than men. Finally, it was shown that the progression of symptoms affects the quality of life of people with Parkinson's disease. Conclusions: In conclusion, during the confinement due to the covid-19 pandemic people with Parkinson's disease increased symptoms and presented a lower quality of life, especially women. (c) 2023 Sociedad Espanola de Rehabilitacion y Medicina Fısica. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved
Winter Targeted Observing Periods during the Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH)
No full textThe Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH) held seven targeted observing periods (TOPs) during the 2022 austral winter to enhance atmospheric predictability over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica. The TOPs of 5-10-day duration each featured the release of additional radiosonde balloons, more than doubling the routine sounding program at the 24 participating stations run by 14 nations, together with process-oriented observations at selected sites. These extra sounding data are evaluated for their impact on forecast skill via data denial experiments with the goal of refining the observing system to improve numerical weather prediction for winter conditions. Extensive observations focusing on clouds and precipitation primarily during atmospheric river (AR) events are being applied to refine model microphysical parameterizations for the ubiquitous mixed-phase clouds that frequently impact coastal Antarctica. Process studies are being facilitated by high-time-resolution series of observations and forecast model output via the YOPP Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (YOPPsiteMIIP). Parallel investigations are broadening the scope and impact of the YOPP-SH winter TOPs. Studies of the Antarctic tourist industry's use of weather services show the scope for much greater awareness of the availability of forecast products and the skill they exhibit. The Sea Ice Prediction Network South (SIPN South) analysis of predictions of the sea ice growth period reveals that the forecast skill is superior to the sea ice retreat phase
The Use of Weather, Water, Ice, and Climate (WWIC) Information in the Polar Regions: What Is Known after the Decadelong Polar Prediction Project?
No full textThe polar regions are facing a wide range of compounding challenges, from climate change to increased human activity. Infrastructure, rescue services, and disaster response capabilities are limited in these remote environments. Relevant and usable weather, water, ice, and climate (WWIC) information is vital for safety, activity success, adaptation, and environmental protection. This has been a key focus for the World Meteorological Organization's (WMO) Polar Prediction Project (PPP), and in particular its "Societal and Economic Research and Applications" (PPP-SERA) Task Team, which together over a decade have sought to understand polar WWIC information use in relation to operational needs, constraints, and decision contexts to inform the development of relevant services. To understand research progress and gaps on WWIC information use during the PPP (2013-23), we undertook a systematic bibliometric review of aligned scholarly peer-reviewed journal articles (n 5 43), examining collaborations, topics, methods, and regional differences. Themes to emerge included activity and context, human factors, information needs, situational awareness, experience, local and Indigenous knowledge, and sharing of information. We observed an uneven representation of disciplinary backgrounds, geographic locations, research topics, and sectoral foci. Our review signifies an overall lack of Antarctic WWIC services research and a dominant focus on Arctic sea ice operations and risks. We noted with concern a mismatch between user needs and services provided. Our findings can help to improve WWIC services' dissemination, communication effectiveness, and actionable knowledge provision for users and guide future research as the critical need for salient weather services across the polar regions remains beyond the PPP
SEASONAL ICE VELOCITY CHANGES AT SOUTH PATAGONIA ICEFIELD
No full textWe estimate the seasonal impact in the ice velocity of the entire South Patagonian Icefield (SPI), the velocity mosaics from 2016 (Winter/Autumn), 2017(Summer/Spring) and 2018(Summer/Spring) were combined to obtain acceleration and deceleration maps. Additionally, a more detailed study was made for seven glaciers in particular, the freshwater Upsala, Viedma, Moreno, O'Higgins and the tidal influenced Pio XI, Jorge Montt, Amalia
The mid-latitude hydrolaccolith of the Spanish Central System (Southern Europe): A top-to-bottom integration of geomatic, geophysical and sedimentary datasets for characterising a singular periglacial landform
No full textPermafrost study in the Spanish Central System (similar to 41 degrees N) has remained elusive in past decades. Although numerous periglacial features have been described, none has yielded conclusive information about the existence/distribution of permafrost across these mountains. This work focuses on integrating light detection and ranging and unmanned aerial vehicle data with geophysical methods and sedimentary records, along with preliminary thermal information, for the comprehensive study of a frost mound. The singularity of this feature resides in its location, currently dominated by a seasonal frost regime, and its size reaching 59 m long, 22.5 m wide and 4 m high, representing the largest landform of this type in Iberia. From top-to-bottom, the internal structure comprises three resistivity units (G1, G2 and G3). The most superficial unit (G1) consists of a sequence of burial soils alternating with sand and silts, with pebbles and gravel at the bottom, followed by a high porous layer that belongs to a landslide deposit (G2), likely composed of gravel and pebbles laying over unit G3 (bedrock). Calibrated C-14 ages suggest this landform formed at least similar to 4300 years ago during the mid-Holocene. Finally, the preliminary surface thermal map indicates the presence of sectors affected by strong thermal gradients likely driven by water table variations. Our results conclude that the dynamics are primarily controlled by the seasonal frost regime influencing local subsurface drainage, which allows us to classify this landform as a hydrodynamic pingo-like structure. We also demonstrate that our approach is suitable for assessing the evolution of this type of periglacial landform. Implementing long-lasting annual monitoring programmes would help to understand local periglacial dynamics better
Nuevos horizontes del manejo nutricional clínico en hipotiroidismo
No full textResumen El hipotiroidismo es una enfermedad endocrina frecuente en la población, que deriva de una disminución de la función de la glándula tiroides y afecta la producción de hormonas tiroideas. Esta patología tiene diversas implicancias para la salud, y su gestión clínica va más allá del tratamiento farmacológico convencional. La nutrición está fuertemente relacionada con la función de la glándula tiroides, sin embargo, no se han propuesto recomendaciones nutricionales sustentadas en la evidencia científica actual. La presente revisión aborda en primera instancia la patogenia del hipotiroidismo, seguido de un abordaje actualizado de nutrientes y alimentos asociados a la función tiroidea
Plural values of nature help to understand contested pathways to sustainability
No full textDespite globally agreed sustainability goals, advocacy for specific pathways of action remains highly contested. Disagreement about how best to advance sustainability can produce constructive debate but can also lead to marginalization, conflict, and inaction. This review uncovers how different "values of nature"underpin allegiance to different pathways of action for sustainability. It analyzes four selected pathways: (1) Green Economy, (2) Nature Protection, (3) Earth Stewardship and Biocultural Diversity, and (4) Degrowth and Post-Growth. We identify how these four pathways diverge in the values they prioritize and how these values are inseparable from the kind of knowledge and solutions they advocate to resolve environmental crises. The review reveals the underlying values that differentiate (and connect) competing pathways and argues that transparency and reflection on these differences is a step toward more constructive use of diversity. Looking forward, we identify promising directions involving deliberative governance, institutional reforms, and disruption of dominance
Ideology, Post-Ideology And Anti-Ideology In Latin America: Reflections From The Last Decade
No full textThe Latin American political landscape has already changed substantially in the 21st century. This book offers an approach to the Latin American political panorama that makes room for a post-ideological perspective - exploring its dimensions, main underpinnings, and possibilities - while also subjecting it to criticism and exposing its shortcomings and blind spots. In doing so, it presents a pluralistic view of social and political processes currently taking place in Latin America. Each chapter casts light on the subcontinent's transition from the 20th to the 21st century from different vantage points, countries or regions, and advances comparative lines that enrich our picture of the region as whole. Case studies include Paraguay, Chile, Argentina, Venezuela and Colombia
Observations of Attacks on Sei and Fin Whales by Killer Whales in Magellanic Sub-Antarctic Waters, Chile
No full textRiparian forest patches are critical for forest affiliated birds in farmlands of temperate Chile
No full textThere is ongoing debate among conservationists regarding the value of small habitat patches to sustain wild populations in farmlands. Our goal was to assess bird abundance in riparian forests differing in terms of size, configuration, landscape conditions and degradation level, to both inform the debate and to identify conservation strategies to maintain diverse agricultural landscapes. We conducted bird point-counts in 91 sites in 2016 across an agricultural valley in Chile. Using models that accounted for imperfect detection, we assessed variation in bird densities in riparian forests with different sizes and configuration, landscapes, and habitat characteristics. We found support in univariates models for our prediction that bird densities varied across riparian forest of various sizes and configuration for 10 of 16 bird species. However, when we added landscape and habitat characteristics to the model, we found that the densities of many of the birds were best explained by forest cover around their local (1 ha) and broader (50 ha) landscape combined with forests characteristics (e.g., invasive tree abundance). For example, Black-throated huet-huet and Chucao Tapaculo were positively associated with forest cover at the broader landscape (50 ha), but showed no response to number of patches, patch-size and Euclidean distance. Our results showed no evidence of negative fragmentation effect per se (i.e., after controlling for habitat area). While agricultural landscapes provide habitat for some species that use small forest patches, conservation strategies focusing on maintaining high level of forest cover and native vegetation are required to secure populations of forest affiliated species