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Ocalić od zapomnienia. Melancholia inteligenta w prozie tzw. rozrachunków inteligenckich (1946–1948)
Get PDFThe article deals with the so-called “literature of retribution”, produced between 1946–1948. Postwar literary criticism accused intellectual characters of passivity, self-centeredness and reserve towards contemporary socio-political transformations. The only issue perceived by critics was the attempt to establish the role of the intelligentsia in times of historic breakthrough. My article shows that this way of interpreting the literature of retribution is insufficient. It becomes obvious that the interpretative key used by the literary critics of the 1940s was Marxist ideology, and that their conclusions narrow the scope of the issues touched upon in these novels. These literary works do not only relate the experiences of one social class – they deal with universal issues, those connected with human existence in general and the relationship between the individual, society and the world. The category I use to extract the universal issues from the literary works analysed here is melancholy. The use of the melancholic perspective enriched the traditional interpretation of the “literature of retribution” by lending it a new context and allowing the rehabilitation of the intellectuals it portrayed
Szymborska we Włoszech. Księga zbiorowa z okazji dwudziestolecia przyznania Nobla poetce
Get PDFA collection of articles published to mark the 20th anniversary of the Nobel Prize being awarded to the poetess. This post-conference collection of essays on Wisława Szymborska is the outcome of an academic session and the first separate critical overview published in Italian
Lapsus calami, czyli „radość czytania” Barańczaka
Get PDFThe article presents and interpretation of a Stanisław Barańczak’s poem Łono przyrody [The Bosom of Nature], seldom discussed by specialists. This seemingly simple poem from the volume Ja wiem, że to niesłuszne [I Know It’s Not Right] (1977) elaborates on the common idiomatic phrase ‘the bosom of nature’ and proves to be a masterful and intricate artistic declaration of existential and political disobedience. The “I” of Barańczak’s poem is something of a lapsus of Nature and History, standing in opposition to the mindless existence and enslavement of the communist state. In this sense he is very similar to the subject of Wisława Szymborska’s verse. Her poetic oeuvre, translated and discussed on numerous occasions by Barańczak himself, is indeed an important interpretive context here. The article points to the relationships between specific texts by both poets and depicts similarities and differences between their poetic outlooks.The article presents and interpretation of a Stanisław Barańczak’s poem Łono przyrody [The Bosom of Nature], seldom discussed by specialists. This seemingly simple poem from the volume Ja wiem, że to niesłuszne [I Know It’s Not Right] (1977) elaborates on the common idiomatic phrase ‘the bosom of nature’ and proves to be a masterful and intricate artistic declaration of existential and political disobedience. The “I” of Barańczak’s poem is something of a lapsus of Nature and History, standing in opposition to the mindless existence and enslavement of the communist state. In this sense he is very similar to the subject of Wisława Szymborska’s verse. Her poetic oeuvre, translated and discussed on numerous occasions by Barańczak himself, is indeed an important interpretive context here. The article points to the relationships between specific texts by both poets and depicts similarities and differences between their poetic outlooks
Wittgenstein i argumentacja krytyczna
Get PDFIn his paper Wittgenstein and Critical Reasoning, Richard Shusterman analyses the influence which Wittgensteinian aesthetics has had on contemporary criticism. Concentrating primarily on the second phase of Wittgenstein’s philosophy, Shusterman first demonstrates how the idea of language games and related concepts undermined both essentialist deductive and quasi-scientific inductive models of criticism. In place of these two approaches, Shusterman argues, Wittgensteinian aesthetics offers a new one, which he describes as perceptual-persuasive. In the next step, however, Shusterman observes that Wittgenstein’s followers often commit the very fallacy that Wittgenstein wanted to avoid, by imposing the perceptual persuasive model as the only valid solution for criticism. However, in order to be more in line with Wittgensteinian aesthetics, he argues, we should rather recognise the plurality of possibilities – perceptual-persuasive, deductive or inductive – whose choice depends on the language game currently played
„Rozwiecznione w horyzont”. Wieki średnie Stanisława Barańczaka
Get PDFThe article provides an interpretation of Middle Ages, a poem from Stanisław Barańczak’s debut publication Facial Corrections (1968). Focussing on the way that numerous examples of zeugma and syllepsis are used, the author argues that this poem, which was probably inspired by the first Polish publication of the Waning of the Middle Ages by J. Huizinga, was created through the poet’s reflections on the structure of messianic time (kairos). As such it can be seen as both a polemic with materialism and a criticism of Christianity. In this way Middle Ages proves to be the first of post-secular Barańczak’s poems which herald the wealth of spiritual explorations in his later works
Pod znakiem serca. „Ja” czujące późnej nowoczesności (Leśmian, Joyce, Derrida, Nancy)
Get PDFIn this article I try to show the changing paradigm of romantic expressionism in late modernity. I concentrate on the category of text, which I describe using literature: Bolesław Leśmian’s tale The Adventures of Sindbad the Sailor and a fragment of James Joyce’s Ulysses, as well as theoretical discourses by Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Nancy. I am interested first and foremost in the problem of the arbitrary nature of the bond between heart and word, affect and language. I find this problem to be the core of the possibility of thinking about literary creativity, especially its inventive, poetical potention. I try to explain how affect and language meet in the category of textuality and how modern subjectivity can cope with its basic conflict, which lies in the demand of opening and closing itself to the affective experience of otherness
Polskie literaturoznawstwo ujmowane przez pryzmat stanowiska Stanleya Fisha
Get PDFThis review of Stanislaw Wojtowicz’s book, entitled Stanley Fish’s New Pragmatism and Polish Debates on Literary Studies after 1989, focuses on several selected issues. First of all, the text discusses Fish’s views on the (non) theory of interpretation and interdisciplinarity, as presented byWójtowicz. Secondly, the article weighs up the pros and cons of Fish’s anti-essentialist arguments for professional literary studies. Finally, the review presents a critique criticism of Polish attempts to change literary studies into cultural studies (taking feminist propositions into account)
Przezroczysta lekkość bytu – od Calvina do Bieńczyka
Get PDFTransparency is one of physical esthetic categories that are used to describe literature and other arts. The main aim of this paper is to show how those esthetic categories are used on three levels: esthetic, performatively dramatic and philosophical in modern literature, theater, film and fine arts. The starting point for those considerations are methods of Italo Calvino (“American lectures”) and Marek Bieńczyk (his collection of essays titled “Transparency”) . Calvino’s category of “transparency” (in his attempt to go beyond anthropocentric cognition with the author’s main question: “Is imagination an instrument of cognition?”) is contrasted with Marek Bieńczyk’s term of “transparency”, who has pointed out the positive aspects of paintings (which are not only giving a feeling of emptiness but also provide certainty of clarity and obviousness). In addition to these categories, lucidity and glassiness are featured and a crystal structure is summoned in the context of mistiness as its opposition.Transparency is one of physical esthetic categories that are used to describe literature and other arts. The main aim of this paper is to show how those esthetic categories are used on three levels: esthetic, performatively dramatic and philosophical in modern literature, theater, film and fine arts. The starting point for those considerations are methods of Italo Calvino (“American lectures”) and Marek Bieńczyk (his collection of essays titled “Transparency”) . Calvino’s category of “transparency” (in his attempt to go beyond anthropocentric cognition with the author’s main question: “Is imagination an instrument of cognition?”) is contrasted with Marek Bieńczyk’s term of “transparency”, who has pointed out the positive aspects of paintings (which are not only giving a feeling of emptiness but also provide certainty of clarity and obviousness). In addition to these categories, lucidity and glassiness are featured and a crystal structure is summoned in the context of mistiness as its opposition
Niezwykły użytek z życia i poezji. O Wisławie Szymborskiej
Get PDFThis article is of a comparative nature and attempts to contrast the poetic output of two Nobel prize-winners, i.e. Eugenio Montale and Wisława Szymborska. The author uncovers numerous similarities especially between Montale’s late works and Szymborska’s poetry. This is particularly visible on two planes, i.e. existential reflection and language, as well as poetic means. The Italian poet and Polish poetess focus on the individual presented as being under pressure from the modern world’s vast, impersonal forces, e.g. history, progress etc. They treat the traditional poetic means of expression with mistrust and instead favour the kind of language that is as clear as possible, subject to philosophical reflection, and infused with irony, allegory and paradox
Z estetyką w tle
Get PDFThis editorial discusses the functioning of aesthetics, which is shifting from an academic discipline to live discourse on the contemporary that forms our presence in the world and shapes the nature of art perception. Aesthetics is heading towards the field of post-disciplinary performance studies, allowing the creation of actions that blur the boundary between science and art in the humanities. From its function as guardian of the rules of decorum, aesthetics has become the creator of acts expressing reality in the categories of performance