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Zamiast Szymborskiej? Krystyna Miłobędzka i źródła współczesnej ekopoezji w Polsce
Get PDFThe paper deals with the topic of ecologically oriented poetry of Krystyna Miłobędzka as a vital tradition for 21st-century Polish ecopoets. The author tries to trace the changes in the poetic canon after 1990 and shows the increasing interest in Miłobędzka’s poetry among modern poets. By analyzing mainly meta-poetic texts, the paper contrasts Miłobędzka’s posthumanistic, “event-driven” way of writing with the humanistic lyrical subject of Wisława Szymborska’s poetry. The author presents the former as more influential and more productive for modern, ecopoetic styles, including elements such as: waking the awareness, organic perspective of language, an egalitarian way of life and thinking about relations in categories of space and adhesion rather than domination.The paper deals with the topic of ecologically oriented poetry of Krystyna Miłobędzka as a vital tradition for 21st-century Polish ecopoets. The author tries to trace the changes in the poetic canon after 1990 and shows the increasing interest in Miłobędzka’s poetry among modern poets. By analyzing mainly meta-poetic texts, the paper contrasts Miłobędzka’s posthumanistic, “event-driven” way of writing with the humanistic lyrical subject of Wisława Szymborska’s poetry. The author presents the former as more influential and more productive for modern, ecopoetic styles, including elements such as: waking the awareness, organic perspective of language, an egalitarian way of life and thinking about relations in categories of space and adhesion rather than domination
„Sprawy korzenne”. Fenomenologia Zuzanny Ginczanki
Get PDFThe paper concerns Zuzanna Ginczanka’s floristic signatures (trees, flowers and fruits), which are used by the poet to construct literary tropes. It shows how, by means of these signatures, the following oppositions are introduced: life/death, surface/depth, outside/inside, form/substance, phenomenon/essence. The crux of the argument is that in Ginczanka’s poetry there is a conflict concerning the value of phenomenology, i.e. what is really important: the phenomena (trees, flowers, fruits) or the hidden essences („the Questions of Root”)? I go on to argue that the poet’s thinking corresponds to Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy, in which the subject’s experience is considered to be related to his life environment and the philosophy of the body is identified with the phenomenology of perception. Emphasizing „the Questions of Root” in the very title of the paper indicates what is most problematic for Ginczanka and, at the same time, what determines her recognition of poetry as an expression of unattainable desires.The paper concerns Zuzanna Ginczanka’s floristic signatures (trees, flowers and fruits), which are used by the poet to construct literary tropes. It shows how, by means of these signatures, the following oppositions are introduced: life/death, surface/depth, outside/inside, form/substance, phenomenon/essence. The crux of the argument is that in Ginczanka’s poetry there is a conflict concerning the value of phenomenology, i.e. what is really important: the phenomena (trees, flowers, fruits) or the hidden essences („the Questions of Root”)? I go on to argue that the poet’s thinking corresponds to Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy, in which the subject’s experience is considered to be related to his life environment and the philosophy of the body is identified with the phenomenology of perception. Emphasizing „the Questions of Root” in the very title of the paper indicates what is most problematic for Ginczanka and, at the same time, what determines her recognition of poetry as an expression of unattainable desires
Śladem promieni Czarnego słońca Kurahary Koreyoshiego. Negrofilia w kinie japońskim
Get PDFThis article explores two films by Kurahara Koreyoshi: Black Sun and Safari 5000, in the context of the scholars John Russell and Jonathan D. Mackintosh’s approaches to racism and so-called negrophilia in Japanese mass-culture and cinema. The authors argue that cultural stereotypes even have a negative impact on the artistically original Japanese directors, who only seem to be independent and express their thoughts freely.This article explores two films by Kurahara Koreyoshi: Black Sun and Safari 5000, in the context of the scholars John Russell and Jonathan D. Mackintosh’s approaches to racism and so-called negrophilia in Japanese mass-culture and cinema. The authors argue that cultural stereotypes even have a negative impact on the artistically original Japanese directors, who only seem to be independent and express their thoughts freely
Tekst infirmeryjny albo topografia doświadczenia medycznego
Get PDFThe article is a theoretical proposition for a new research category applied to descriptions of diseases within cultural texts. The author proposes a category tying together spatiality and disease, hence the concept of infirmary, which testifies to the complex relationships between space and the experience of illness, or more generally, medical experience, or between the place and the existence of a diseased person, the topography of medical experience. The word „infirmary” will at first glance evoke images of sickbay, i.e. the place for individuals suffering from a medical condition, where they are provided with treatment, and the locus of norm-transgression (that is to say, the norms of the sane society), as well as of stigmatization practices concerning the individual transgressors or deviants, and also of whatever actions are performed on those very individuals (for example, at the hands of doctors or medical personnel). In a nutshell, the concept will evoke all the forms of experience connected with health, disease, treatment practice (both in terms of those providing treatment and those being treated). The infirmary text will be a concept bringing together the narratives of a specific medical experience and the place/space, merging the discourse of disease (but also of health) with a spatial perspective. When speaking of infirmary text, we enter a very broad and multidimensional area situated between literature and medicine. An infirmary text is not limited to all spatial narratives concerning medical experiences, but also touches on extreme emotional experience (the power of affect), the diseases of soma and psyche, the medical institutions and the professional and social roles within their premises, the histories of diseases (especially in the form of autobiographical narratives), affective constructs in which emotions carry the role of „playing the part” of the world and constituting identities.The article is a theoretical proposition for a new research category applied to descriptions of diseases within cultural texts. The author proposes a category tying together spatiality and disease, hence the concept of infirmary, which testifies to the complex relationships between space and the experience of illness, or more generally, medical experience, or between the place and the existence of a diseased person, the topography of medical experience. The word „infirmary” will at first glance evoke images of sickbay, i.e. the place for individuals suffering from a medical condition, where they are provided with treatment, and the locus of norm-transgression (that is to say, the norms of the sane society), as well as of stigmatization practices concerning the individual transgressors or deviants, and also of whatever actions are performed on those very individuals (for example, at the hands of doctors or medical personnel). In a nutshell, the concept will evoke all the forms of experience connected with health, disease, treatment practice (both in terms of those providing treatment and those being treated). The infirmary text will be a concept bringing together the narratives of a specific medical experience and the place/space, merging the discourse of disease (but also of health) with a spatial perspective. When speaking of infirmary text, we enter a very broad and multidimensional area situated between literature and medicine. An infirmary text is not limited to all spatial narratives concerning medical experiences, but also touches on extreme emotional experience (the power of affect), the diseases of soma and psyche, the medical institutions and the professional and social roles within their premises, the histories of diseases (especially in the form of autobiographical narratives), affective constructs in which emotions carry the role of „playing the part” of the world and constituting identities
„Antynaturalizm” Gombrowicza albo po co ekokrytyce pamięć o nowoczesności
Get PDFThe article discusses Gombrowicz’s declared “anti-naturalism”, which is often seen as a gesture of negating the non-human world as boring and unworthy of interacting with. Nevertheless, this seemingly radical anthropocentrism does not imply absolute indifference. On the contrary, human anti-naturalness, as emphasized in the work of Gombrowicz, is considered arbitrary, founded on logocentrism and influential interpersonal doctrines. It may therefore be a tragic experience – depriving of a sense of belonging, but also deflating self-confidence, which is grounded in the belief in nature’s otherness. Gombrowicz’s “anti-naturalism”, crucial for the experience of modernity, relates to the problem of definition. The aversion to the non-human is, in fact, the fear of recognising one’s own non-identity; the angst caused by blurring the boundaries that used to arrange the world. It also leads to ignorance, cruelty and a state of “blissful unawareness” on the issues of animal others. In this respect, the writer’s remarks can be very inspiring for ecocritical thought. Gombrowicz once again reminds the reader of the necessity to stop conceiving “Human” as stable, homogenic and self-assured identity and for that reason, collaboration between ecocriticism and posthumanist critical approaches seems unavoidable.The article discusses Gombrowicz’s declared “anti-naturalism”, which is often seen as a gesture of negating the non-human world as boring and unworthy of interacting with. Nevertheless, this seemingly radical anthropocentrism does not imply absolute indifference. On the contrary, human anti-naturalness, as emphasized in the work of Gombrowicz, is considered arbitrary, founded on logocentrism and influential interpersonal doctrines. It may therefore be a tragic experience – depriving of a sense of belonging, but also deflating self-confidence, which is grounded in the belief in nature’s otherness. Gombrowicz’s “anti-naturalism”, crucial for the experience of modernity, relates to the problem of definition. The aversion to the non-human is, in fact, the fear of recognising one’s own non-identity; the angst caused by blurring the boundaries that used to arrange the world. It also leads to ignorance, cruelty and a state of “blissful unawareness” on the issues of animal others. In this respect, the writer’s remarks can be very inspiring for ecocritical thought. Gombrowicz once again reminds the reader of the necessity to stop conceiving “Human” as stable, homogenic and self-assured identity and for that reason, collaboration between ecocriticism and posthumanist critical approaches seems unavoidable