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Filmowe reprezentacje seksualności osób niepełnosprawnych – przykład polski
Get PDFDisability in Polish films is not a marginal issue. As a film topic, it has been explored in many different ways and contexts due to a nexus of diverse relations, trends and social phenomena. All of which have revealed the degree of intensity of the phenomenon as well as its historic changeability. On the one hand, such images have been a reflection of the filmmakers’ interests and, on the other, a source of knowledge on disability and a kind of catalyst for socio-moral transformation shaping the attitudes and behaviour of society towards the disabled. The problem is presented by,, images of disabled film characters, which are widely used in Polish cinematography and often built on social stereotypes, as well as by the communicative strategies used by filmmakers in their works on disability. In this context, films about disability have played an opinion-forming role, contributing greatly to an enhanced image of disabled people in society and widening their area of activity. The sexuality of people with disabilities is portrayed as asexuality and hypersexuality, and in Polish cinema it mainly concerns the emotional sphere, and less so the physical.Disability in Polish films is not a marginal issue. As a film topic, it has been explored in many different ways and contexts due to a nexus of diverse relations, trends and social phenomena. All of which have revealed the degree of intensity of the phenomenon as well as its historic changeability. On the one hand, such images have been a reflection of the filmmakers’ interests and, on the other, a source of knowledge on disability and a kind of catalyst for socio-moral transformation shaping the attitudes and behaviour of society towards the disabled. The problem is presented by,, images of disabled film characters, which are widely used in Polish cinematography and often built on socialstereotypes, as well as by the communicative strategies used by filmmakers in their works on disability. In this context, films about disability have played an opinion-forming role, contributing greatly to an enhanced image of disabled people in society and widening their area of activity. The sexuality of people with disabilities is portrayed as asexuality and hypersexuality, and in Polish cinema it mainly concerns the emotional sphere, and less so the physical
Wittgenstein jako filozof kultury
Get PDFThe paper raises the question of the extent to which Wittgenstein’s philosophy can be read as a philosophy of culture. The answer aims at grasping the conceptual bonds between three aspects of Wittgenstein’s thought: first, his taking both language and thinking to be expressions of a ‘form of life’ (or culture); second, his taking philosophical theories to result from some disorders that occur in ‘language games’; and third, his critique and rejection of the scientific and technical civilization. The paper advances the thesis that the task of bringing words back from their metaphysical to their everyday use – recommended by Wittgenstein – can be understood as a critique of scientism and culture dominated by scientific and technical rationality.The paper raises the question of the extent to which Wittgenstein’s philosophy can be read as a philosophy of culture. The answer aims at grasping the conceptual bonds between three aspects of Wittgenstein’s thought: first, his taking both language and thinking to be expressions of a ‘form of life’ (or culture); second, his taking philosophical theories to result from some disorders that occur in ‘language games’; and third, his critique and rejection of the scientific and technical civilization. The paper advances the thesis that the task of bringing words back from their metaphysical to their everyday use – recommended by Wittgenstein – can be understood as a critique of scientism and culture dominated by scientific and technical rationality
An Unfortunate Mistake or a Witkacy Dodge?
Get PDFIn the Poetry of Philosophers anthology (Kraków–Wrocław 1984) Wit Jaworski published 221 works by 114 authors, starting with Tales from Milet to John Paul II. Almost all known philosophers composed poetry, which often complemented their philosophical reflections or concepts. The list of names also includes Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, who wrote poems from his youth until his death, although at the same time regretting that he had no poetic talent and used some of his works in his dramas as examples of a graphomaniac’s work. Many poems have a humorous and parodical, which brings them closer to his numerous grotesque drawings. They were collected and published by Anna Micińska in an album entitled Wistość tych rzeczy jest nie z świata tego (Kraków 1977), illustrated by Urszula Kenar. In the anthology, under the name of Witkiewicz, there is a poem which begins with words: “Otom jest zwyciężony/ Ginę zgubą wszelkiego żywego stworzenia”. There is no doubt that this is the beginning of the third stanza of the well-known poem by Czesław Miłosz entitled St. Ign. Witkiewicz, published in the volume Ocalenie (Warsaw 1945). Is it an unfortunate mistake on the part of the author of the anthology, a seasoned critic and experienced editor, or is it his fortune to confuse the censor, who did not allow Miłosz’s texts to be published and thus to “smuggle” his poem in under the guise of Witkiewicz? The puzzle remains unresolved. The mistake is inscribed in the history of Witkacy’s so-called “dodges”, which he did to his friends and acquaintances, and then to those who dealt with his life and work. To attribute to him the authorship of Miłosz’s excellent work would certainly make him happy.In the Poetry of Philosophers anthology (Kraków–Wrocław 1984) Wit Jaworski published 221 works by 114 authors, starting with Tales from Milet to John Paul II. Almost all known philosophers composed poetry, which often complemented their philosophical reflections or concepts. The list of names also includes Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, who wrote poems from his youth until his death, although at the same time regretting that he had no poetic talent and used some of his works in his dramas as examples of a graphomaniac’s work. Many poems have a humorous and parodical, which brings them closer to his numerous grotesque drawings. They were collected and published by Anna Micińska in an album entitled Wistość tych rzeczy jest nie z świata tego (Kraków 1977), illustrated by Urszula Kenar. In the anthology, under the name of Witkiewicz, there is a poem which begins with words: “Otom jest zwyciężony/ Ginę zgubą wszelkiego żywego stworzenia”. There is no doubt that this is the beginning of the third stanza of the well-known poem by Czesław Miłosz entitled St. Ign. Witkiewicz, published in the volume Ocalenie (Warsaw 1945). Is it an unfortunate mistake on the part of the author of the anthology, a seasoned critic and experienced editor, or is it his fortune to confuse the censor, who did not allow Miłosz’s texts to be published and thus to “smuggle” his poem in under the guise of Witkiewicz? The puzzle remains unresolved. The mistake is inscribed in the history of Witkacy’s so-called “dodges”, which he did to his friends and acquaintances, and then to those who dealt with his life and work. To attribute to him the authorship of Miłosz’s excellent work would certainly make him happy
Katapulta, czyli przygody polonistyki niezdyscyplinowanej
Get PDFThis article is about the possibilities of transdisciplinary research and was written from the perspective of the specialist in Polish philology. The paper also refers to proposals presented at the 12th Convention of Specialists in Polish Studies [Zjazd Polonistów] (2011) and the volume Nowa humanistyka (New Humanities) (2017). These texts postulated transforming the specific “identity” of Polish philology into cultural studies or anthropology of literature and an attempt to “build bridges” with other specializations so far falling within the paradigm of interdisciplinarity. The author proposes a better way to cross the traditional divisions between the humanities and sciences and presents the term “transdisciplinarity”, which is somehow connected to the metaphor of “jumping over the wall”. Consequently, he proposes the figure of the catapult, which is used in poetics, is derived from the military machine, and is now understood as a rescue launcher. Thinking in terms of catapult assume a ferocity and the risk of entering foreign territory, the need to enter into a direct, concrete and difficult relationship with another world (of matter, laws, methods and problems).This article is about the possibilities of transdisciplinary research and was written from the perspective of the specialist in Polish philology. The paper also refers to proposals presented at the 12th Convention of Specialists in Polish Studies [Zjazd Polonistów] (2011) and the volume Nowa humanistyka (New Humanities) (2017). These texts postulated transforming the specific “identity” of Polish philology into cultural studies or anthropology of literature and an attempt to “build bridges” with other specializations so far falling within the paradigm of interdisciplinarity. The author proposes a better way to cross the traditional divisions between the humanities and sciences and presents the term “transdisciplinarity”, which is somehow connected to the metaphor of “jumping over the wall”. Consequently, he proposes the figure of the catapult, which is used in poetics, is derived from the military machine, and is now understood as a rescue launcher. Thinking in terms of catapult assume a ferocity and the risk of entering foreign territory, the need to enter into a direct, concrete and difficult relationship with another world (of matter, laws, methods and problems)
W splocie z przeszłością. Historiografia w literaturze dla dzieci i młodzieży w XXI wieku w perspektywie nowej humanistyki
Get PDFLiterature for children and youth is reinterpreted under the influence of the new humanities. For example, prose from the 20th century is subjected to postcolonial read-outs (In Desert and Wilderness [W pustyni i w puszczy] by Henryk Sienkiewicz, the novel cycle by Alfred Szklarski), an eco-critical reading of the works of Tove Jansson, Hugh Lofting and the Polish writers Ludwik Jerzy Kern and Dorota Terakowska is proposed. On the other hand, works based on historical issues create a thematically focused series of publications, genealogical and geanological cycles, which are also fictionalized biographies, separate works referring to the lineage of the Polish state and dynastic linagees, post-memory narratives of a so-called “second generation” about the experience of the Second World War, and works on migration issues. The examples of literary historiography for adolescents mentioned and described in the article, captured in several areas of the formal issues, can be read through the prism of many analytical and interpretative practices, overlapping and incompletemethodologies. Retentional direction of reading, with the horizon of the past inscribed in it, does not exclude a protentional-oriented towards the future and environmental change, motivated by postcolonial revisions of old works, important issues of the 21st century (migration, post-memory), and a non-anthropocentric perception of reality. Their analysis should take into account the “poetics of history”, tropology of the narrative and narrative strategies (which Hayden White wrote about). Moreover, entangling the past with the present of the child-reader (and in fact with their future), seems to be a necessary condition for its interiorization, for recognizing it as one’s own, for admitting it. It always has a multitemporal, multigenerational and multicultural character.Literature for children and youth is reinterpreted under the influence of the new humanities. For example, prose from the 20th century is subjected to postcolonial read-outs (In Desert and Wilderness [W pustyni i w puszczy] by Henryk Sienkiewicz, the novel cycle by Alfred Szklarski), an eco-critical reading of the works of Tove Jansson, Hugh Lofting and the Polish writers Ludwik Jerzy Kern and Dorota Terakowska is proposed. On the other hand, works based on historical issues create a thematically focused series of publications, genealogical and geanological cycles, which are also fictionalized biographies, separate works referring to the lineage of the Polish state and dynastic linagees, post-memory narratives of a so-called “second generation” about the experience of the Second World War, and works on migration issues. The examples of literary historiography for adolescents mentioned and described in the article, captured in several areas of the formal issues, can be read through the prism of many analytical and interpretative practices, overlapping and incompletemethodologies. Retentional direction of reading, with the horizon of the past inscribed in it, does not exclude a protentional-oriented towards the future and environmental change, motivated by postcolonial revisions of old works, important issues of the 21st century (migration, post-memory), and a non-anthropocentric perception of reality. Their analysis should take into account the “poetics of history”, tropology of the narrative and narrative strategies (which Hayden White wrote about). Moreover, entangling the past with the present of the child-reader (and in fact with their future), seems to be a necessary condition for its interiorization, for recognizing it as one’s own, for admitting it. It always has a multitemporal, multigenerational and multicultural character
„Frank, ciągle tam jesteś?”. O listach i książkach w filmie 84 Charing Cross Road (1987)
Get PDFPławuszewski Piotr, „Frank, ciągle tam jesteś?”. O listach i książkach w filmie 84 Charing Cross Road (1987) [“Frank, you still there?”. On books and letters in David Jones’ 84 Charing Cross Road (1987)]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 93–114. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.4.
84 Charing Cross Road (1987, dir. by David Jones) is the story of 20-year-long (1949–1969) correspondence between the American writer Helene Hanff and London antiquarian Frank Doel. The letters (edited and prepared for printing by Hanff) were published under the same title in 1970. This article is a precise analysis of the film work, particularly in the context of the two most important elements of its narrative and semantic plane (excluding the strictly historical introductory part). The first is a letter, understood mainly in its artistic function, the second, a book, both as a material object and a medium of literary content. Treating the epistolary material with ingenuity worthy of respect, the filmmakers managed to create one of the most convincing images of literary culture in the history of cinema, albeit one rather forgotten nowadays.Pławuszewski Piotr, „Frank, ciągle tam jesteś?”. O listach i książkach w filmie 84 Charing Cross Road (1987) [“Frank, you still there?”. On books and letters in David Jones’ 84 Charing Cross Road (1987)]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 93–114. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.4.
84 Charing Cross Road (1987, dir. by David Jones) is the story of 20-year-long (1949–1969) correspondence between the American writer Helene Hanff and London antiquarian Frank Doel. The letters (edited and prepared for printing by Hanff) were published under the same title in 1970. This article is a precise analysis of the film work, particularly in the context of the two most important elements of its narrative and semantic plane (excluding the strictly historical introductory part). The first is a letter, understood mainly in its artistic function, the second, a book, both as a material object and a medium of literary content. Treating the epistolary material with ingenuity worthy of respect, the filmmakers managed to create one of the most convincing images of literary culture in the history of cinema, albeit one rather forgotten nowadays
Nieprzezroczystość ekfrazy: reprezentowanie, zapośredniczanie i przekład w opisach artefaktów
Get PDFThe article concentrates on the non-transparency of ekphrasis, including the relevance - in the case of a full, in-depth analysis of particular ekphrasis - not only of the description but also of the artefact itself. The text reflects upon subjects rarely dealt with in ekphrasis research, such as on the meaning and relations of the concepts ‘presentation’ and ‘representation’. There is a focus on the question of multi-layered mediation, which is related to this discourse figure: through language, through the viewer’s perspective who writes about the work, through the reader themself, and also, or perhaps first and foremost, through the work itself. This all results in ekphrasis being treated as a representation of representation. This also gives rise to thoughts on the problem of translating the visual system to verbal and the issues related to this.The article concentrates on the non-transparency of ekphrasis, including the relevance - in the case of a full, in-depth analysis of particular ekphrasis - not only of the description but also of the artefact itself. The text reflects upon subjects rarely dealt with in ekphrasis research, such as on the meaning and relations of the concepts ‘presentation’ and ‘representation’. There is a focus on the question of multi-layered mediation, which is related to this discourse figure: through language, through the viewer’s perspective who writes about the work, through the reader themself, and also, or perhaps first and foremost, through the work itself. This all results in ekphrasis being treated as a representation of representation. This also gives rise to thoughts on the problem of translating the visual system to verbal and the issues related to this
Tłumaczka Aleksandra Olędzka-Frybesowa jako eseistka i poetka
Get PDFThis article presents the essays and poems of Aleksandra Olędzka-Frybesowa, who was a renowned translator from French and also English. In her essays, Olędzka-Frybesowa specialises in the Romanesque and Gothic architecture and sculpture of Western Europe as well as European painting from Medieval Ages onwards. She is also familiar with the art of South-East Europe. Her essays cover literary criticism devoted especially to poetry, with a particular interest in French and mystical poetry, as well as haiku, which was also her own artistic activity. The author of this article analyses Olędzka-Frybesowa’s ten volumes of poems, which follow a thematic pattern, especially the theme of wind (air). The analysis provides various insights into a variety of functions of this particular theme, from reality-based meanings to mystical and ethical features. This variety of funtions of the wind theme is supported by a particular melody of the poem and its abundant use of metaphors.This article presents the essays and poems of Aleksandra Olędzka-Frybesowa, who was a renowned translator from French and also English. In her essays, Olędzka-Frybesowa specialises in the Romanesque and Gothic architecture and sculpture of Western Europe as well as European painting from Medieval Ages onwards. She is also familiar with the art of South-East Europe. Her essays cover literary criticism devoted especially to poetry, with a particular interest in French and mystical poetry, as well as haiku, which was also her own artistic activity. The author of this article analyses Olędzka-Frybesowa’s ten volumes of poems, which follow a thematic pattern, especially the theme of wind (air). The analysis provides various insights into a variety of functions of this particular theme, from reality-based meanings to mystical and ethical features. This variety of funtions of the wind theme is supported by a particular melody of the poem and its abundant use of metaphors
Rzeźbiarz i filozof. Constantin Brâncuşi w interpretacjach Constantina Noiki
Get PDFThe article Sculptor and philosopher deals with the Romanian thinker Constantin Noica’s interpretations of Constantin Brâncuşi’s work. These interpretations are presented with regard to Noica’s philosophical concepts, in particular his reflections on Romanian culture and the sense of being manifested within it. Of fundamental importance in his interpretations is the category of becoming within being – the most important idea developed by Noica and which he applied in many fields of philosophy.The article Sculptor and philosopher deals with the Romanian thinker Constantin Noica’s interpretations of Constantin Brâncuşi’s work. These interpretations are presented with regard to Noica’s philosophical concepts, in particular his reflections on Romanian culture and the sense of being manifested within it. Of fundamental importance in his interpretations is the category of becoming within being – the most important idea developed by Noica and which he applied in many fields of philosophy.