Przestrzenie Teorii
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Narracje głodu czy narracje o głodzie?
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to enumerate the main types of discourses in which the phenomenon of hunger is represented. These are following: culture of hunger (an anthropological and ethnological term describing cultural formations based on the problem of famine), politics of hunger (starvation used for political reasons), poetics of hunger (hunger as a component of a piece of art). The question about the difference between the presence of hunger (hunger’s narrative) and the representation of hunger (narrative of hunger) is the main problem of this essay. Brejnak claims that on the one hand, there is no unnarrated hunger (a natural/pure hunger) in cultural communication. On the other hand, he underlines that the experience of hunger as such is non-transitive and verbally inexpressible.The aim of this article is to enumerate the main types of discourses in which the phenomenon of hunger is represented. These are following: culture of hunger (an anthropological and ethnological term describing cultural formations based on the problem of famine), politics of hunger (starvation used for political reasons), poetics of hunger (hunger as a component of a piece of art). The question about the difference between the presence of hunger (hunger’s narrative) and the representation of hunger (narrative of hunger) is the main problem of this essay. Brejnak claims that on the one hand, there is no unnarrated hunger (a natural/pure hunger) in cultural communication. On the other hand, he underlines that the experience of hunger as such is non-transitive and verbally inexpressible
Dialog zgody jako neoretoryczny projekt Bachtina
Get PDFThe article is dedicated to the idea of dialogism in the philosophy of Mikhail Bakhtin. The author assumes that the dialogism of this Russian philosopher of ideas and literary critic is presented in a new light as a clearly valid intention in humanistic thinking. The focus is particularly turned towards the notion of the “dialogue of agreement”. The author examines various communication strategies (of submission, tolerance, convergence). Moreover, attention is drawn to the non-authoritarian, trans-- hierarchical types of resultative communication which leads to the convergence of awareness. The dialogic relation of agreement is perceived as the ultimate goal of every dialogue.The article is dedicated to the idea of dialogism in the philosophy of Mikhail Bakhtin. The author assumes that the dialogism of this Russian philosopher of ideas and literary critic is presented in a new light as a clearly valid intention in humanistic thinking. The focus is particularly turned towards the notion of the “dialogue of agreement”. The author examines various communication strategies (of submission, tolerance, convergence). Moreover, attention is drawn to the non-authoritarian, trans-- hierarchical types of resultative communication which leads to the convergence of awareness. The dialogic relation of agreement is perceived as the ultimate goal of every dialogue
Być w mówieniu i być mówionym – o teorii języka Jacques’a Lacana i jej konsekwencjach dla podmiotowości
Get PDFIt seems rather obvious that Jacques Lacan’s theory is Freudian psychoanalysis combined with structural linguistics. But it is not so conclusive: in Lacan’s work we can find many elements with different origins to linguistics. Moreover, Lacan’s subversion of structuralist theses makes any unambiguous assignment impossible. In the article, the author describes the evolution of Lacan’s theory of language and its consequences for the issue of subjectivity in psychoanalysis resulting from the use of linguistic tools.It seems rather obvious that Jacques Lacan’s theory is Freudian psychoanalysis combined with structural linguistics. But it is not so conclusive: in Lacan’s work we can find many elements with different origins to linguistics. Moreover, Lacan’s subversion of structuralist theses makes any unambiguous assignment impossible. In the article, the author describes the evolution of Lacan’s theory of language and its consequences for the issue of subjectivity in psychoanalysis resulting from the use of linguistic tools
(Post)archaiczność obrazu
Get PDFThe proximity of the late archaic Greek philosophical breakthrough and postmodernity relies on the analogy of a media and intellectual revolution that takes place in both periods. Greek culture of the 6th and early 5th century BCE gradually moves from orality to literacy, from performativity and affection towards an intellectual view of the world and reflective being, from a world that is shared with non-human beings to the world of human monody. Modernity, however, seems to reverse these trends. Nevertheless, we do not go into the past but reach a higher level of archaicity. From this point of view, postmodernity becomes postarchaicity; this is a chance that in the moment of historical contiguity, vivisection of our culture will reveal still active common places, allowing us to explore images before the metaphysical era. The starting point of the analysis is the question“What is the image?” posed by Maurice Blanchot and his extremely insightful answer to this question.The proximity of the late archaic Greek philosophical breakthrough and postmodernity relies on the analogy of a media and intellectual revolution that takes place in both periods. Greek culture of the 6th and early 5th century BCE gradually moves from orality to literacy, from performativity and affection towards an intellectual view of the world and reflective being, from a world that is shared with non-human beings to the world of human monody. Modernity, however, seems to reverse these trends. Nevertheless, we do not go into the past but reach a higher level of archaicity. From this point of view, postmodernity becomes postarchaicity; this is a chance that in the moment of historical contiguity, vivisection of our culture will reveal still active common places, allowing us to explore images before the metaphysical era. The starting point of the analysis is the question“What is the image?” posed by Maurice Blanchot and his extremely insightful answer to this question
Sekrety Zenona Fajfera
Get PDFLiberature, the literary project created by Zenon Fajfer and Katarzyna Bazarnik, is usually read from the material perspective, which emphasizes the formal qualities of a work. The article tries to choose a different path. Firstly, it constructs the figure of a secret as the unrevealed foundation of Fajfer’s books. Secondly, it proposes to read this secret in the Marano mode. Hence, the secret of Marano, a Jew who has to conceal his own identity, supported by Jacques Derrida’s observations, becomes a departure point for a new hermeneutic model.Liberature, the literary project created by Zenon Fajfer and Katarzyna Bazarnik, is usually read from the material perspective, which emphasizes the formal qualities of a work. The article tries to choose a different path. Firstly, it constructs the figure of a secret as the unrevealed foundation of Fajfer’s books. Secondly, it proposes to read this secret in the Marano mode. Hence, the secret of Marano, a Jew who has to conceal his own identity, supported by Jacques Derrida’s observations, becomes a departure point for a new hermeneutic model
Rzut oka na trylogię (pod redakcją) Danuty Ulickiej
Get PDFThe article contains a synthetic overview of the trilogy The Age of Theory, edited by Danuta Ulicka. It is the first comprehensive study of the achievements of Polish theoretical literary studies since its birth in the 1920s. The edition includes a multi-author monograph, organized according to “cultural themes” (as understood by Opler), to which the author of the article devotes most of her attention,and an extensive selection of texts preceded by factual introductions (two volumes of anthology) representative of the problem blocks discussed in the first part. Without questioning the content of the anthology, and especially the cognitive value of the monograph, which is based on innovative methodological assumptions and proves that modern literary theory was born in Central and Eastern Europe, and Polish works played an important role in its development, the author wishes it included the work of W. Borowy, the pioneer of intertextuality or J. Baudouin de Courtenay’s texts, which foresaw heteroglosia and minus-device.The article contains a synthetic overview of the trilogy The Age of Theory, edited by Danuta Ulicka. It is the first comprehensive study of the achievements of Polish theoretical literary studies since its birth in the 1920s. The edition includes a multi-author monograph, organized according to “cultural themes” (as understood by Opler), to which the author of the article devotes most of her attention,and an extensive selection of texts preceded by factual introductions (two volumes of anthology) representative of the problem blocks discussed in the first part. Without questioning the content of the anthology, and especially the cognitive value of the monograph, which is based on innovative methodological assumptions and proves that modern literary theory was born in Central and Eastern Europe, and Polish works played an important role in its development, the author wishes it included the work of W. Borowy, the pioneer of intertextuality or J. Baudouin de Courtenay’s texts, which foresaw heteroglosia and minus-device
W stronę teorii hybrydowych – między studiami o niesprawności i posthumanizmem
Get PDFThe author analyses the theoretical and empirical convergence between posthumanist studies and disability studies. She begins with an explanation of the philosophy and tasks that researchers on posthuman disability set themselves. She discusses this issue using the example of the movie Orchids. My Intersex Adventure by the Australian director Phoebe Hart and her autobiographical texts. In the last part of the article, the author focuses on the concept of hybrid theories based on intersectionality.The author analyses the theoretical and empirical convergence between posthumanist studies and disability studies. She begins with an explanation of the philosophy and tasks that researchers on posthuman disability set themselves. She discusses this issue using the example of the movie Orchids. My Intersex Adventure by the Australian director Phoebe Hart and her autobiographical texts. In the last part of the article, the author focuses on the concept of hybrid theories based on intersectionality
Poza słowami – Marcela Marceau koncepcja milczenia
Get PDFThe article deals with the concept of silence developed by Marcel Marceau, one of the founders of contemporary mime. An analysis of the concept of silence is proposed, starting from a broader research, linguistic and philosophical perspective, encompassing the ideas of Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merlau-Ponty, Józef Tischner and Martin Buber, which aims at an interpretation of Marceau’s theatrical concept, which is presented in his work and statements and contains many elements of philosophical anthropology. For Marceau, the human stands in the center, working in a world where words fail. Mime artist and spectator conduct a distinctive dialogue without using words, thus giving rise to reflections and leading to catharsis. Because the scope of the concept is wide, it has been included in the cognitive framework of the anthropology of silence, proving that Marceau’s concept enriches the debate on the anthropology of silence and opens the perspective for further research on his concept of theater.The article deals with the concept of silence developed by Marcel Marceau, one of the founders of contemporary mime. An analysis of the concept of silence is proposed, starting from a broader research, linguistic and philosophical perspective, encompassing the ideas of Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merlau-Ponty, Józef Tischner and Martin Buber, which aims at an interpretation of Marceau’s theatrical concept, which is presented in his work and statements and contains many elements of philosophical anthropology. For Marceau, the human stands in the center, working in a world where words fail. Mime artist and spectator conduct a distinctive dialogue without using words, thus giving rise to reflections and leading to catharsis. Because the scope of the concept is wide, it has been included in the cognitive framework of the anthropology of silence, proving that Marceau’s concept enriches the debate on the anthropology of silence and opens the perspective for further research on his concept of theater
Dziennikarska archeologia rzeczy w reportażach biograficznych Angeliki Kuźniak
Get PDFThe article presents Angelika Kuźniak’s biographical reportages in the context of the theory referred to as “the return to things”. The analysis focuses on the books Marlene, Papusza and Stryjeńska. Diabli nadali. The stories of the women artists’ lives are a kind of journalistic archaeology of things. The aim of this article is to show that the material culture elements presented in Kuźniak’s books reflect characteristic features of women. Things are treated as objects of aesthetic contemplation, one of the most important journalistic sources of information, traces of the past, as well as a kind of message about history.The article presents Angelika Kuźniak’s biographical reportages in the context of the theory referred to as “the return to things”. The analysis focuses on the books Marlene, Papusza and Stryjeńska. Diabli nadali. The stories of the women artists’ lives are a kind of journalistic archaeology of things. The aim of this article is to show that the material culture elements presented in Kuźniak’s books reflect characteristic features of women. Things are treated as objects of aesthetic contemplation, one of the most important journalistic sources of information, traces of the past, as well as a kind of message about history
„Zwijanie” ponowoczesności. O nowym realizmie Maurizia Ferrarisa
Get PDFThis article presents the views of Maurizio Ferraris, one of today’s best-known Italian middle-generation philosophers. Since the end of the 1990s, he has been constructing a concept he calls new realism. It is a critique of postmodernism defined in the broad sense, which, in Ferraris’ view, is characterised by the primacy of interpretation over facts, epistemology over ontology, conceptual schemes over reality. Ferraris assumes the possibility of strictly separating the two cognitive activities: the primary determination of facts and their secondary interpretation. Ferraris’ realist views are also expressed in his aesthetics and the concept of social document, founded on the notion of trace understood in the material sense. The author also attempts to critique Ferraris’ views on his understanding of realism and interpretation.This article presents the views of Maurizio Ferraris, one of today’s best-known Italian middle-generation philosophers. Since the end of the 1990s, he has been constructing a concept he calls new realism. It is a critique of postmodernism defined in the broad sense, which, in Ferraris’ view, is characterised by the primacy of interpretation over facts, epistemology over ontology, conceptual schemes over reality. Ferraris assumes the possibility of strictly separating the two cognitive activities: the primary determination of facts and their secondary interpretation. Ferraris’ realist views are also expressed in his aesthetics and the concept of social document, founded on the notion of trace understood in the material sense. The author also attempts to critique Ferraris’ views on his understanding of realism and interpretation