UMT Journal Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
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INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM PANDAN AND LEMONGRASS AGAINST THE ADULT RED PALM WEEVIL
No full textThe goal of this study is to ascertain whether the essential oils (EOs) derived from the plants Pandanus amaryllifolius (pandan) and Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) have any potential to be effective insecticides against the adult Rynchophorus ferrugineus (red palm weevil, RPW). The effectiveness of the EOs is evaluated based on their capacity to kill RPW instantly upon contact and also on their ability to block acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes. These EOs’ impact on protein synthesis was also identified. After five days of exposure, the mortality rate of RPWs was found to be between 11% and 33%, with female RPWs being more affected than male RPWs. However, increasing the concentration of EOs from 5% to 10% (v/v) had no discernible effect on mortality. Both EOs are ineffective AChE inhibitors because they had no effect and rather increased the activity of the enzyme. The enzyme AChE in female RPWs is significantly inhibited by just 10% of the lemongrass. With the exception of 10% EOs, which markedly increased the TSP of female RPWs, the RPWs’ total soluble proteins (TSP) were much lower after treatment. In conclusion, both EOs have the potential to be applied as insecticides against adult RPW. Additionally, it may be said that both EOs function in a similar way towards RPW. These results add to the body of knowledge regarding the search for new insecticides that may be helpful in controlling the RPW because this study has yet to be conducted before
MARITIME MUSEUMS VS SEAPORT MUSEUMS NAVIGATING THE EVOLUTION FROM MARITIME PORT BUSINESS TO THE MARITIME TOURISM INDUSTRY
No full textOcean-based countries has more advantages compare to a landlock regions where there face challenges on the access to the oceanography activities. Beyond major maritime trading and transportation business, maritime tourism business is one of the economically contributing sectors for coastal region nations. The main aim of this paper is to (a) identify the role of seaport museum and maritime museum, (b) to explore the benefits of seaport museum and maritime museum towards seaport industry, (c) proposing a framework for the future research direction on seaport tourism as a complementary business opportunity for seaport industry. Bibliometric analysis technique was adopted with VoS viewer, and a content analysis on 30 research articles were performed to derive the results and then coded with NVivo 12 software. The result shows that, there are nine key measurement factors needed to be considered to archive the objectives. Seaport museum and maritime museum are not the same, whereas maritime museum only focuses on all the sea-based artifacts while seaport museum focuses on the specific sea-based artifacts which are in the port limits. Moreover, both the museums encourage the port city development and have a high impact to the seaport revenue generation.
 
PADDY HUSK BIOCHAR IS BENEFICIAL TO IMPROVE GROWTH QUALITY OF ENGLISH LAVENDER (Lavandula angustifolia) IN LOWLAND OF TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA
No full textEnglish lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is a multi-use ornamental plant native to the Mediterranean. In Malaysia, lavender has also been cultivated in the lowlands as a potted plant, besides Cameron Highland. However, studies on lavender cultivation are very scarce in Malaysia. Hence, this study on the effect of biochar on the growth quality of lavender cultivated as a potted plant in the lowland was initiated. This study was conducted in a greenhouse at Batu Rakit, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, for seven weeks after transplanting. Growing media consisted of 3:7 soil:sand without biochar as the control. About 50 g of paddy husk biochar and coconut shell biochar were added to the growing media as treatments, respectively. The parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots and roots-to-shoots ratio biomass. This study found that adding biochar to the growing media positively affected the growth quality of the plants compared to the control. Paddy husk biochar significantly (P < 0.05) improved stem height, number of branches and the root dry weight of L. angustifolia. Hence, adding paddy husk biochar in growing media is worth considering for English lavender cultivation in the lowlands of Malaysia
JENIS GAYA ASUHAN IBU BAPA, KECERDASAN EMOSI DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN TINGKAH LAKU REMAJA DELINKUEN
No full textKajian ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan antara gaya asuhan ibu bapa dengan kecerdasan emosi terhadap tingkah laku delinkuen remaja. Seramai 338 orang pelajar sekolah menengah di daerah Kuala Terengganu telah dipilih secara persampelan bertujuan untuk terlibat dalam kajian ini. Kajian ini dijalankan secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan tiga set soal selidik iaitu soal selidik Paulson’s Perception of Parenting Scale, soal selidik kecerdasan emosi dan soal selidik skala delinkuen. Data kajian dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan min dan peratusan, manakala analisis inferensi menggunakan kolerasi dan regresi. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya asuhan ibu bapa dan kecerdasan emosi terhadap tingkah laku delinkuen remaja. Bagi korelasi berganda pula menunjukkan gaya asuhan ibu bapa memberikan sumbangan yang signifikan terhadap tingkah laku delinkuen remaja, manakala kecerdasan emosi tidak memberi sumbangan secara langsung. Oleh itu, gaya asuhan ibu bapa dan kecerdasan emosi remaja perlu dimantapkan lagi kerana telah terbukti bahawa kedua-dua pemboleh ubah dalam kajian ini mempunyai hubungan terhadap tingkah laku delinkuen remaja. Namun, kajian lanjutan perlu dijalankan bagi mengesahkan lagi dapatan kajian ini dengan melihat perkara-perkara lain yang tidak diukur melalui kajian ini
EFFECT OF SHADING AND MULCHING ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF Andrographis paniculata Burm f.
No full textAndrographis paniculata Burm f. is herbal plant that has shown potential for commercialisation. To obtain optimal production, proper plant management techniques must be identified. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of shading and mulching materials on the growth of A. paniculata. The study employed both shading and non-shading treatments to examine the effects, and five different types of mulching treatment were utilised: Non-mulched, coconut husk, rice husk, gravel, and sand. The results revealed that there were no significant differences between plants grown with or without shading, as well as between plants with or without mulching. Therefore, it was concluded that A. paniculata can survive and grow under both shaded and direct sunlight conditions, without the necessity of mulching. However, if mulching is deemed necessary, it is recommended to utilise finer materials that can easily decompose in the soil. This study represents an original idea that was developed and carried out to answer questions related to the cultivation of A. paniculata
PREVALENCE OF PATHOGENIC Leptospira spp. IN SMALL MAMMAL HOSTS FROM DUNGUN, TERENGGANU: PREVALENCE OF PATHOGENIC Leptospira spp. IN SMALL MAMMAL
No full textLeptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira, which is transmitted through infected mammalian species, including small mammals. However, the prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in small mammals, particularly between different site categories in the eastern part of Peninsular Malaysia, is still underexplored. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the species composition of small mammals and the prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. between different site categories from Dungun, Terengganu. We selected five case sites (leptospirosis cases were recorded) and five control sites (no leptospirosis cases were recorded) in Dungun, Terengganu, based on previous reports by the Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia (2016-2020). For three consecutive nights, 100 cage traps were used for each trapping session. In addition, kidney samples from captured individuals were extracted for the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. Overall, 89 individuals from five species were captured (6.43% trapping success), consisting of Rattus norvegicus (n = 39), Rattus rattus (n = 27), Suncus murinus (n = 11), Rattus exulans (n = 10) and Tupaia glis (n = 2). Out of 89 individuals captured, 14 tested positive with a 15.7% (n = 14/89) prevalence rate. R. norvegicus was the most dominant captured species and had the highest number of infected individuals with pathogenic Leptospira (20.5%, n = 8/39). The statistical analysis revealed that there is a significant difference in pathogenic Leptospira spp. between case and control sites (P < 0.05), with control sites recording higher positive individuals (78.6%, n = 11/14) compared to case sites (21.4%, n = 3/14). However, no significant differences were observed between species and sex (P > 0.05). The results show that the monitoring of leptospirosis cases should not only focus on case areas but also control areas in order to prevent the outbreak of this disease in the future
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSING AND PROMOTING COMPETITIVENESS IN THE MARITIME INDUSTRY IN LESS-FAVOURED REGIONS
No full textLike other economic activities, maritime businesses are unevenly distributed across the globe and tend to concentrate in large metropolitan agglomerations, often more associated with innovation. As a result, conceptual approaches for promoting competitiveness through innovation are mostly tailored to their characteristics. The predominant approach has been the concept of clusters, a prominent concept in maritime research. The limitations of the application of the clusters approach for less-favoured (non-metropolitan) regions have been pointed out and have prompted calls for alternative approaches better suited for these types of regions, where innovation is even more crucial. Drawing inspiration from available economic geography literature, this paper proposes the concept of constructing regional advantage (CRA) as an approach for promoting competitiveness through continuous innovation in the maritime context in less-favoured regions
POTENTIAL, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS FOR PAKISTAN'S BLUE ECONOMY
No full textThe value of water and oceans in fostering inhabitation and facilitating trade and economic connectivity is immense. Sea-trade has historically played a crucial role in building a state's economic power. Pakistan, with over 1000 km of coastline and an extended Exclusive Economic Zone covering 290,000 sq.km, possesses abundant marine, fisheries, mineral, and energy resources that can generate significant revenues. Additionally, Pakistan's geo-oceanic position offers vast opportunities for sea-based activities like transportation, tourism, shipbuilding, port facilities, and renewable energy. This paper highlights the challenges and prospects of Pakistan's Blue Economy, providing policy recommendations for its development
ANALYSIS OF MARITIME ACCIDENTS IN MALAYSIAN WATERS
No full textThroughout the South China Sea and the Malacca Strait, more than 60% of all maritime trade passes each year. The rapid growth in fleet size and ship size may lead to an increase in maritime accidents. Since many maritime accidents cause serious injuries, fatalities, damage of property and monetary losses, it is essential and crucial to discuss about marine safety. In this study, a statistical analysis was performed in order to assess the number of maritime accidents that occurred in Malaysia between 2018 and 2021, as well as the percentage of accidents that occurred in each accident category and for each type of ship. The analysis also considers the age of the ship. The data that were presented also looks into a potential relationship between the age of the ship and the accident percentage. The results demonstrate that general cargo ships were the ship categories that are most vulnerable to maritime accidents; collisions were the accident type that occurs most frequently, and there were several relationships between the accident percentage and ship age. The results may be utilized to help seafarers, related government agencies and other relevant organizations promote risk prevention, create efficient risk response plans, and establish strategies to enhance the marine mechanism for managing safety in Malaysian waterways
NIGERIA IN THE MINDS OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN PUBLIC TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: AN EMPIRICAL SURVEY ON THE TRUST DEFICIT IN POLITICAL GOVERNANCE
No full textThis study examined the extent of trust deficit in political governance among tertiary institution undergraduate students of Nigeria in political governance. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. Multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted to sample 780 undergraduate students of Colleges of Education, Polytechnics and Universities in Osun State, Nigeria. An 18-item research instrument titled “Empirical Trust Deficit Survey in Political Governance” was used in data collection. The items were polytomously scored using a five-point Likert scale ranging from Strongly Disagree (SD, rated 1), Disagree (D, rated 2), Neither Agree nor Disagree (NAD, scored 3), Agree (A, given point 4); and Strongly Agree (SA, given point 5). The instrument was validated by three experts in Psychology and Educational Tests and measurement; administered on 90 tertiary undergraduate students in Osun State, Nigeria outside the study area; and yielded internal reliability index of 0.78. Data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics of simple percentage. Results showed that tertiary institution undergraduate students of Nigeria had distrust in political governance as the level of performance of their political office holders is low. Furthermore, undergraduate students of Nigeria neither agreed nor disagreed that economic inequality contributes to their distrust in political governance. Finally, there was a huge gap between campaign promises made by Nigerian politicians and fulfilment leading tertiary institution undergraduate students to develop loss of trust in them. It was recommended among others that there should be adequate monitoring in political governance in Nigeria to ensure that at least over 60% of the campaign promises made during election are fulfilled