UMT Journal Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
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Leveraging Blue Energy for Sustainable Power Generation at Seaports
No full textSeaports are one of the crucial elements for global trade, performing as pivotal points for goods transportation and bridging countries to cross-border market connectivity. However, seaports leave a major ecological footprint due to the dependence on non-renewable energy for port operations, which lead to carbon emissions. By utilising the natural salinity gradient between the saltwater and freshwater, seaports can implement salinity gradient energy systems, like salinity gradient osmosis (SGO), to generate sustainable and renewable electricity. This is in accordance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially Goal 7: Affordable & Clean Energy; Goal 13: Climate Action, and Goal 14: Life Below Water. Adopting a blue energy system for port operation can significantly reduce dependence on conventional energy sources, lower CO2 emissions and contribute to the port’s sustainable initiatives. Harnessing the resources of saltwater and freshwater for the generation of electricity via a blue energy system strengthens energy reliability and enhances the seaport’s progression towards a sustainable economic model and reinforces its commitments to environmental conservation.
Evaluating Factors of Adopting Autonomous Machinery in Distribution Centres using Analytical Hierarchy Process
No full textThe rapid growth of logistics in Malaysia, particularly in Selangor, has increased the demand for more efficient and technologically advanced Distribution Centres (DCs). Autonomous machinery offers significant potential to enhance operational efficiency, reduce labour dependency, and improve accuracy in logistics operations. This study investigates the key factors influencing the adoption of autonomous machinery in distribution centres in Selangor by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Data were collected through purposive sampling of 10 experts with at least three years of experience in logistics and automation. The AHP analysis structured the decision problem into a three-level hierarchy, followed by pairwise comparisons to determine weightings and priorities. The results reveal that operational factors are the most influential, accounting for 55% of the decision weight, with infrastructure readiness and workplace safety ranked as the top sub-
factors. Internal factors, particularly maintenance costs and return on investment, ranked second, highlighting the importance of financial sustainability. External factors, such as data security and market scale, were found to be less influential but remain relevant for long-term adoption strategies. The study concludes that successful implementation of autonomous machinery requires balancing technological readiness, financial justification and workforce adaptation. Limitations of this study include the small sample size and short time frame, which restrict generalisability. Nonetheless, the findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, managers and industry stakeholders to strengthen Malaysia’s logistics competitiveness in alignment with Industry 4.0 initiatives
Microbiological assessment of soy milk collected from bazar Ramadhan in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
No full textSoy milk is a popular non-dairy alternative, often consumed for its high protein content and health benefits. Despite its increasing popularity, concerns about the quality and safety of soy milk persist. Soy milk sold at the Ramadan bazaar is typically home-prepared by small-scale producers, making it susceptible to contamination due to its rich nutritional profile and simple packaging. This can lead to a short shelf life and potential public health issues. Hence, this study aimed to assess the microbial quality of soy milk samples from the Ramadan bazaar in Kuala Nerus. A total of 48 soy milk samples were randomly purchased from the Ramadan bazaar Gong Badak, Kuala Nerus, between 20th May and 10th June 2018. The Total Plate Count method was used to determine the bacterial load in the soy milk, while XLD agar and the BBL Crystal Kit were employed to identify isolated bacteria. The study reported that the total bacterial count ranged from 2.81 ± 0.08 log10 CFU/ml to 9.71 ± 0.04 log10 CFU/ml, with the highest count exceeding the allowable limit for soy beverages (5 log10 CFU/ml). Additionally, 62.5% of the selected screened samples revealed coliform bacteria, the Cronobacter sakazakii complex, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella sp., and Escherichia coli. These findings highlight the significance of proper management during soy milk production to prevent contamination that could lead to foodborne illnesses. Regular screening and monitoring of food and beverages sold at markets and Ramadan bazaar are essential to enforce food safety and security measures
A STUDY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF NAUTICAL STUDENTS DURING FULL MISSION SHIP BRIDGE SIMULATION TRAINING
No full textThis study examines the contributing factors to nautical students' performance in Full Mission Ship Bridge Simulator Training (FMSBST). Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the study determines and prioritises contributing factors: instructor quality, training content, facilities, and personal factors. Questionnaires were distributed among 20 nautical students and six instructors from Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), and Sealestial Marine Seafarer's Training Centre (SEAMASTER). The results revealed that instructors are the most significant factor (32.24%), followed by training content (25.44%), facilities (22.64%), and personal factors (19.68%). The findings also present practical recommendations to improve simulator training, including enhancing instructor expertise, revising training materials, and upgrading simulator facilities. This study contributes to maritime education by presenting evidence-based solutions to maximise student performance in FMSBST
AN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) APPROACH FOR SELECTION OF OFFSHORE SUPPLY BASES: KEMAMAN VERSUS TOK BALI IN MALAYSIA
No full textThis paper explores and identifies a key element in the offshore supply chain and the oil and gas industry, the offshore logistic system, which includes offshore supply bases. This shore supply base is the logistics hub for all drilling and oil and gas activity. It functions as a central warehouse and a forward base for supplying cargo and needed supplies to offshore installations, and it offers critical services to facilitate offshore operations. Because of its advantageous position in Southeast Asia, Malaysia has become a prominent participant in the worldwide oil and gas sector. The nation’s offshore supply bases, with oil and gas platforms operating in different locations along the eastern shores, have become crucial centres for the sector. This study aims to identify the key factors in supply base selection by oil and gas operators by performing a comparative analysis of two significant offshore supply bases in Malaysia, specifically Kemaman and Tok Bali. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) has been used for stakeholders to make multi-criteria decisions. The method will prioritise four main criteria for supply base selection: Geographical location of Offshore Supply Base, Infrastructure and facilities, services provided and charges, and Regulatory considerations were used with twelve sub-criteria to ascertain which supply base is most favourably situated to meet the increasing demands of the oil and gas industry in the region, all of which determine the operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness of offshore operations. The analysis revealed that the Geographical component is the most significant, followed by Facilities and infrastructure, Service and costs, and Regulatory, respectively. Based on the score, the attribute with the highest level of importance is the Distance to MTJDA & MVCAA (Northern Section) Oil & Gas Platform. This is followed by Service, Berth facilities, Distance to the oil and gas Platform at Terengganu Water (Southern Section), Outsourced / Inland Area, Warehousing, Storage Facilities, Crew Change, Customs, Charges, Port Authority, and ISPS compliances in that order. The findings of this study will aid oil and gas companies and players in making informed decisions regarding the selection of onshore supply bases. By examining the factors influencing the choice of supply base and their respective advantages, companies can make informed decisions that contribute to their overall success in a competitive global market
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNAL BRANDING AND BRAND CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AMONG EMPLOYEES OF PKT LOGISTICS GROUP SDN. BHD.
No full textThis study investigates the relationship between internal branding practices and Brand Citizenship Behaviour (BCB) among PKT Logistics Group Sdn. Bhd. employees. This study hypothesises that internal branding (comprising brand communication, culture, and rewards) will positively affect the employees’ citizenship behaviour toward organisational success. Setting the research in Social Exchange Theory (SET), this study uses data from 263 employees collected through a quantitative survey and tests hypothesis with SmartPLS. All the internal branding practices are statistically significant for impacting BCB, emphasising why ensuring a resilient work identity is critical to elevate employee commitment and increase organisational performance. The study’s findings contribute tomanagement practices for making internal branding work, which can be used to develop a committed and brand-aligned workforce
DNA BARCODING TO RESOLVE MORPHOLOGICAL AMBIGUITY OF YELLOWFIN SNAPPER, Lutjanus xanthopinnis FROM TERENGGANU
No full textLutjanus species belong to the family Lutjanidae, where some of the species, such as L. lutjanus, L. vitta, and L. johnii, are common species in Malaysia. The fish, also known as snapper, can be discovered in abundance in most fish landings, including at Terengganu. Lutjanus xanthopinnis, commonly known as yellowfin snapper, is another fish commonly found in Malaysian water, especially Terengganu. However, their morphological characteristics were doubted, as it is hard to distinguish by morphometric and meristic identification alone. This study was conducted by collecting 100 Lutjanid samples with mixed freshness grades from 11 locations consisting of four districts: Besut, Kuala Nerus, Kuala Terengganu, and Marang, Terengganu. These 11 locations consisted of fish landing ports, fish stalls, and fish markets in the identification using the Cytochrome Oxidase 1 (CO1) gene marker for the five morphological ambiguous samples. The initial external examination of the samples based on the colour of the stripes led to the identification of the 30 Lutjanid samples as L. xanthopinnis. Further identification of 30 Lutjanid samples via 40 morphometrics and nine meristic characters led to only 25 individuals from the 30 samples fully confirming their identity as L. xanthopinnis. However, five of the samples have several gill rakers, soft dorsal, and anal fin rays that are not similar yet overlap with the previous reports. Hence, these five samples were taken to undergo molecular identification via DNA barcoding using the CO1 gene. The Neighbour Joining Method phylogenetic tree with the Kimura-2 Parameter (K2P) model revealed that the five samples were differentiated into three clades, which were L. xanthopinnis, L. vitta, and L. lutjanus. Molecular identification for the five samples also revealed that three samples were identified as L. xanthopinnis. In contrast, the remaining two were identified as L. vitta and L. lutjanus, respectively, with 99% to 100% similarity. The study has demonstrated that molecular identification via DNA barcoding is a valuable complementary tool to morphological identification, enabling more accurate species identification. It is recommended that fresh samples and more samples are collected from other states. Furthermore, the use of DNA barcoding should be continued in species validation to achieve the highest possible level of accuracy
BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF MULTIMODAL LOGISTICS: IDENTIFYING MAIN TRENDS AND THE ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION
No full textThe integration of various transportation modes is a critical aspect of global supply chain management, commonly referred to as multimodal logistics. This method is utilised to optimise cost, time, and environmental impact. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to investigate the evolving trends and the essential role of transportation in multimodal logistics. The analysis emphasises the unique advantages of trucking, rail, maritime shipping, and air transport. The study utilises keywords from the Scopus database to search for materials and analyses them based on the year of discovery, industry, producing authors, and state. The analysis is restricted to research subjects and focuses on highly specific areas, such as modelling processes, digitalisation, ecological impact, and regional performance evaluation. The literature significantly focuses on the challenges of coordinating multiple transportation modes, technological advancements, and sustainability. The study identifies prevailing trends, key research areas, and future directions, differentiating between multimodal and intermodal logistics and their respective implementation challenges and advantages. Multimodal logistics, a vital sector of the economy, also supports other sectors by reducing direct economic costs through efficient linkages between manufacturing and extractive industries. The study emphasises the importance of empirical research, technological integration, and sustainable practices in advancing multimodal logistics
MOLECULAR APPROACH FOR VALIDATION OF Lutjanus lutjanus AND Lutjanus vitta FROM TERENGGANU WATERS
No full textThe Snapper is a fish that belongs to the family Lutjanidae and the order Perciformes. It can be discovered in tropical and subtropical mangrove habitats and reefs from depths ranging from 1 m to 500 m. Lutjanus lutjanus and Lutjanus vitta are two snappers found inhibiting Malaysia’s coastal waters, including Terengganu. A total of 100 Lutjanid samples with the admixture of varieties of freshness grade were collected from 11 sampling sites that consist of landing ports and fish markets. Note that external morphological examination based on the body stripes’ colour led to the identification of 30 samples of L. lutjanus and 30 samples of L. vitta. The samples were first identified via morphometric and meristic characterisation, with 39 morphological characters measured, and seven meristic characters were counted. 50 samples were successfully identified as L. lutjanus (n = 25) and L. vitta (n = 25) via morphometric and meristic identification. However, five samples of L. lutjanus with soft dorsal fin counts and five samples of L. vitta with the number of gill rakers did not follow the range stated by the previous study. These 10 samples were further analysed using molecular identification utilising the CO1 gene. Consequently, the constructed phylogenetic tree using the Neighbour Joining method with the Kimura-2 Parameter (K2P) model indicates that both species were divided into clades. Furthermore, the molecular approach indicated five samples were validated as L. Lutjanus while another five samples were L. vitta, with a 99% identical percentage. For future research, it is recommended to use fresh samples, increase the number of samples from other states, and continue to validate the identity via DNA barcoding using the CO1 gene
A MODEL OF MARITIME COMMUNITY DIGITALISATION AND INSTITUTIONAL COMMITMENT TOWARDS TELECENTRE SUSTAINABILITY
No full textThis study focuses on telecentre implementation institutional capacity and sustainability. Telecentre sustainability is the power of a national commitment by policymakers who recognize the importance of connecting people through modern information society tools and back that commitment up with funding and institutional support for multi-year programs. The significance of institutional capacities in translating national policy into action at the regional and local levels through governmental and non-governmental bodies. The importance of maritime community volunteers in the operation of telecentres as a network of telecentres cooperating in a region to develop and share a variety of resources. The significance of promoting information and ICTs as a valuable resource for individuals, families, organizations, and communities. In light of this, it is now clear that telecentres are necessary for continued development. The managers of various telecenters throughout the East Coast provided the information that was gathered. We presented and spoke about the findings of qualitative narratives derived from the content analysis of the interviews. In order to come up with the main conclusions of this study, the qualitative data that were gathered, evaluated and interpreted. The findings show that this implementation study identified a lack of resources (inputs) and impediments as a result of policy failure. Theoretically, this research indicates that telecentres will be sustainable in the long run. With the enhancement of the telecentre program, ICT for maritime community development and sustainability will improve. This study proposes a model of maritime community digitalization and institutional commitment with the emphasizes on technology infrastructure, digital literacy, institutional commitment and community involvement. Thus, these are embedded to the sustainability pillars which are: organization, policy, social, finance and operation identified from this research