Rumah E-Journal Citakonsultindo (CV. CITA UTILITAS UTAMA)
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Rhetorical Pattern in Research Article Introduction Section Written by Indonesian Authors
No full textThe purpose of this study is to describe the rhetorical patterns seen in research articles produced by Indonesian authors' introductions. This study used document analysis as a part of qualitative approach. Twenty research articles (RAs) in the introduction section that were uploaded to SINTA served as the study's data sources. Research publications in the fields of literature, linguistics, and pedagogy written by Indonesians served as the data sources. The analysis used Swales's (2004) CARS theory to understand the rhetorical structure of article introductions. The findings reveal differences in the introductions' writing styles across the examined articles. Step 3: Occupying the Niche and Step 1: Outlining the Purpose or Stating the Nature of the Research were the two most important steps in the CARS structure. 48 data points, or 50% of the total data analyzed, are included in Step 3, indicating the significance of the authors' assertions regarding the presence and applicability of their research. In the meantime, Step 1 produced 15 data points (19.2%), suggesting that authors try to clearly state the goal and subject matter of their research. Furthermore, it was found that some phases, such Step 6 Move 3: Stating the Value of the Present Research and Step 7 Move 3: showing the Structure of the Present Research Paper, were completed less frequently, showing differences in rhetorical approach. This study suggests that Indonesian authors try to be open and honest about the goal of their research while also emphasizing the importance and contribution of their work. To summarize, Indonesian writers' use of rhetoric in research paper introductions reflects an effort to promote openness and clarity in articulating the study's purpose, which is crucial for improving scientific communication and comprehension
Analysis of National Security Strategies in Response to Conflicts and Competition over Oil Resources in the Indo-Pacific Region
No full textThe Indo-Pacific region has become the focal point of global geopolitical competition, involving major powers such as the United States, China, India, and Japan. The background of this study stems from the escalating rivalry and contest over oil resources in the region, which directly affects national security and regional stability, including that of Indonesia. The main objective of this research is to analyze the geopolitical dynamics, energy competition, and their implications for Indonesia’s national defense doctrine within the framework of the Indo-Pacific Strategy and the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP). This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach through an extensive literature review of international and national academic sources focusing on geopolitics and energy security. The findings indicate that the struggle for energy resources in the Indo-Pacific not only influences economic relations but also shapes the direction of national defense and diplomatic strategies. Consequently, Indonesia must renew its defense doctrine with a focus on maritime defense, energy security, and regional multilateral cooperation to safeguard sovereignty and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region
Military Technology In 2100: The Evolution Of Defense Toward A Futuristic Era
No full textThis article explores anticipated shifts in military technology through the year 2100 by synthesizing present-day technological trajectories, scientific advancements, and evolving defense policies. Over the coming century, defense architectures are likely to transform substantially, marked by pervasive combat automation, sophisticated exoskeleton systems, adaptive smart-material camouflage, and the incorporation of genetic and biotechnological applications for defense purposes. Control of cyberspace and outer space will emerge as pivotal strategic arenas. Together, these trends will reframe warfare from primarily kinetic encounters to conflicts driven by advanced technologies and data-centric operations. Developments in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and autonomous weapons are expected to lessen direct human involvement while accelerating and streamlining military decision-making processes (Scharre, 2018). However, these innovations raise serious concerns automated escalation, erosion of meaningful human oversight, and potential unethical deployment of powerful technologies highlighting the pressing need for robust international legal and ethical governance. This paper offers a detailed examination of these trajectories and their implications for global military capabilities and international security in the twenty-second century.
 
Analysis of the Role of Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion on the Financial Performance of MSMEs
No full textThis study aims to comprehensively analyze the role of financial literacy and financial inclusion on the financial performance of MSMEs in Indonesia through a literature review from various reputable national and international sources. The results show that good financial literacy encourages MSMEs to make more informed financial decisions, improve the quality of financial reports, and strengthen risk management capabilities. Meanwhile, financial inclusion expands MSMEs' access to capital, insurance, and digital payment services, thereby increasing business efficiency and competitiveness. However, challenges remain, particularly in the 3T (frontier and remote) regions, such as disparities in access, limited infrastructure, and a dominant cash transaction culture. Therefore, integrated policy interventions are needed in the form of contextual financial literacy education, strengthening the digital financial ecosystem, and improving infrastructure. This study is expected to serve as a reference for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in formulating sustainable MSME empowerment strategies in the digital er
Analysis Of Environmental Health Impacts And Socio-Economic Impacts On The Rice Milling Industry
No full textThis study aims to analyze the environmental health and socioeconomic impacts of the traditional rice milling industry in Tasikmalaya, focusing on potential hazards such as dust, noise, vibration, and hot working conditions that affect the health of workers and the surrounding community. The research method used was qualitative descriptive through field observations, interviews, and documentation of key informants and supporters, both from among workers and local residents. The results show that the highest dust concentrations are found around the milling and polishing machines, which have the potential to cause respiratory disorders. The continuous noise from the Fuso machines exceeds safe limits and threatens hearing function, while machine vibrations affect environmental comfort and building stability. Hot working conditions with poor ventilation cause discomfort and the risk of dehydration for workers. From a socioeconomic perspective, the rice milling industry makes an important contribution by creating jobs, increasing farmers' incomes, and strengthening the economic resilience of the community. However, there have also been changes in social structure and interaction patterns that tend to be more individualistic. This study concludes that risk control through dust management, noise reduction, and ventilation improvements is necessary to protect worker health and ensure the environmental and social sustainability of the rice milling industry
Development and Community Empowerment in Local Wisdom Based Ecotourism in Sambangan Village, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency, Bali Province
No full textThis study aimed to analyze the development and empowerment of the community in managing ecotourism based on local wisdom in Sambangan Village, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency, Bali. Initial observations indicated that the village's tourism potential, including ten waterfalls, cultural attractions, and man-made tourism facilities, had not been optimally managed due to limited development strategies and human resource capacity. This study employed a qualitative method, collecting data through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results showed that ecotourism development based on local wisdom successfully utilized natural, cultural, and artificial tourism potentials to attract visitors and improve community welfare. Local wisdom, reflected in the spirit of mutual cooperation, agricultural traditions, arts, and culture, strengthened tourism governance, with community members actively participating in village deliberations, training, homestay management, digital marketing, and preservation of traditional arts and handicrafts. Institutions such as LPHD and POKDARWIS served as coordination platforms to maintain environmental sustainability and ensure responsible tourism. The study produced a model of community empowerment that supported local economic improvement while preserving cultural values and environmental sustainability. The findings emphasized the importance of community collaboration and the utilization of local wisdom as a strategy for inclusive, sustainable, and adaptive ecotourism development
Optimalization of Instagram Features in Developing Digital Marketing Strategies: A Case Study of Bersama Outdoor Rent
No full textThis study examines the optimization of Instagram features as a digital marketing strategy for Bersama Outdoor Rent, an SME operating in the outdoor equipment rental and adventure service sector. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation of the Instagram account, and analysis of supporting documentation. The findings reveal that Instagram features are utilized unevenly; Feed posts and Direct Messages are optimized effectively for visual branding and transactional communication, while other features such as Stories, Highlights, hashtags, and especially Reels remain underutilized. The lack of structured content planning, irregular updates, and limited analytics-based evaluation hinder the business from achieving broader reach and higher engagement. These results highlight that effective digital marketing on Instagram requires strategic planning, systematic feature integration, and consistent performance monitoring. The study provides practical insights for SMEs seeking to maximize Instagram’s potential as a primary digital marketing platform
The Juridical Construction of Passive Subjective Novation Through Paylater Schemes in Marketplace Business Transactions
No full textIncreasingly progressive digital technology is driving significant changes in business transaction practices, particularly through marketplace platforms. This has led to new innovations widely used by consumers, such as paylater services, which allow payments to be routed through third parties, such as fintech companies. This scheme raises questions regarding the legal standing of the parties in an agreement. This paper discusses the legal standing of the parties by focusing on the concept of passive subjective novation, namely the replacement of the debtor's position in an agreement, as regulated in the Civil Code (KUHPerdata). The research method used is normative law with a qualitative descriptive analysis approach referring to statutory regulations, conceptual frameworks, and actual practices in Indonesia. The results show that in paylater transactions, passive subjective novation occurs, where the consumer, who was originally indebted to the seller, is replaced by the paylater service party as the new debtor, while the consumer shifts into a new obligation to the paylater service. This practice is in accordance with the principle of freedom of contract and is legally valid according to the Civil Code, POJK and the ITE Law
The Influence of Viral Marketing and Online Customer Reviews on Consumer Buying Interest (Case Study on Gacoan Noodles)
No full textThis study is expected to find out how Viral Promoting and Online Client Audits affect buyers' buying interest (Contextual analysis on Gacoan Noodles). This exploration was directed using the Different Straight Relapse examination tool in SPSS. The speculation uses a t-test with exploration results showing that viral showcases affect buyers' buying interest and online client surveys affect buyers' buying interest. The first speculation assumes that the viral display significantly affects buyers' buying interest for Mie Gacoan's focus products. The next speculation is that web-based client surveys significantly affect customer purchase interest towards the learning situation at Mie Gacoan
Why Women Still Experience Unequal Digital Access and Opportunities: Comparing How Social Norms, Economic Barriers, Technology Skills, and Online Safety Challenges Shape the Gender Digital Divide in Indonesia and Zimbabwe
No full textThe gender digital divide remains a multidimensional challenge across the Global South, particularly for women in Indonesia and Zimbabwe. Using a mixed-methods design that integrates quantitative survey data with qualitative interviews, this study examines how social norms, economic barriers, technological skills, and online safety risks shape women’s unequal digital access and participation in both national contexts. The findings reveal significant structural disparities: Zimbabwe records lower internet penetration (59.1%) and a wider gender gap (15%), with only 45% of women possessing basic digital skills, while 78.9% cite the high cost of data and 55.3% report poor connectivity as major barriers. In contrast, Indonesia demonstrates higher internet penetration (73.7–79.5%) and a smaller gender gap (1–3%), yet women remain disadvantaged in advanced digital competencies, productive digital engagement, and online safety, with 45% reporting experiences of gender-based online violence. Drawing on Cyberfeminist theory, the study illustrates the ambivalent nature of digital technologies, which simultaneously offer new avenues for empowerment while reproducing patriarchal control, objectification, and gendered surveillance. An intersectional analysis further reveals that women who are poor, less educated, or residing in rural areas face compounded forms of digital exclusion due to the overlapping effects of gender, socioeconomic status, and geographic marginalization. The study concludes that expanding internet access alone is insufficient to bridge the gender digital divide; targeted interventions must include gender-responsive digital literacy initiatives, robust online safety protections, supportive policy frameworks, and community-based empowerment ecosystems. By comparing Indonesia and Zimbabwe, the study highlights that despite contextual differences, both countries share underlying structural patterns of inequality, underscoring the need for cross-country learning and coordinated strategies to promote safer and more inclusive digital futures for women