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Wives’ Sexual Rights: Shāfiʿī Fiqh Norms and Indonesian Positive Law
Full text linkWives’ sexual rights in marriage constitute a fundamental aspect of human dignity that remains problematic in the construction of classical Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic family law in Indonesia. In the Shāfiʿī school of fiqh, particularly as reflected in al-Muhadzdzab by Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī, sexual intercourse (jimāʿ) is predominantly positioned as a prerogative right of husbands, while wives’ sexual rights are neither explicitly articulated nor recognized as equal. In contrast, the Indonesian positive law through the Marriage Law, the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), the Law on Elimination of Domestic Violence, and the Law on Sexual Violence Crimes demonstrates a more progressive orientation by acknowledging wives’ sexual rights as an integral component of the protection of human dignity and human rights. This study employed a normative legal approach with a content analysis of Shāfiʿī fiqh texts and a comparative analysis of the Indonesian positive law regulations. The findings revealed a normative gap between hierarchical classical fiqh and positive law that was oriented toward equality and the protection of women’s bodily rights. The primary contribution of this article is found in its direct dialectical engagement between the Shāfiʿī fiqh norms and the Indonesian positive law, followed by a proposed reinterpretation of fiqh grounded in maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, which affirms wives’ sexual rights as a reciprocal right in marriage. Furthermore, this article improves a concrete legal formulation by proposing a conceptual revision of nafkah bāṭin (intimate maintenance) in the Compilation of Islamic Law to encompass the proper fulfillment of wives’ biological needs which are free from coercion and accompanied by clear legal consequences. Therefore, this study enriches the discourse on Islamic family law while offering a normative bridge between fiqh authority and the Indonesian positive law grounded in gender justice
Evaluasi Penurunan Emisi Karbon melalui Pemanfaatan Panel Surya Berbasis Pedoman Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) di Kawasan Industri Cikarang Bekasi: Indonesia
Full text linkCarbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from the energy sector are a major contributor to global warming, thus becoming a serious challenge in achieving sustainable development. Most industrial areas in Indonesia still rely on electricity supply from natural gas-fired Steam Power Plants (PLTU) which contribute to carbon emissions. Based on these problems, this study aims to: (1) evaluate the existing conditions of the integration of Solar Power Plants (PLTS) with Private Power Generation systems, (2) calculate the potential CO₂ emission reduction from the use of PLTS, and (3) analyze the Economic Value of Carbon (NEK) based on national policies. The method used refers to the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines with a Tier 2 approach, as well as NEK calculations based on the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (Permen ESDM) No. 16 of 2022. The results of the study show that the current PLTS integration uses an On-Grid system with a capacity of 30% of the connected capacity. This condition causes the emission reduction achieved to be still limited due to regulatory restrictions. To achieve optimal emission reductions, a transition to an off-grid system is necessary. The economic value of carbon from solar power plant utilization shows a surplus of IDR 812,463,000 per year. Further research is recommended to examine hybrid system scenarios, long-term economic analysis, and the impact of carbon incentive policies on accelerating renewable energy adoption in the industrial sector.Emisi karbon dioksida (CO₂) dari sektor energi merupakan salah satu penyumbang utama pemanasan global, sehingga menjadi tantangan serius dalam pencapaian pembangunan berkelanjutan. Sebagian besar kawasan industri di Indonesia masih mengandalkan pasokan listrik dari Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) berbahan bakar gas bumi yang berkontribusi terhadap emisi karbon. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengevaluasi kondisi eksisting integrasi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) dengan sistem Pembangkit Listrik Swasta, (2) menghitung potensi reduksi emisi CO₂ dari pemanfaatan PLTS, dan (3) menganalisis Nilai Ekonomi Karbon (NEK) berdasarkan kebijakan nasional. Metode yang digunakan mengacu pada pedoman Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) tahun 2006 dengan pendekatan Tier 2, serta perhitungan NEK berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (Permen ESDM) No. 16 Tahun 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi PLTS saat ini menggunakan sistem On-Grid dengan kapasitas 30% dari daya sambung. Kondisi ini menyebabkan reduksi emisi yang dicapai masih terbatas karena adanya pembatasan regulatif. Untuk mencapai reduksi emisi secara optimal, diperlukan transisi menuju sistem Off-Grid. Adapun nilai ekonomi karbon dari pemanfaatan PLTS menunjukkan surplus sebesar Rp812.463.000 per tahun. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengkaji skenario sistem hybrid, analisis keekonomian jangka panjang, serta pengaruh kebijakan insentif karbon terhadap percepatan adopsi energi terbarukan di sektor industri
The Psychological Impact of Instagrammable Cafe Interiors: The Case of a Santorini-Themed Room
Full text linkContemporary cafe interior design not only serves as an aesthetic element but also plays a significant role in shaping visitors' emotional experiences. This study examines the influence of Instagrammable cafe interior design on visitors' emotional responses from a psychological perspective. The objectives of this study are to analyze the impact of interior design elements on cafe visitors' emotional reactions, examine the concept of Instagrammability as a factor influencing cafe visitors' perceptions and emotions, and identify opportunities for visitors to reorder and revisit the cafe. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews and field observations to collect data from two Gen-Z cafe visitors. This study utilizes Don Norman's emotional design theory, which is divided into three levels: visceral, behavioural, and reflective. The results of this study indicate that design elements such as colour, lighting, and spatial concepts are positively correlated with increased positive emotions in visitors. These findings also strengthen the role of interior design as a visual communication medium creating an emotional atmosphere in cafe spaces that supports daily activities, relaxation, and digital activities such as sharing photos on social media. The results of this study can be a reference for interior designers and cafe owners in designing spaces that are not only visually appealing but also consider the psychological aspects of the space's users
Pemberdayaan UMKM melalui Pendampingan Penyusunan Laporan Keberlanjutan: Pendekatan Partisipatif dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing Berkelanjutan: Indonesia
Full text linkSustainability issues have become a central concern in contemporary business practices, including within the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector, driven by increasing stakeholder demands for environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. Brownies Cinta MSME, as a rapidly growing enterprise in Indonesia, demonstrates significant economic potential but faces challenges related to production waste management, energy consumption, and social responsibility. To date, the enterprise has not developed a sustainability report as a formal instrument to measure and communicate its sustainability performance. This community engagement initiative aims to enhance the capacity of Brownies Cinta MSME to understand and prepare a sustainability report based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards. The program employed a collaborative approach through online training and mentoring involving the MSME partner and the University of Southampton. Data were collected using a triangulation method, combining questionnaires, in-depth interviews, direct observation, and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), with a particular emphasis on environmental (GRI 300) and social (GRI 400) aspects. The data were analyzed using descriptive and qualitative approaches within the GRI framework, complemented by a materiality assessment to identify the most relevant sustainability issues. The results indicate an improvement in the partner’s understanding of sustainability practices and the successful development of a draft sustainability report aligned with GRI Standards. This initiative is expected to support the implementation of sustainable business practices and strengthen MSMEs’ transparency and accountability toward their stakeholders.Isu keberlanjutan semakin menjadi perhatian utama dalam praktik bisnis, termasuk pada sektor Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM), seiring meningkatnya tuntutan pemangku kepentingan terhadap kinerja lingkungan, sosial, dan tata kelola perusahaan. UMKM Brownies Cinta sebagai salah satu UMKM yang berkembang pesat di Indonesia memiliki potensi ekonomi yang signifikan, namun menghadapi tantangan terkait pengelolaan limbah produksi, penggunaan energi, serta tanggung jawab sosial. Hingga saat ini, UMKM tersebut belum memiliki sustainability report sebagai instrumen formal untuk mengukur dan mengkomunikasikan kinerja keberlanjutan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas UMKM Brownies Cinta dalam memahami dan menyusun sustainability report berbasis standar Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan kolaboratif melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan daring yang melibatkan UMKM mitra dan University of Southampton. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode triangulasi melalui kuesioner, wawancara mendalam, observasi langsung, serta Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dengan fokus pada aspek lingkungan (GRI 300) dan sosial (GRI 400). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan kualitatif menggunakan framework GRI, dilengkapi dengan analisis materialitas untuk menentukan isu keberlanjutan yang paling relevan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan meningkatnya pemahaman mitra terhadap praktik keberlanjutan serta tersusunnya draft sustainability report yang sesuai dengan standar GRI. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat mendorong implementasi praktik bisnis berkelanjutan dan memperkuat transparansi serta akuntabilitas UMKM kepada para pemangku kepentingan
Buddhist Principles of Self-Management: Integrating Morality, Mindfulness, and Wisdom into Modern Leadership and Organizational Practice
No full textThis paper offers a redefined, self-management through the lens of ethics, drawing on the early Buddhist canonical texts. By employing a qualitative thematic methodology from focused studies of the, Dīgha Nikāya; Majjhima Nikāya; and, Aṅguttara Nikāya, this study seeks to define self-management as a cohesive, systemic construct that consists of ethical discipline (sīla), mental discipline (samādhi), and wisdom (paññā), and is undergirded by mindfulness (sati) and non-attachment (virāga). The findings reveal that self-management as ethical self-governance is early Buddhism’s perspective as opposed to the understanding of self-management as a neutral and psychological phenomenon. Sila establishes, the self-restraint, moral accountability and trust in the social system; samādhi helps to stabilize attention along with the regulation of emotional reactivity; and, paññā assists in turbulent times with respect to the, reflection under conditions of, complexity and ambiguity. Sati serves as ethical vigilance; allowing persons to unwholesome volitional impulses, and, unwholesome, voluntary impulses to act, while, virāga counteracts ego involvement, fixation on outcomes, and, assists, with ethical consistency under pressure. These sets are viewed as operating situationally as system. Re-establishing both the ethical and epistemic coherence of Buddhist self-management, this study provides a conceptually sound alternative to the more instrumental and reductionist interpretations of mindfulness and emotional regulation. In leadership and organizational studies, it advances an integrated model of ethical self-regulation that considers the interplay of the three components of Buddhism, i.e., morality, emotional regulation, and wisdom, without collapsing Buddhist doctrine to instrumentalist ends
The Razor’s Blind Spot: An Analytical Critique of the Atheistic Parsimony Argument (APA)
No full textWhen competing hypotheses show equal explanatory strength, philosophers and scientists often prefer the simpler proposition in the process of theory selection. However, contemporary atheistic arguments, especially the APA, misappropriate parsimony by excluding the God hypothesis from the explanatory system. Here, I evaluate the legitimacy of the APA through an analytical method grounded in Thagard’s coherence principles and Swinburne’s explanatory model to examine whether simplicity alone can serve as a criterion for theory selection. The results show that the APA does not satisfy established coherence criteria, improperly elevating simplicity over explanatory power. Finally, the study proposes a Cross-Domain Coherence (CDC) model that emphasizes multidimensional approaches to theory choice beyond ontological minimalism, offering a framework capable of explaining reality in its full complexity
Faith-Based Social Responsibility: Catholic Ethics and Community-Based Tourism in Ngu Hiep Islet, Dong Thap Province, Vietnam
No full textThis article examines how Catholic ethical principles are transformed into faith-based social responsibility within the context of community-based tourism development in Ngu Hiep Islet, a distinctive ecological–cultural area in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The study employs the theoretical framework of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) alongside Catholic Social Teaching (CST) to elucidate the interconnections among faith, ethical conduct, and sustainable development. Qualitative data were collected through 20 in-depth interviews, participant observation, and analysis of secondary documents within the local Catholic community. The findings reveal that faith not only shapes spiritual life but also frames labor values, a service-oriented mindset, and environmental awareness. The parish operates as a moral–social institution that coordinates and supervises community behavior in accordance with the principle of “serving in love.” Building on these insights, the article proposes a Faith-Based CSR model as an alternative approach to conventional CSR, thereby offering a theoretical lens through which to understand the role of religion in promoting sustainable community-based tourism and fostering an ethical social order in rural Vietnam
REGISTRATION-BASED WELL-KNOWN MARKS: INDONESIAN PRACTICE AND NORM UNDER PARIS CONVENTION AND TRIPS
No full textThe recognition of well-known marks by Indonesian courts has a long history in both legislation and jurisprudence. Current practice indicates that such recognition is often based on the registration of the mark in several countries. Although this approach is permissible under Indonesian law, it is not explicitly provided for in the Paris Convention or TRIPS which serve as international standards for the protection of well-known marks. Hence, this doctrinal or normative legal research will analyze the practices of recognizing well-known marks based on registrations in several countries within the legal framework of Indonesia, the Paris Convention, and the TRIPS Agreement. The findings reveal that early developments in Indonesian marks law and judicial precedents have greatly influenced the practices of recognizing well-known marks based on registrations in several countries. However, these practices are found to be inconsistent with the provisions concerning well-known marks under the Paris Convention and TRIPS. Therefore, Indonesian courts are encouraged to give greater consideration to Paris Convention and TRIPS to develop recognition practices that align more closely with international standards
Swamedikasi, DAGUSIBU, dan Waspada Bahan Berbahaya Kosmetik: Pengabdian Masyarakat di Dusun Kepuhsari, Surakarta: Indonesia
No full textInappropriate self-medication limited public understanding of the DAGUSIBU (Dapatkan, Gunakan, Simpan, dan Buang) concept, and the widespread use of harmful cosmetic products remain major challenges in improving community health. This community service activity aimed to increase the knowledge of residents in Dusun Kepuhsari RW 38 regarding rational self-medication, proper application of the DAGUSIBU principle (Get, Use, Store, and Dispose of Medicine Correctly), and the risks associated with hazardous cosmetic ingredients. The activity was carried out through an educational and participatory approach consisting of a pretest, leaflet distribution, direct delivery of material by resource persons, interactive Q&A sessions, distribution of door prizes, and a posttest. The results showed an overall increase in participants' understanding across all three topics. Knowledge of self-medication increased by 1.2 times, while understanding of DAGUSIBU improved by 1.44 times. Education on harmful cosmetics also led to a significant improvement in participants' awareness of product legality, identification of dangerous substances, and associated health risks. Through this educational program, the community is expected to become more informed and responsible in using both medicines and cosmetics safely and wisely.Swamedikasi yang tidak tepat, rendahnya pemahaman mengenai DAGUSIBU (Dapatkan, Gunakan, Simpan, dan Buang), serta maraknya penggunaan kosmetik berbahaya masih menjadi tantangan dalam upaya peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman warga Dusun Kepuhsari RW 38 mengenai swamedikasi yang benar, prinsip DAGUSIBU, serta risiko penggunaan kosmetik berbahan berbahaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pendekatan edukatif dan partisipatif yang terdiri dari pemberian pretest, pembagian leaflet, penyampaian materi secara langsung oleh narasumber, sesi tanya jawab interaktif, pemberian hadiah, dan ditutup dengan posttest. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap ketiga topik yang disampaikan. Pada topik swamedikasi terjadi peningkatan nilai rata-rata sebesar 1,2 kali lipat, sedangkan pada edukasi DAGUSIBU terjadi peningkatan sebesar 1,44 kali lipat. Sementara itu, edukasi kosmetik berbahaya menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman peserta terhadap pentingnya legalitas produk, identifikasi bahan berbahaya, serta risiko kesehatan yang ditimbulkan. Melalui edukasi ini, masyarakat diharapkan dapat menjadi lebih bijak dalam menggunakan obat maupun kosmetik secara aman dan bertanggung jawab
Rehabilitasi Ekosistem Pesisir melalui Penanaman Mangrove di Terengganu, Malaysia: Indonesia
No full textIncreasing coastal degradation in Terengganu, Malaysia, due to human activities and climate change, has prompted the need for ecosystem rehabilitation program through mangrove planting activities. This program is designed to restore coastal ecosystems, protect coastlines from erosion, and raise public awareness about the importance of the environment. Mangrove planting also provides economic benefits through ecotourism and sustainable fisheries. The implementation of activities involved students, lecturers, volunteers, and local communities in the MYCORAL 8.0 program, with stages of activities including site preparation, planting technique training, seedling planting, and initial monitoring. The results of the activity show an increase in mangrove coverage in the target area and the growth of active community participation in protecting the coastal environment. In addition to ecological benefits in the form of improved ecosystem quality and increased marine biota habitat, this activity also has a socio-economic impact through community empowerment and the potential for ecotourism development. These findings underscore the importance of integrating ecological, social, and technological aspects in coastal restoration, serving as a collaborative model that can be replicated in other regions. Overall, this program makes a tangible contribution to environmental conservation efforts while strengthening the relationship between academics and communities in addressing the challenges of climate change.Meningkatnya degradasi pesisir di Terengganu, Malaysia, akibat aktivitas manusia dan perubahan iklim, mendorong perlunya dilaksanakan upaya rehabilitasi ekosistem melalui kegiatan penanaman mangrove. Program ini dirancang untuk memulihkan ekosistem pantai, melindungi garis pantai dari erosi, dan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya lingkungan. Penanaman mangrove juga memberikan manfaat ekonomi melalui ekowisata dan perikanan berkelanjutan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan melibatkan mahasiswa, dosen, relawan, serta masyarakat lokal dalam program MYCORAL 8.0, dengan tahapan kegiatan mencakup persiapan lokasi, pelatihan teknik penanaman, penanaman bibit, hingga pemantauan awal. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan cakupan mangrove di area sasaran serta tumbuhnya partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam menjaga lingkungan pesisir. Selain manfaat ekologis berupa perbaikan kualitas ekosistem dan peningkatan habitat biota laut, kegiatan ini juga memberi dampak sosial-ekonomi melalui pemberdayaan komunitas dan potensi pengembangan ekowisata. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi aspek ekologi, sosial, dan teknologi dalam restorasi pesisir, serta menjadi model kolaboratif yang dapat direplikasi di wilayah lain. Secara keseluruhan, program ini memberikan kontribusi nyata bagi upaya konservasi lingkungan sekaligus memperkuat hubungan antara akademisi dan masyarakat dalam menghadapi tantangan perubahan iklim