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Zone-Based Indoor Positioning System in Faculty Building with Neural Networks
No full textPervasive Wi-Fi deployment has made Wi-Fi an economically convenient wireless platform for developing an Indoor Positioning System (IPS). This paper presents a zone-based IPS developed on Wi-Fi using fingerprinting technique with Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) to predict target positions. The zone-based IPS is deployed in an indoor environment (a faculty building) with four Wi-Fi modules separately placed. The indoor environment consists of office rooms and laboratories separated by concrete walls. A two-dimensional coordinate system and zone label are deployed to define each location. After that, data collection is performed on each location. The Wi-Fi Received Signal Strength (RSS) for every Wi-Fi module at each location is discovered, labelled with the location coordinate and zone value to form a fingerprint and finally stored in a database. Fingerprints in the database are then separated into training and testing sets for training and testing of PNN and RBFNN. The testing result shows that the mean positioning error for coordinate prediction of PNN and RBFNN is 3.84m and 6.91m, respectively. Although RBFNN has a large mean positioning error, RBFNN presented a zone positioning accuracy of 78.7%, which is close to the 82.2% accuracy presented by PNN.
Manuscript received: 2 March 2022 | Revised: 17 May 2022| Accepted: 9 Jun 2022 | Published: 8 July 202
Women in the Boardroom: The Case of Quota vs. Quality
No full textIn its initiative to promote gender equality, the government of Malaysia had imposed a 30% quota in 2011 for women to be part of the decision makers in the corporate sector. This paper examines the evolution of women directorship on corporate boards in Malaysia, as well as their respective profiles from the perspective of academic qualification, independence, commitment, industry experience, financial background, and multiple directorships during the pre- and post-quota period. The findings indicate an increase in the women representation on corporate boards from 2010 to 2018. A closer look into the women directors’ profiles indicates that there was a positive shift from the pre- to post-quota from the perspective of academic, independence, commitment, industry experience, financial background, and multiple directorships. In other words, the appointment of women directors in Malaysia has generally been made based on quality, not just to make up the numbers in the quota
The Impact of Covid-19 on Human Rescue Operations: A Review on Past Unmanned - Water Rescue Boats (U-Wrb) and Adopting Them to The New Norm
No full textRecently, the drowning cases of human beings are at an alarming rate. The current work presents a dedicated review on U-WRB for human rescue operations subjected to drowning. The review from year 1996 to 2018 highlights the key factors such as advantages and limitations of the developed U-WRB’s. Having completed the review, the work further proposes new research pathways that could be beneficial to the scientific community living in the new norm; COVID-19 where minimal contact between humans are of concern when it comes to human rescue operations. Possible new research pathways include but not limited to the type of sensors used, material selection, incorporation of state-of-the-art attachments to the U-WRB and customizable attachments to the main unit based on a given real time rescue operation are proposed.
Manuscript Received: 31 December 2021, Accepted: 16 January 2022, Published: 15 March 202
Secure File Storage On Cloud Using Hybrid Cryptography
No full textAs technology today is moving forward exponentially, data exchange over the Internet has become a daily routine. Furthermore, businesses are growing internationally and offices are being established in a variety of different places throughout the world. This has resulted in the necessity to make data accessible and practical from any place. As a result, information sent via an may lead to critical security problems involving the breach of secrecy, authentication, and data integrity. This paper introduces a cloud storage system by utilising hybrid cryptography approach that leverages both advantages of symmetric key and asymmetric key cryptographic techniques. In our proposed system, the symmetric key algorithm AES is utilised to encrypt data, whereas the asymmetric key algorithm ElGamal is employed to perform key encryption before the data upload into cloud storage. Combining both symmetric key and asymmetric key methods alleviates privacy issues while increasing data confidentiality. In addition, a hash function which is SHA-2 is executed before the encryption process and after the decryption process. Both hash values are derived through a hashing procedure and matched in order to verify the data integrity. However, if the users' accounts were lost or stolen, all encryption would be meaningless. Hence, a Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) is also employed to minimise the abovementioned risk to achieve a greater security over the cloud environment
Revisit Bonds Market and Aggregate Output Nexus: The Malaysian Case: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2022.3.2.2
No full textThe capability of the bonds market to channel savings to investors plays a significant role in promoting aggregate output. However, some recent studies argue that the connection between bond market development and economic activities is uncertain. The purpose of this study is to examine how the bonds market in Malaysia may affect its aggregate output based on the period between 1990 to 2020. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test is applied to study the nexus of the bonds market and the aggregate output of Malaysia. The results suggest a positive effect of private and public bonds on the economy of Malaysia. The findings imply a long-term effect running from the bonds market to aggregate output, supporting the notion that the bonds market has a direct and positive effect on channelling a surplus of funds to finance economic activities in Malaysia
Understanding Household’s Intention of Recycling Clothes: An Extension of TPB with Lack of Facilities and Social Media Usage: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2022.3.2.3
No full textThis research note addresses the gap in the household’s intention to recycle clothes in the Malaysian context. It examines the intention of recycling clothes by integrating lack of facilities and social media usage into The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) framework. An online survey was developed and distributed throughout Malaysia via social media platforms, and data was collected from 148 respondents. They were then screened and analysed. Subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and social media usage positively impacted the intention, and the lack of facilities negatively impacted intention. This study offers insights into the literature and responds to the call to investigate household intention to recycle clothes
Voice Control Smart Home Electrical Appliances for Visually Impaired Person
No full textThis paper proposed a voice control based smart home electrical appliances for visually impaired person. This voice control smart home system decreases the time taken for visually impaired person to control their home electrical appliances by giving specific voice command compared to traditional switch or remote control. Besides, the voice control smart home system also contained a mini speaker to provide a feedback audio and ensure the correct electrical appliances were controlled. The implementation of this voice control smart home system provides a more convenient and efficient way for visually impaired person to control their electrical appliances. An experiment was conducted by 50 participants to collect the data of the accuracy of the developed system with testing 100 times voice commands for each participants. The participants achieved 96.74 times correctly on average, with the accuracy 96.74% on this system. 79.33% of the participants agree or strongly agree that would use this system in the future for controlling their home electrical appliances.
Manuscript Received: 1 June 2022, Accepted: 20 June 2022, Published: 15 September 2022, ORCiD: 0000-0003-1477-844
The Copyright (Amendment) Act 2021 of Malaysia
No full textOn the last days of 2021, the Malaysian Parliament passed amendments to the Copyright Act 1987 and the Patents Act 1983. In addition, the Geographical Indications Act 2000 was repealed and replaced by a new Geographical Indications Act 2021. This legislative update looks at the amendments made by the Copyright (Amendment) Act 2021. Generally, five areas in the Copyright Act are affected: Collective management organization, Marrakesh Treaty, voluntary notification, streaming technology and enforcement power
A Systematic Review on Non-Functional Requirements Documentation in Agile Methodology
No full textThis systematic literature review studies and summarizes findings of requirements documentation of non-functional requirements practiced by agile software development teams. It identifies current practices and existing gaps when agile software teams discuss and implement non-functional requirements, and the current methods used to document non-functional requirements. Our aim is to identify available evidence on current practices and gaps in documenting non-functional requirements. The review was conducted by searching major databases for publications between 2018 and 2022. The inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as quality assessment scoring criteria were subsequently established. Results show that common themes in the practices and gaps in requirements documentation by agile teams do intersect although they are scarce. This review has the benefit for practitioners to have a better approach to document the requirements that may result in a more quality software product
Host States’ Counterclaims on Human Rights in Practical Investment Arbitration
No full textThis paper analyzes the potential hindrance to the positive results of counterclaims on human rights protection in the practical investment arbitration, then evaluates whether ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement and other treaties with investment provisions would be acceptable legal grounds to enable such counterclaims. This paper argues that to ensure more sustainable investment, future investment treaties should directly provide explicit states’ rights to make counterclaims on human rights protection. As such, these explicit provisions will create better legal grounds for host state to defend their legitimate rights on protecting human right, guarantee the predictability, and avoid the inconsistent interpretation or the reluctance of tribunals. This paper will delve in four substantial issues, including: (i) overview on counterclaims in international investment disputes; (ii) international and municipal regulations on human right protection in investment activities; (iii) host states’ counterclaims on protection of human rights in practical investment arbitration; (iv) control future commitments on states’ counterclaims on human rights