MMU Press (Multimedia University)
Not a member yet
714 research outputs found
Sort by
A Review of Perceived Risk Role in Autonomous Vehicles Acceptance: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2023.4.1.2
No full textThe purpose of this study is to critically review literature pertaining to the theoretical concept of perceived risk and its role in autonomous vehicle (AV) studies. A mapping on the placement of perceived risk to explain its position concerning AV acceptance either as a direct predictor or mediator as well as the number of dimensions used (i.e., single or multi-dimensions) in the context of AV, will be derived based on the critical review. Interestingly, a critical gap was discovered in which very little attention had been paid to the use of perceived risk as the multidimensional constructs that included financial risk, time risk, performance risk, psychological risk, social risk, and physical risk. The embedded meaning in the single perceived risk term might be one of the reasons leading to the inconclusive findings on the understanding of public acceptance of AVs. Furthermore, the review revealed that the role of perceived risk could be classified into four clusters using a knowledge map. This study enriches the literature by providing a summary framework map for various dimensions of perceived risk used in studying the public acceptance of AVs. Insights of the framework can help researchers to formulate better future research directions in evaluating the impacts of constructs in adopting AVs
Feasibility of Use of Second Life Electrical Vehicle Batteries in Data Centres in Malaysia
No full textIt is estimated that the cumulative of Electric Vehicles (EVs) will reach 85 million by 2030. EV batteries that have degraded to 80% of their initial capacity no longer provide the required efficiency for EV, resulting in an increasing amount of batteries being discarded and stored in warehouses instead of being recycled. The cost of this storage after its End of Life (EOL) adds to the initial cost of the EV. There is amounting environmental pressure to re-purpose these discarded batteries in other applications, such as energy arbitrage and peak shaving, such that the initial cost of the EV be reduced. This work presents a feasibility study that allows discarded EV batteries to be repurposed batteries to provide peak shaving in a mid-tier data centre with an area size of 465 m2. A comparison of the cost during peak hours shows that the repurposed batteries can be used as a reliable power supply source to reduce the reliance of data centres on grid power during peak hours. Results showed that the use of these repurposed batteries also achieved a higher cost savings as compared to using brand new Lithium Ion battery over a period of 10 years. A reliability study also shows that the repurposed battery system and brand new battery system performs at par, when the data centre draws power from the grid during peak hours. The study concludes that power supply system in data centres that uses repurposed batteries to achieve peak shaving is a cost effective, green solution that should be implemented. In the larger picture, the reusability of the EV batteries is expected to reduce the initial price of the EV cars, allowing a larger market penetration and thus ensuring the sustainability of the EV car industry. Reusing the stored batteries also reduces environmental issues related to Lithium mining for brand new batteries, such as mining pollution and fresh water shortage.
Manuscript Received: 13 September 2022, Accepted: 13 October 2022, Published: 15 March 2023, ORCiD: 0000-0002-0024-727
Integrated Circuit Packaging Recognition with Tilt Auto Adjustment using Deep Learning Approach
No full textA deep-learning-based approach for recognizing integrated circuit (IC) packaging type is presented in this paper. The objective of this work is to design a deep-learning method that can recognize multiple types of packaging per detection, performing counting operations, and calculating the centre location of an IC with its tilting angle. The transfer learning from model You-Only-Look-Once (YOLO) v5 was chosen because it has been trained with the coco dataset and has a more reliable feature extraction system than the other models. In order to extract data from images, OpenCV was used, which allows the deep learning model to perform more efficient analysis of the input data. Apart from that, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to estimate the angle of the IC in order to determine the rotation of each IC for the purpose of tilting adjustment. The developed model has an average confidence score of 85% and is capable of operating in a variety of conditions, as demonstrated by ANOVA analysis.
Manuscript Received: 13 April 2023, Accepted: 6 May 2023, Published: 15 September 2023, ORCiD: 0000-0002-4192-147
The Legal Framework of E-Commerce in Malaysia
No full textThis article examines the efficiency of the current legal framework on E-Commerce. E-Commerce is a new business model that is being adopted by the public and rapidly replacing the traditional concept of physical stores. Malaysia has not yet taken enough aggressive measures to change our commercial laws, despite the fact that doing so will help ensure that our legal system can control the new corporate norms of the digital era. In this article, the distinctions between offline and online business models are compared, along with the additional problems brought on by this shift. This article suggests new laws and rules that our legislators should enact in order to safeguard vendors, customers, and even the government
Exploring the Role of Technology in Brunei Darussalam's Public Sector during Strategy Implementation: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2023.4.2.1
No full textThe paper explores and isolates factors related to the role of technology during strategy implementation in the public sector. In pursuit of the objective, the actor-network theory (ANT) is used to explore the relationship between the entities in the public sector in using technology to implement strategy, which does not just involve the technical aspect but also the behavioural and organizational aspects. A qualitative exploratory study can better understand the role of technology infrastructure in the public sector by analysing the conceptions of organizational players that require technology to implement the strategy. Technology infrastructure in the public sector was perceived as an instrument for the employees in the public sector to implement the strategy. In terms of organizational context, technology availability could help them implement the strategy by shortening the time for activities under the strategy. For instance, it can streamline government procedures and provide high-quality public services. Concerning the behaviour context, the behaviour of the employees in the implementing agencies needed to be in line with the technology available where technology is viewed as an enabler and facilitator of behaviour that requires a perception of the system. This study contributes to the present body of knowledge by augmenting the current understanding of the role of technology infrastructure during strategy implementation in the public sector through the ANT view. Evidence confirms that the technology infrastructure does not just influence its technological context, but has an influence on the implementing agencies' organizational and behavioural context
Smart Parking System Using IoT Sensors
No full textDue to the increasing difficulty of finding vacant parking slots in urban cities, Smart Parking System has been developed to solve the problem. It is a system that can show the status of all parking slots in an area which allows drivers to find parking easily. The objective of this paper is to design a Smart Parking System by using Internet of things (IoT) sensors and evaluate the system’s performance. In this paper, ultrasonic sensors will be used as the IoT sensors while the microcontroller of the system is the NodeMCU ESP8266. The ultrasonic sensors will be placed in each parking slot to detect the presence of a vehicle. When the sensor detects a car, it will send this information to the microcontroller and the microcontroller will update the parking data stored in the cloud server via an internet connection. The users can then access the parking information in the cloud with their mobile devices by scanning the Quick Response (QR) code provided or directly visiting the cloud online. In addition, unique designs are proposed to solve some common problems faced by the parking systems such as the ultrasonic sensor might be malfunctioning and the sensor is unable to differentiate between a vehicle and a pedestrian. The performance of the system will then be evaluated based on its accuracy. From the results obtained, the system prototype achieved an accuracy of 100 %. Comparing this system with other Smart Parking Systems proposed, it proves that this method has higher cost-efficiency and reliability. This shows the significance of this research since higher system reliability and cost-efficiency can increase the confidence of the parking area owners to implement this Smart Parking System which can save the driver’s time and reduce air pollution.
Manuscript Received: 13 February 2023, Accepted: 14 March 2023, Published: 15 March 2023, ORCiD: 0000-0002-8716-373
Fuzzy Logic Weighted Averaging Algorithm for Malaysian Banknotes Reader Featuring Counterfeit Detection
No full textThis paper proposed a novel fuzzy logic weighted averaging (FLWA) algorithm in image processing techniques to detect counterfeit Malaysian banknotes. Image acquisition techniques on banknote position detection and re-adjustment, image pre-processing techniques, feature extraction methods on Malaysian banknotes’ watermarks are also covered in the paper. The FLWA Algorithm has the advantage of a much simpler model since it is a human guidance learning algorithm that does not require enrolment process to get the specific weights for each security feature. Each security feature is treated with equal weight. The experimental results also shown that FLWA model also outperform the MobileNet model and VGG16 model in Malaysian banknotes’ counterfeit detection. It has a distinct advantage over earlier or current banknote counterfeit detection techniques in that it adopted the known watermarks features, with known machine learning techniques to identify real Malaysian banknotes and detect those counterfeit Malaysian banknotes.
Manuscript Received: 27 February 2023, Accepted: 28 March 2023, Published: 15 September 2023, ORCiD: 0000-0003-1477-844
Simulation of Voltage Stability Enhancement at Primary Substation Using Static VAR Compensator
No full textFor the voltage stability enhancement of power system, the reactive power compensation is vital important. With the advancement in technology, the Flexible AC Transmission System Devices (FACTS) are widely used for stability improvement. In the primary substation, the stability is poor due to load conditions and system faults. In this research, the voltage stability enhancement for a Primary Substation using Static VAR (volt-amp reactive) compensator (SVC) is presented. SVC can be used to improve system voltage stability and addition of damping control. With the application of SVC, the voltage stability can be improved under normal condition as well as under contingency conditions. Shunt reactive power sources, including capacitive and inductive, are controlled by high power electronic switching devices in an SVC to enhance voltage stability. The goal of this attempt is to use SVC to improve the voltage stability of the 230/33 kV system. To evaluate the voltage stability improvement by SVC, a simulation model is implemented in Matlab/Simulink and performance analysis are carried out based on the simulation results.
Manuscript Received: 13 February 2023, Accepted: 25 March 2023, Published: 15 September 2023, ORCiD: 0009-0001-5294-251
The Legal and Practical Issues Related to the System of Two High Courts in Malaysia
No full textMalaysia was formed on 16 September 1963 when among others, the two states in East Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak) were federated with West Malaysia or Peninsula Malaysia (then known as the Federation of Malaya). The Federal Constitution of the Federation of Malaya was then extensively amended to accommodate the creation of the new Federation of Malaysia. However, as a compromise for the states of Sabah and Sarawak to join Malaya and become the Federation of Malaysia, many aspects of the judicial and legal system, as it was before the formation of Malaysia, were maintained. This included, among others, having two High Courts of co-ordinate jurisdiction and status, namely the High Court in Malaya for West Malaysia and the High Court in Sabah and Sarawak for East Malaysia, the use of different languages in both these courts, separate legal profession for West Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak respectively, and different laws on the same subject matter between East and West Malaysia. Although this system has been in place now for over five decades, it has given rise to various legal and practical issues which have remained unresolved up till now. This paper seeks to highlight some of these issues